Scale sedge

Scale sedge
	Two-part scallop sedge ( Kobresia simpliciuscula )
Systematics
Class :	Bedecktsamer (Magnoliopsida)
	Monocots
	Commelinids
Order :	Sweet grass (Poales)
Family :	Sourgrass family (Cyperaceae)
Genre :	Scale sedge
Scientific name
	Kobresia
	Willd.

The plant genus Schuppenseggen ( Kobresia ), also known as Schuppenried , belongs to the sour grass family (Cyperaceae). The approximately 57 species are common in the northern hemisphere .

description

Illustration:
A kobresia simpliciuscula ( Kobresia simpliciuscula , left) and
B nude Ried ( Kobresia myosuroides , right)

The common sedge species are perennial herbaceous plants that usually form lawns. Their stem is round or indistinctly triangular, it is usually only leafed at the base. The leaves are folded like bristles or narrow and runny.

The inflorescence is terminal, spiked or narrow panicle. The lower part usually consists of hermaphrodite spikelets that sit along an axis or in a contracted panicle. The inflorescence goes above into single-flowered, all-female spikelets, then into male spikelets. In species with a compound inflorescence, this order also applies to the side branches. For the sake of simplicity, all flowers behind a glume are referred to as spikelets, even if - as with the genus Sedge ( Carex ), which is closely related - the purely male flowers are viewed as flowers and not as reduced inflorescence. The flowers are threefold. There are no bracts. There are three stamens. The stylus is usually three columns and its base permanent.

The nut fruits are mostly triangular and surrounded by a perigynium (utriculus). But this is open here on one side.

Systematics and distribution

The genus Kobresia was established by Carl Ludwig Willdenow in Species Plantarum . The scientific generic name Kobresia honors Joseph Paul von Cobres (Kobres) in Augsburg , who owned a large collection of natural objects that the Bavarian state later bought up. The later genus Elyna Schrad. , in which the nude song was placed, is now mostly incorporated in Kobresia . Synonyms for Kobresia Willd. are: Elyna Schrad. , Hemicarex Benth. , Blysmocarex N.A.Ivanova .

The genus Kobresia belongs to the tribe Cariceae in the subfamily Cyperoideae within the family Cyperaceae .

The approximately 57 species thrive mainly in temperate areas of the northern hemisphere in the high mountains of Eurasia , in North America and in the Arctic . There are around 44 species in China, 16 of them only there. In Europe there are only two species, the naked sedge ( Kobresia myosuroides ) and the two-part common sedge ( Kobresia simpliciuscula ). The Siberian common sedge ( Kobresia sibirica ) has not yet been proven with certainty in Europe.

The genus includes about 57 species. However, some authors place them under the Carex genus :

Habit of the naked song ( Kobresia myosuroides )

Kobresia burangensis Y.C.Yang : This species is only known from the type material of a young specimen that is not yet capable of flowering. It wascollectedin 1987 on a grass slope at an altitude of about 5000 meters in Burang in the southwestern part of the Xizang autonomous region.
Kobresia capillifolia (Decne.) CBClarke : Caucasus, southern Siberia to Afghanistan and northern China.
Kobresia cercostachys (Franch.) CBClarke : Himalayas to China.
Kobresia condensata (Kük.) SRZhang & Noltie : Nepal, Sichuan and Yunnan.
Kobresia cuneata Kük. : The homeland is Tibet and China.
Kobresia curticeps (CBClarke) Kük. : The homeland ranges from the central and eastern Himalayas to southern Tibet.
Kobresia curvirostris (CBClarke) CBClarke : Home: Eastern Himalayas to Northern Thailand.
Kobresia duthiei C.B. Clarke : Home: Himalayas to China.
Kobresia esbirajbhandarii Rajbh. & H.Ohba : Home: Nepal.
Kobresia esenbeckii (Kunth) Noltie : Home: Himalayas to China.
Kobresia falcata F.T.Wang & Tang ex PCLi : Home: Sichuan and Gansu.
Kobresia filicina (CBClarke) CBClarke : Home: Himalayas to China.
Kobresia filifolia (Turcz.) CBClarke : Home: Siberia to northern China.
Kobresia fissiglumis C.B.Clarke : home: Himalayas to Yunnan.
Kobresia fragilis C.B.Clarke : Home: Nepal to China.
Kobresia gammiei C.B.Clarke : home: Himalayas to Tibet.
Kobresia gandakiensis Rajbh. & H.Ohba : Home: Nepal to Sikkim.
Kobresia graminifolia C.B. Clarke : Home: Nepal to China.
Kobresia harae Rajbh. & H.Ohba : Home: Nepal to northern Sikkim.
Kobresia hohxilensis R.F.Huang : home: Tibet to Gansu.
Kobresia humilis (CAMey. Ex Trautv.) Serg. : Home: Caucasus to Mongolia and Himalayas.
Kobresia inflata P.C.Li : Home: Bhutan to Yunnan.
Kobresia kanaii Rajbh. & H.Ohba : Home: Nepal to Sikkim.
Kobresia kansuensis chick. : Home: Nepal to China.
Kobresia karakorumensis Dickoré : Home: Pakistan, Afghanistan, Himalayas, Tajikistan, Tibet and China.
Kobresia kobresioidea (Kük.) J. Kern : Origin : Northern Sumatra.

Kobresia kuekenthaliana Hand.-Mazz. : Home: Southern Sichuan.

Kobresia laxa Nees : Home: Afghanistan to the Himalayas.

Kobresia littledalei C.B. Clarke : Home: Tibet to Sichuan.

