Nathrath
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Nathrath
City of Wuppertal
Coordinates: 51 ° 14 ′ 16 ″ N , 7 ° 4 ′ 36 ″ E
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| Height : | approx. 180 m above sea level NHN | |
Location of Nathrath in Wuppertal |
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The location of Nathrath in the Tesche residential area in the Vohwinkel district of Wuppertal goes back to an old place name. There is no evidence of historical building fabric older than towards the end of the 19th century.
location
The place is halfway up a limestone stock with a steep slope towards the southeast to the Vohwinkeler depression .
etymology
The origin of the name component ' -rath ' goes back to a clearing according to general opinion . These places with the suffix -rath were founded in the 10th to 13th centuries, the time of the Frankish conquest .
The other part of the name 'Nath' is interpreted as the north direction . Another interpretation is 'wet clearing'.
history
The old place name Nathrath was first mentioned around 1430 as 'to Nortrade'. According to this, Nathrath was awarded as a fiefdom and as 'Nordroede' in Parrochina ( parish ) Sonnborn . guided.
Another mention of 'Nordrath' can be found in a document dated September 29, 1576, which is in the possession of the Sonnborn parish archives. In 1677 six individual estates are listed.
In the map series Topographia Ducatus Montani by Erich Philipp Ploennies from 1715, the place with the name 'Nodort' is shown.
On a map from 1824 the place appears as 'Natrat'. There a path is drawn from the break to the north in a northerly direction, which forks in two directions north of Nathrath. One path ran in a north-westerly direction to the location In den Teschen (also Tesche) and a second in a north-easterly direction to the Lüntenbeck House (now known as Lüntenbeck Castle). Around 1830 twelve different possessions and farms are recorded.
On the later map from 1843 the place appears as a small scattered settlement under the name 'Nathrath'. Immediately below the settlement that emerged around this time railway Dusseldorf-Elberfeld the Dusseldorf-Elberfeld Railway Company . A path coming from Nathrath leads east in the direction of Thurn . At the same time, Nathrath is accessed from the west, by today's Bahnstraße, with a path (today's Tescher Straße). Another path leads to the southwest to the new center of the later municipality of Vohwinkel, the train station.
By 1892 at the latest, the railway line, which is now operated by the Bergisch-Märkische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft , was bridged to the southeast (today's Herderstrasse bridge). At the same time the first engine sheds were built . In 1908 the new Vohwinkel station , southwest of Nathrath, went into operation. In the course of time, the Vohwinkel depot was established and continuously expanded here. At this time, the connecting curve of the railway, east of Nathrath, to the Düsseldorf-Derendorf-Dortmund Süd railway line (Rhenish line, now known as the Wuppertaler Nordbahn), was created.
To the west of Nathrath and north of the depot, a number of railway houses were built at the end of the 19th century. This settlement was popularly nicknamed 'Qualmhausen' because the steam locomotives were under steam almost around the clock. The construction of a smoke evacuation system with a chimney in 1908 relieved the situation in the settlement.
In 1971 the depot was assigned to the Steinbeck depot and completely dismantled from the 1980s. From the 1980s and 1990s, the use of the place name Nathrath ceases and is increasingly replaced by Tesche.
Archaeological site
An archaeological find was made in 1965 during excavation work for houses on Nathrather Strasse . Probably the five eight-story and nine two-story residential buildings, formerly Nathrather Strasse, now Kortensbusch, are meant here. The houses Kortensbusch 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 (high-rise buildings) as well as Kortensbusch 11-15, 17-21 and 23-27 (row houses) were built in 1965/1966 under the supervision of the architect Artur Mohr.
During civil engineering work, relatively well-preserved medieval skeleton graves were found, one of which could be examined more closely. The investigation was extended to the neighboring area in 1966. A clearing excavator was used due to a lack of manpower. During this investigation, 15 graves were uncovered, the narrow pits of which were rectangular with rounded corners. Filled with humus rich sand they were mixed lime grus . Stone changes were found in graves 7 and 14. In the skeleton in grave 14, a stone could be identified as a neck support. The skeletons faced east with the skull facing west. The arms were stretched alongside the body.
According to reports from the population, skeletal remains had been found in the vicinity as early as 1904 and 1906 during road and railroad construction. For example in the allotment gardens between Nathrather Straße and the railway line, south of the 1965 site. It was concluded that the burial ground could have been larger.
Dating finds were not discovered in this burial ground. Comparisons were drawn about a similar grave field from Iversheim in the Euskirchen district, without any additions . A Franconian burial ground from the 6th to 7th centuries was concluded there.
The bone finds were long thought to be lost, but they were rediscovered in 2016 in a camp of the Bergisches Geschichtsverein , albeit in a partially destroyed state. The Wuppertal archaeologist Jörg Scheidt carried out investigations.
Today's street
Nathrather Strasse was named after this location on September 20, 1888. It branches off to the east from Bahnstraße and runs in a large arc after about 1.2 kilometers back towards Bahnstraße. At the eastern point of the road, the location Nathrath is touched, here the road Kortensbusch branches off in an easterly direction.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Bonner Jahrbücher, Volume 168, 1968
- ↑ a b c d e Wolfgang Stock: Wuppertal street names . Thales Verlag, Essen-Werden 2002, ISBN 3-88908-481-8
- ↑ Place names in Vohwinkel on the historical Vohwinkel, accessed March 2011
- ↑ a b c d e f Wilfried Heimes : The beginnings of the district Sonnborn in the Bergisches Land and their development, 1961
- ^ A b Threads, colors, water, steam - the industrial age in Wuppertal, Route 10 , 2010
- ^ A b Ruth Meyer-Kahrweg Architects, civil engineers, builders, property developers and their buildings in Wuppertal 2003, ISBN 3-928441-52-3
- ↑ Eike Birkmeier: Old bones should reveal details about Vohwinkel's story. In: Westdeutsche Zeitung from February 19, 2017.