Nikolai Petrovich Gorbunov

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Nikolai Petrovich Gorbunow (1936)

Nikolai Gorbunov ( Russian Николай Петрович Горбунов ; born June 9 . Jul / 21st June  1892 greg. In Krasnoye Selo , †  7. September 1938 in Moscow ) was a Soviet chemist , politicians and at times personal secretary Lenin .

Life

Gorbunov, the son of an engineer , graduated from the Petrograd Technological Institute in 1917. In August 1917, he joined the Social Democratic Workers' Party of Russia (Bolsheviks) and headed the information office of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee . After the October Revolution he was secretary of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR and personal secretary of Lenin from November 1917 to December 1920 . In addition, he was from 1918 to 1919 chairman of the college of the scientific and technical department of the Supreme Council for Economics of the RSFSR.

In the Russian Civil War , Gorbunov was from July to September 1919 the commissioner of the Revolutionary War Council of the RSFSR in the 14th and 13th armies of the southern front of the Red Army . From 1919 to 1920 he was chief of the political department of the 14th Army. From June to December 1920 he was successively a member of the Revolutionary War Council of the 14th and 13th Armies and the 2nd Cavalry Army. He received the Order of the Red Banner .

Gorbunov was the first secretary of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR from 1923 to December 1930 . In addition, from 1923 to 1929 he was rector of the Moscow Technical University named after Nikolai Bauman . From 1928 to 1932 he was chairman of the scientific commission of the committee for chemical industrialization. From 1929 to 1930 he was Vice President of the All-Russian Lenin Academy of Agriculture .

In 1928 Gorbunow led a German-Soviet Alai-Pamir expedition with Willi Rickmer Rickmers , Evgeni Abalakow , Nikolai Krylenko and Otto Schmidt , and in 1933 the first ascent of Stalin Peak, during which he collapsed shortly before the summit and suffered severe frostbite.

1930 to 1932 Gorbunow was vice director of the Karpov Institute for Chemistry. From 1931 to 1934 he was a member of the Gosplan of the USSR.

From 1935 Nikolai Gorbunow was secretary and full member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR as successor to Vyacheslav Volgin . Gorbunov's successor was Nikolai Brujewitsch .

On February 19, 1938, Gorbunov was arrested in the course of the Stalinist purges and sentenced to death on September 7, 1938 and shot in the building of the Military College of the Supreme Court of the USSR . On March 13, 1954, he was rehabilitated. In 2001 a memorial plaque was placed in the columbarium of the Novodevichy cemetery .

Gorbunov was married to Margarita Alexandrovna Smolyaninova, who was arrested at the same time as her husband in 1938, but was later released. Their son Andrei (1921–2003) was a nuclear physicist .

A meteorological observatory on Fedchenko glacier bears Gorbunov's name.

Works

  • Lenin: Memories of a Secretary of the Council of People's Commissars

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Great Soviet Encyclopedia : Gorbunov, Nikolai Petrovich (accessed May 14, 2019).
  2. ↑ Немеркнущие годы - Н. Горбунов КАК СОЗДАВАЛСЯ РАБОЧИЙ АППАРАТ СНК (accessed May 14, 2019).
  3. ↑ У Абалакова пытались украсть победу . In: Красноярский комсомолец . No. 38 , September 24, 2003 ( stolby.ru [accessed May 14, 2019]).
  4. ↑ Russian Geographical Society : ПЕРВОВОСХОЖДЕНИЕ НА ПИК СТАЛИНА (accessed May 14, 2019).
  5. ↑ Russian Academy of Sciences: Горбунов Николай Петрович (accessed May 14, 2019).
  6. ↑ Космический мемориал: А. Н. Горбунов (accessed May 14, 2019).
  7. ↑ высочайшая в мире гидро-гляцио-метеорологическая обсерватория на леднике Федченко (accessed May 14, 2019).
personal data
SURNAME Gorbunov, Nikolai Petrovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Горбунов, Николай Петрович (Russian spelling)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION soviet politician
DATE OF BIRTH June 21, 1892
PLACE OF BIRTH Krasnoye Selo
DATE OF DEATH September 7, 1938
Place of death Moscow