Kobresia loliacea F.T.Wang & Tang ex PCLi : Home: Arunachal Pradesh to China.

Kobresia macrantha Boeckeler : Home: Himalayas to China.

Kobresia macrolepis Meinsh. : Home: Caucasus and southern Siberia to Afghanistan and northern China.

Kobresia mallae Rajbh. & H.Ohba : Home: Nepal.

Naked song ( Kobresia myosuroides (Vill.) Fiori )

Kobresia nepalensis (Nees) chick. : Home: Northern Pakistan to China.

Kobresia nitens C.B.Clarke : Home: Northern Pakistan to Nepal.

Kobresia prainii Kük. : Home: Himalayas to Tibet.

Kobresia pusilla N.A. Ivanova : Homeland: Pakistan, Afghanistan, Himalayas, Tajikistan, Tibet and China.

Kobresia pygmaea (CBClarke) CBClarke : Home: Pakistan to China.

Kobresia robusta Maxim. : Home: Mongolia to northern and western China.

Kobresia royleana (Nees) Boeckeler : Home: Afghanistan to Siberia and China.

Kobresia sanguinea ( Boott ) Raymond : Home: Eastern Afghanistan to the western Himalayas.

Kobresia schoenoides (CAMey.) Steud. : Home: Caucasus to China.

Kobresia setschwanensis Hand.-Mazz. : Home: Tibet and China.

Siberian scale sedge ( Kobresia sibirica (Turcz.) Boeckeler ): Home: Subarctic to the northwestern United States.
Kobresia sikkimensis chick. : Home: Nepal to Assam.
Two-part scallop sedge ( Kobresia simpliciuscula (Wahlenb.) Mack. )
Kobresia smirnovii N.A. Ivanova : Homeland: Subarctic to the northwestern United States.
Kobresia squamiformis Y.C.Yang : Home: Sikkim , Qinghai and Gansu .
Kobresia tibetica Maxim. : Home: Western and Central China.
Kobresia tunicata Hand .-- Mazz. : Home: Sichuan and Yunnan.
Kobresia uncinioides (Boott) CBClarke : Home: Nepal to China.
Kobresia vaginosa C.B.Clarke : home: Himalayas to Yunnan.
Kobresia vidua (Boott ex CBClarke) Kük. : Home: Himalayas to China.
Kobresia woodii Noltie : Origin: Bhutan to southern Tibet.
Kobresia yadongensis Y.C.Yang : Home: Southern Tibet.
Kobresia yangii S.R. Zhang : Home: Sichuan.

literature

Shuren R. Zhang: A preliminary revision of the supraspecific classification of Kobresia Willd. (Cyperaceae). In: Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , Volume 135, 2001, pp. 289-294.
Peter William Ball: Kobresia. , Pp. 252-253 - the same text online as the printed work , In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico. Volume 23: Magnoliophyta: Commelinidae (in part): Cyperaceae , Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford, 2002. ISBN 0-19-515207-7
Shuren Zhang, Henry J. Noltie: Kobresia. , Pp. 165-284 - the same text online as the printed work , Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (ed.): Flora of China. Volume 23: Acoraceae through Cyperaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, August 20, 2010. ISBN 978-1-930723-99-3

Individual evidence

^ Carl Ludwig Willdenow: Species Plantarum. Volume 4, 1, 1805, p. 205.
↑ Kobresia in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved July 25, 2014.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y Shuren Zhang, Henry J. Noltie: Kobresia. , Pp. 165-284 - the same text online as the printed work , Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (ed.): Flora of China. Volume 23: Acoraceae through Cyperaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, August 20, 2010. ISBN 978-1-930723-99-3
↑ Arthur Oliver Chater: Kobresia Willd. In Thomas Gaskell Tutin among others: Flora Europaea . Volume 5. Cambridge University Press, 1980, ISBN 0-521-20108-X , pp. 289-290.
↑ Wolfram Schultze Motel: Kobresia. In: Gustav Hegi : Illustrated flora of Central Europe . Volume II, Part 1, 3rd Edition. Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1967-1975, ISBN 3-489-54020-4 , pp. 92-96.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao ^ap ^aq ^ar ^as ^at ^au ^av ^aw ^ax ^ay ^az ^ba ^bb ^bc Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Kobresia. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved August 19, 2018.

Web links

Commons : Schuppenseggen ( Kobresia ) - Collection of images, videos and audio files

[Willdenow1805-1] Carl Ludwig Willdenow: Species Plantarum. Volume 4, 1, 1805, p. 205.

[GRIN-2] Kobresia in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved July 25, 2014.

[FoC-3] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y Shuren Zhang, Henry J. Noltie: Kobresia. , Pp. 165-284 - the same text online as the printed work , Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (ed.): Flora of China. Volume 23: Acoraceae through Cyperaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, August 20, 2010. ISBN 978-1-930723-99-3

[Tutin1980-4] Arthur Oliver Chater: Kobresia Willd. In Thomas Gaskell Tutin among others: Flora Europaea . Volume 5. Cambridge University Press, 1980, ISBN 0-521-20108-X , pp. 289-290.

[Hegi-5] Wolfram Schultze Motel: Kobresia. In: Gustav Hegi : Illustrated flora of Central Europe . Volume II, Part 1, 3rd Edition. Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1967-1975, ISBN 3-489-54020-4 , pp. 92-96.

[WCSP-6] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao ^ap ^aq ^ar ^as ^at ^au ^av ^aw ^ax ^ay ^az ^ba ^bb ^bc Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Kobresia. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved August 19, 2018.