Niendorf harbor
| Niendorf harbor | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Data | |||
| start of building | 1920 | ||
| Port type | Fishing port and marina | ||
| Geographic information | |||
| place | Niendorf (Timmendorfer Strand) | ||
| country | Schleswig-Holstein | ||
| Country | Germany | ||
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| Coordinates | 53 ° 59 '37 " N , 10 ° 48' 39" E | ||
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The Niendorfer Hafen is located in the Niendorf district of the municipality of Timmendorfer Strand . It is located at the mouth of the Aalbek in the Lübeck Bay of the Baltic Sea .
history
At the beginning of the 20th century, the fishermen settled in Niendorf pulled their small boats onto the beach and anchored larger ones in the water. The fish were processed on land and the nets were placed on racks to dry. Niendorf was a popular seaside resort at the beginning of the 20th century. The bathers came to Niendorf to lie in the sun on the beach and to bathe in the Baltic Sea. The bathing resort became known for its wide, fine bathing beach. Over time, tourism became more important to the place than fishing. The fishing gave Niendorf an original atmosphere and authentic flair, but it also led to conflicts. The beach used by fishermen to land their boats, sell their catches and, above all, to dry their nets led to rather unpleasant smells, especially in summer. The district administration in Eutin decided to ban fishing from the beach. Against this, however, successful resistance was organized. The decision was made to build a port that would also offer space for sailing boats and thus increase the attractiveness of Niendorf.
The Niendorfer Hafen was artificially created in the years 1920-22 by widening the Aalbek. The estimated costs of 700,000 marks in 1909 amounted to around 14.7 million RM (1922) due to inflation. Due to these additional costs, the port was never built as planned. The harbor walls were not built with sheet piling , but with the help of fascines . The port was designed for a capacity of 15 motor boats.
A bascule bridge was initially planned in the area of the old customs house , but it could not be implemented. Since there was no bridge to cross the harbor basin, the harbor master put the pedestrians across. He did this until the early 1970s. Today, ferry operations only take place at special harbor festivals. The ferry line is already shown in the draft sketch for the winter protection harbor basin (1st partial expansion April 25, 1947).
After the Second World War , displaced persons and refugees from East and West Prussia, including 30 fishing families, were housed in Niendorf, for whom the so-called “fishing settlement” was built in 1954 on the outskirts of Niendorf.
In 1948 the harbor basin of the Niendorfer Yacht Club (NYC) was laid out (see also the draft of the winter protection harbor basin ). In 1968, 1970 and 1977 the sheet pile walls were renewed and the inner harbor basin enlarged.
The Kurpark An der Acht is located on the west side of the harbor and is a remnant of the former Aalbek estuary. The freshwater pond created in the park was shaped like an 8, giving the park its name. The pond is fed by an artesian well . The park was also called Seewäldchen by the people of Niendorf .
The port ownership was transferred from the district to the municipality of Timmendorfer Strand in 1992 . In 1994–96 the harbor basin of the sailing club Niendorf / Ostsee (SVNO) as well as the clubhouse and restaurant ( Altes Zollhaus ) were built, which replaced the former customs house, a small building for customs clearance. The port of Niendorf was completely renovated in winter 2005/2006.
In the course of flood protection, the Niendorf harbor was rebuilt and redesigned. In some cases, new EU directives were also implemented, which met with much criticism. So the individual fish stalls gave way to newer ones made of plastic. The community is also planning a renovation in which some older buildings will be redesigned. This means that there would be almost no old building fabric left. The port renewal and dike protection measures, financed by the municipality, the state and the EU, cost around 5.5 million euros.
The removal of the recurring silting in the area of the port exit devoured immense sums of money in the more than 80 years of the port's existence. The high cost of dredging the fairway was one of the reasons for abandoning shipbuilding at the Evers shipyard .
Before the port there is a small bay , the name Bay of Pigs carries and is changed again by the annual dredging in extent.
Unrealized plans for a naval base
The course of the Aalbek from the Hemmelsdorfer See was to serve as a haven for French warships in 1810, when Napoleon I's troops had also occupied Niendorf (see Lübeck's French period ). The Bay of Lübeck, the mouth of the Trave, the area around the Hemmelsdorfer See and the Aalbeck were carefully surveyed by the French and documented in a survey map, which is still in a well-preserved condition (a section of the map, see). However, the port was never realized.
In the Third Reich , the lake was supposed to serve as a submarine port, including a flying boat port . Four steel wire bollards sunk in the lake are located in the western part of the Flachsee (the northern part of the lake). This planning was not carried out either. (See main article Hemmelsdorfer See )
In 2006 the foundations of anti-tank barriers on the lock bridge were exposed.
economy
In addition to the fishing and the Evers shipyard , the appearance of the Niendorf harbor has changed significantly in recent years. Pleasure boats dominate the port today. In addition to a wooden boat building, the harbor is livened up by a sailing school. Several catering establishments have settled in the old buildings. Also centrally located is a harbor pottery and the painter Reinhold Liebe, who has his studio here. Another starting point is the Cafe Strandvilla, one of the last Wilhelminian style villas in direct beach and harbor location with an elevated wooden terrace and harbor view on one side and wooden deck and Baltic Sea view on the other.
The fishing
In Niendorf, fishing has a tradition that goes back to the 18th century. After the end of the Second World War , the Niendorfer fishery experienced an unprecedented high with 140 fishing cutters (15 of them deep-sea cutters and ten refugee fishing families). Around 175 people earned their living with it in 1951. At that time around 5000 tons of fish were landed annually. In the following years, however, the catches fell. Some of the refugee fishermen emigrated or gave up.
