Nafri

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

NAFRI is an internal working designation of the police North Rhine-Westphalia for " N ord afri kaner" or " N ord afr ikanischer I ntensivtäter". It is an abbreviation that is used within the police, for example in radio communications . In addition, the term received public and media attention after the incidents on New Year's Eve in Cologne in 2015/16 and 2016/17 and has been controversial since then.

Police name

A clear and official definition for Nafri does not exist. According to the Cologne Police President Jürgen Mathies , the term has been used internally by the authorities for North African intensive offenders since 2013 . The Rheinische Post , according to the police taught in Dusseldorf and Cologne in 2014 unofficial working groups to document crime of unaccompanied men from the North African region. The expression "Nafri perpetrator" has established itself. In March 2014 the Cologne city administration described the project as "NAFRI - Criminals from North African States".

The name became public after the 2015/2016 New Year's Eve in Cologne and was then adopted by the media. In January 2016, the parliamentary groups of the SPD , CDU , Bündnis 90 / Greens and FDP applied to the state parliament to set up a committee of inquiry for New Year's Eve 2015/2016. The project and the special commission "NAFRI" were named in the application.

According to press reports at the beginning of 2017, the State Criminal Police Office of North Rhine-Westphalia defined the “North African phenomenon (NAFRI)” in a classified document (VS-NfD) as follows:

Other authorities such as the Berlin Police do not use the term. Instead, regional names such as Maghreb are used or it is spoken of "southern appearance". The Federal Ministry of the Interior also announced that the word was not an official language regulation or an official term that they would use.

Controversy

The name became publicly known through a tweet by the Cologne police on New Year's Eve 2016/2017 about its use at Cologne Central Station ("Several hundred Nafris are currently being checked at the main station . More information will follow"). This sparked a political discussion. Simone Peter , one of the two Greens' chairmen, called the term "completely unacceptable" as it was a derogatory group name. The green mayor of Tübingen , Boris Palmer , found the official external use of the internal expression inappropriate, but, unlike Peter, defended the police operation.

According to Jürgen Mathies, Nafri is an internal police expression for North African intensive offenders . According to Mathies, on New Year's Eve it was not about the appearance of people, but about their aggressive behavior. Deviating from this, however, an article by Zeit Online reported that there was “a definition in circulation” according to which the word “should only describe an ethnic affiliation - that is, North Africans, regardless of a possible criminal offense.” A police spokesman at Spiegel Online quoted. The chairman of the German Police Union in the DBB (DPolG) , Ernst G. Walter, also stated that "Nafri" stands for North African intensive offenders . This does not mean all people from North Africa across the board: "If a North African person is suspected of committing a crime, he is a 'Nafri'." At the same time, he explained that the term should be understood neither racist nor as a swear word . Thomas Wüppesahl , spokesman for the Federal Working Group of Critical Police Officers , said it was an abbreviation typical of the authorities.

In order to use the term positively, the children's book author Nadia Doukali has legally protected Nafri as a trademark .

The Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection criticized the use of this expression. The linguist and spokeswoman for the jury of the language-critical campaign Unwort des Jahres, Nina Janich , said that using the abbreviation “to communicate quickly” was first of all “technical language or a special type of internal communication ”. In the case of media use, when it comes to refugees in general, such use could be problematic and meet the criteria for the bad word of the year . The linguist Anatol Stefanowitsch argued a. a. that the police initially created the term "because they needed a name for a specific group of people who have committed repeated offenses." This intention should not be condemned. However, as soon as the term became public, "its meaning development takes on a life of its own". In this case, "an ambiguity quickly developed between people and offenders from a certain geographical region", which could potentially trigger or reinforce racist ways of thinking and acting. In addition, a broad and heterogeneous group of people was summarized, which is primarily characterized by "not being white."

There was also a discussion about racial profiling , since the police intercepted and controlled men from the “wanted clientele”. According to the police, these were almost exclusively people from the Maghreb and other Arab countries. Criticism of the selection of people was countered by the fact that one knew what a "Nafri" looked like. Two weeks later, the Cologne police corrected their information. According to initial results, the majority of the men examined are citizens of Iraq , Syria and Afghanistan and only a small proportion are from North African countries. A provisional nationality has now been determined for 425 of the 674 people: 99 Iraqis, 94 Syrians, 48 ​​Afghans, 46 Germans and 30 North Africans.

The Federal Minister of Transport Alexander Dobrindt continued the public discussion about the term Nafri by telling the Passauer Neue Presse : "People want clear answers to the question of how the state can best ensure their safety and protect them, for example, from Nafris", and It received massive criticism from the SPD , the Greens and the left .

The analysis of data from Lower Saxony published in 2018 showed that while North Africans accounted for only 0.9% of all refugees, they were responsible for 17.1% of violent crime by refugees; in the case of robbery, the rate was even 31%. Study director Christian Pfeiffer attributes this disproportionate crime rate to their lack of prospects to stay: "They found out soon after their arrival that they were not wanted here, that they would not receive a work permit and that they had to return to their home country."

Web links

Wiktionary: Nafri  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Discussion about “Nafri”: This is what the abbreviations used by the police mean. In: Augsburger Allgemeine . 4th January 2016.
  2. ↑ Racism Debate: He said “Nafri”. In: RP online, January 10, 2017, accessed January 13, 2017.
  3. ↑ Transport Minister Dobrindt receives criticism for "Nafris". In: Die Welt , January 5, 2017.
  4. ↑ Nafri, Spusi, Limo and Co. - that's the police's secret language. In: BZ, January 2, 2017.
  5. ↑ Strong criticism of Dobrindt because of the abbreviation "Nafris". In: FAZ , January 5, 2017.
  6. ↑ New Year's Eve in Cologne - a low point in terms of security policy. In: rp-online.de. December 28, 2016, accessed January 2, 2017 .
  7. ↑ Annual statistical report of the Immigration Office 2013 of the City of Cologne. In: politik-bei-uns.de. March 31, 2014, accessed January 3, 2017.
  8. ↑ a b "Nafri is a working term within the police". In: welt.de. January 2, 2017, accessed January 2, 2017 .
  9. ↑ Anant Agarwala: Cologne's tough fight against the "Nafri" criminals. In: zeit.de, January 15, 2016, accessed on January 3, 2017.
  10. ^ A b Violent political dispute over the "Nafris" tweet from the Cologne police. In: FAZ.net. January 2, 2017, accessed January 2, 2017 .
  11. ↑ Jörg Löbker: Crime scene main station: homeless person stolen from Nafri thief. In: Bild Düsseldorf. March 31, 2016, accessed January 3, 2017 .
  12. ↑ "Nafris were a problem even before that". In: Welt Online . September 8, 2016, accessed January 3, 2017 .
  13. ↑ Frank Lehmkuhl: Terrifying police statistics: 3863 proceedings in North Rhine-Westphalia: That's how big the problem with "Nafris" really is. In: Focus Online. February 17, 2016, accessed January 3, 2017 .
  14. ↑ Print 16/10798 of the NRW state parliament. (PDF; 299 kB) January 19, 2016, pp. 3, 8 and 11; accessed on January 2, 2017.
  15. ^ Anna Kröning: Cologne New Year's Eve: “Young and aggressive”? What is behind the word "Nafri". In: World / N24. January 2, 2017, accessed January 2, 2017 .
  16. ↑ Note: Syria and Lebanon are geographically Asian states, cf. also Middle East .
  17. ↑ Cologne police want to continue to say "Nafri". In: Tagesspiegel.de, January 3, 2017, accessed on January 13, 2017.
  18. ↑ Cologne deployment: Federal Ministry of the Interior criticizes the term “Nafris”. In: Weserkurier, January 2, 2017, accessed on January 13, 2017.
  19. ↑ Green leader Peter criticizes police after deployment. In: stuttgarter-nachrichten.de. January 2, 2017, accessed January 2, 2017 .
  20. ↑ Repetition of the offenses prevented? (No longer available online.) In: wdr.de. January 1, 2017, archived from the original on February 15, 2017 ; accessed on January 2, 2017 .
  21. ↑ (dpa): Police: "Nafri": A term brings the police into need of explanation. (Not available online.) In: zeit.de . January 3, 2017, archived from the original on October 4, 2017 ; accessed on January 4, 2017 .
  22. ↑ Police representative: "Nafri" neither racist nor sweary word . ( Memento of the original from January 4, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Deutschlandfunk , January 2, 2017. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.deutschlandfunk.de
  23. ↑ Frankfurter wants to use the term positively, children's book author Nadia Doukali has “Nafri” legally protected . Frankfurter Neue Presse , January 10, 2017; accessed on December 22, 2017
  24. ↑ Interior Ministry criticizes “Nafri” term. ( Memento of the original from January 2, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: heute.de, January 2, 2017. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.heute.de
  25. ↑ Nina Janich: "Nafri could meet our criteria". Interview on the bad word of the year. (No longer available online.) In: hessenschau.de . January 9, 2017, archived from the original on January 16, 2017 ; accessed on January 25, 2019 .
  26. ↑ Anatol Stefanovich : NAFRIS sprachlog.de , January 3, 2017; accessed on January 16, 2017
  27. ^ Criticism of the police operation in Cologne continues. Zeit Online , January 1, 2017.
  28. ↑ What is a “Nafri”? In: Spiegel Online . January 1, 2017, accessed January 2, 2017 .
  29. ↑ Police correct their own information - hardly any North Africans checked. In: Spiegel Online , January 13, 2017.
  30. ↑ Linke calls Dobrindt "racist agitators" . In: Passauer Neue Presse . ( pnp.de [accessed April 8, 2017]).
  31. ↑ Central findings of an expert opinion (PDF) on behalf of the Federal Ministry for Family, Seniors, Women and Youth (BMFSFJ)