The biggest slump occurred in the early 1990s with the introduction of fishing quotas in the Baltic Sea: today, around 20 Niendorf fishermen land only around 100 tons of fish every year: 60% cod, 10% herring, the rest are flatfish , sprat and eel , Salmon and other bycatch.
The Evers shipyard
The history of the Evers shipyard began in 1923 when the boat builder Ernst Evers leased a small part of the port area and repaired wooden boats in a shed. The company grew due to orders from the Navy . In 1942, 14 fishing trawlers and excursion boats were converted into coastal protection boats and sent to the Black Sea with a crew of two .
After the war Evers was initially forced by the poor economic situation to build kitchen cabinets for the more than 2000 refugee families who lived in Niendorf u. a. stayed in hotels and pensions. In the following years the shipyard flourished again thanks to orders from the German Navy . The wooden mine sweepers were regularly overhauled here.
Since the navy had its mine sweepers built from different materials from the end of the 1970s, the shipyard switched. The area was converted into a modern marina with 70 berths, the halls into warehouses for pleasure boats. A sailing school (skipper) and a specialist for boat engines also settled on the site.
Passenger shipping
The first shipping line to regularly serve Niendorf began operations in 1876. It operated between Neustadt in Holstein and Lübeck . After Travemünde was connected to the railway network, the operation was no longer worthwhile. It was therefore discontinued in 1882. It took 18 years until the next ship connection. From 1900 to 1928 another passenger ship called at Niendorf, from 1909 it unloaded its guests at the then newly built jetty . After Timmendorfer Strand received a railway connection in 1928, this connection was also discontinued. From around 1930 there were small ships and boats that offered excursions to summer visitors. These offers were retained even after the war.
Among other things, the Niendorf original "Uncle Charly" also offered its services to holidaymakers with its sailing boat . (The wood sculptor Wolfgang Gerdhagen put a monument to him in the harbor. He also created the two wooden figures, The Caller and The Listener in the area of the Old Customs House .)
Passenger rides experienced a new heyday when, in the 1970s, so-called butter rides were also offered in addition to excursions . The ships drove outside the 3-mile zone in order to offer duty-free shopping. At the end of the 1990s, such journeys ended when the EU lifted customs barriers. Today six excursion boats are going to baths in the Bay of Lübeck and as far as Mecklenburg at normal prices . Burial at sea has developed rapidly in recent years .
Niendorfer boat building
The Niendorfer Bootsbauerei has been based in the harbor since 1994. It belongs to Ulrich Schütte, who specializes in traditional wooden boat construction, but also repairs GRP boats. Despite its small size, it even receives orders from Scandinavia . In addition, the company has specialized in the construction of wooden poles in recent years.
Yacht clubs
The Niendorf harbor is home to two yacht clubs and a dinghy station. The Niendorfer Yacht Club (NYC) was founded in 1913 under the name "Altonaer Jacht-Club (AJC)". Due to the outbreak of the First World War and the inflation after the end of the war, the club was only able to start operations in 1924. In 1934 the AJC was renamed "Niendorfer Yacht-Club eV". Since 1948 the club has had its own harbor basin on the west side of the harbor , which is shown in the sketch "Winter protection harbor basin , 1st partial expansion April 25, 1947". With the construction of the dinghy station in the area of the strip of land at the pier on the north side of the port, the club expanded its sporting activities. The club gained its sporting importance by hosting the “Niendorfer Einmannjolle” regatta in the Finn dinghy class for the 1964 Olympic Games in Japan and for a number of German and European championships.
The sailing club Niendorf / Ostsee (SVNO) with 60 berths is now on the north side of the port. It was originally located on the south side of Niendorf Harbor in 1974 through the efforts of the then harbor master Eddie Stop. Since 1996 he has had his own club house, the old customs house .
On the dinghy station on the north side of the port, a separate sailing community dinghy station (SGJ) has been set up, which is separate from the Niendorfer Yacht Club (NYC) .
Cultural
Every year in August the “Niendorfer Hafentage” takes place, at the beginning of December “Fischers Wiehnacht” is celebrated. Many famous gaff sailors like the “Krik Vig” and the “Norden” come to “Fischer's Wiehnacht”.
During the summer months, events of the Schleswig-Holstein music festival , the port concert of the NDR , various port festivals and - since 2012 - the renowned Jazz Baltica festival take place in the large hall of the Evers shipyard .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b www.niendorf-ostsee.de ( Memento of the original from December 13, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Chronicle Niendorf / Baltic Sea
- ↑ a b c d www.nyc-ev.de , short chronicle of the Niendorfer Yacht-Club eV
- ^ A b Historical development of Timmendorfer Strand ( Memento from April 1, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), Historical development of Timmendorfer Strand
- ↑ a b Chronicle of the Timmendorfer Strand spa community, For the centenary 1965, Second expanded edition 1979
- ↑ a b Internet pages of the sailing club Niendorf / Ostsee , SVNO - history of the club
- ^ Georg Schipporeit: Timmendorfer Strand and Niendorf / Ostsee, Verlag Gronenberg, Wiehl 2002, ISBN 3-88265-234-9
- ↑ www.niendorfer-fischereihafen.de , the fishery in Niendorf.
- ↑ www.niendorfer-fischereihafen.de , the Evers shipyard
- ↑ www.evers-werft.de , Evers-Werft, historical photos of the Niendorf harbor
- ↑ www.sgj-niendorf.de , SGJ - Directions
