Nikolaikirche (Flensburg)

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Nikolaikirche on Südermarkt , where a Christmas market takes place
Aerial photo of St. Nikolai Church ( cultural monument ) on Südermarkt or Nikolaikirchhof 8 in Flensburg's old town (photo 2012)

The St. Nikolai Church (Danish: Nikolaikirken ; Low German Nikolaienkark ) is the largest main church in Flensburg (Nikolaikirchhof 8). It borders directly on Südermarkt , the center of the youngest of the four original Flensburg settlement centers.

Building description

The Gothic hall church is dedicated to St. Nicholas . The church interior is a three-aisled stepped hall, the construction of which began around 1390 and was continued to the east around 1440 - over a previous building that was built before 1332. The 52 meter long and 21 meter wide structure faces east. The side aisles are separated from the central building by six pairs of mighty round brick pillars, which lead the view to the altar. At first it appears to the viewer as if there were still a transept in front of the steps of the chancel, but actually only the distance between the pillars increases. The four rear vaulted bays (1st construction phase 1390 to 1440) are shorter than the later ones (1440 to 1480). Above the sanctuary and the free space in front of its steps, the vault is almost square, the last yoke is shortened again. The ridge of the structure is at a height of 40 meters. At 90 m, the church tower is one of the highest in Schleswig-Holstein and the highest in the city of Flensburg. The neo-Gothic tower tower was built after the old Gothic spire was destroyed by a lightning strike in 1878. Since 1878 there have been three steel bells of the Bochum Association in the tower, which replaced the bells from 1871 (bell founder Jauck in Leipzig) that melted in the tower fire. In addition, since 1909 there has been a carillon in the tower made of 17 bells, which were cast by M & O Ohlsson in Lübeck . The forecast for should call the church bells of St. Nikolai "Mayor and Council". The Flensburg town hall is very close.

  • Church mouse of St. Nikolai on a rain gutter

  • The Nikolaikirche in the 16th century, with the old tower

  • The Nikolaikirche (2015)

Furnishing

altar

The altar was donated in 1749 by Margarethe Cäcilie Valentiner, the widow of Wilhelm Valentiner. The main picture by an unknown artist shows the resurrection, the picture below shows the Last Supper. The altar is a rare example of the shift from late baroque to rococo . Life-size virtues (faith and hope) flank a resurrection of B.Nolde framed by gigantic twisted columns, which are crowned with ornamental beams and - asymmetrically arranged - trumpet angels, putti and rocaille .

Fifth of the bronze baptism depicting the mercy seat

Baptismal font

The bronze baptismal font was cast in Flensburg at the end of the 15th century. There are comparable baptismal fonts in the Marienkirche in Flensburg , the St. Nicolai Church in Eckernförde and the Marienkirche in Hadersleben .

Organs

View through the main nave to the organ
Rückpositiv with rich Renaissance jewelry

St. Nikolai has a "double organ" on the singing gallery, which is unique in the world in this form. It consists of two stylistic instruments that were created by the Marburg organ builder Gerald Woehl between 1997 and 2009 : the Schnitger organ is located in the historic case , with the symphonic organ behind it .

History of the organ

The origins of the Schnitger organ go back to the beginning of the 17th century. On behalf of the Danish King Christian IV , Nikolaus Maaß , court organ builder in Copenhagen, built an organ between 1604 and 1609. From 1707 to 1709, Arp Schnitger converted and expanded the Maaß organ into a baroque organ. After the fire in the tower in 1877, the Aabenraa organ building company Marcussen & Søn expanded the instrument for symphonic music in 1878, in line with the sound perception of the Romantic era. From 1869 to 1916 Emil Fromm was organist at St. Nikolai. A memorial plaque in the church commemorates him.

The instrument underwent lasting changes in 1920, when the organ building company Sauer converted the instrument into a large, pneumatic organ that no longer adhered to the architecture and dimensions of the old case, but went beyond that. After further renovations and enlargements in 1938 and 1958, it became clear in the 1990s that a fundamental renovation could not be postponed.

brochure

The instrument was in a magnificently carved and painted renaissance - organ housed in the years 1604 to 1609 by the carver Henry Ringerink was manufactured.

Until the singing gallery was built, the organ hung on the west wall as a swallow's nest organ . The main work was located in the upper part of the prospectus, divided by pipe towers, on the gables of which stands a figure of the risen Christ in the center, with a trumpet angel on each side. There are still three large-format paintings from the original double doors in front of the main work. The two parts of the Rückpositiv , each of which consist of 3-tiered pipe towers, are embedded in the balustrade of the gallery . On them are two coats of arms (of the Danish King Christian IV and his wife Anna Catharina), which are held by angels. The nine muses and the psalmist King David can be seen in the niches of the parapets.

Between 1997 and 2004 the prospectus was restored. The original color version from 1609 was restored.

Schnitger organ

In the historical case, the sound of the Schnitger organ has been reconstructed according to the disposition of 1707/1709. The instrument has a mechanical play action (hanging action) and mechanical coupling. The play system with three manuals and pedal is located on the main work case on the old Ringerink organ gallery, between the Rückpositiven and the main case.

I Rückpositiv CD – c 3
01. Principal 08th'
02. Quintadena 08th'
03. Dumped 08th'
04th Octav 04 ′
05. Floit 04 ′
06th Octav 02 ′
07th Sexquialtera II0
08th. Mixture V-VI
09. Dulcian 16 ′
10. Baarpfeife 08th'
Tremulant
II major work CD – c 3
11. Principal 16 ′
12. Drone 16 ′
13. Octav 08th'
14th Reed flute 08th'
15th Octav 04 ′
16. Nasat 03 ′
17th Great Octave0 02 ′
18th Mixture V – VII
19th Cimbel III
20th Drum up 16 ′
21st Drum up 08th'
22nd Vox humana 08th'
III breastwork CD – c 3
23. Fluit dues 08th'
24. Block floit 08th'
25th Octav 04 ′
26th Octav 02 ′
27. Sieflit 01 1 ⁄ 2  ′
28. Forest floit 02 ′
29 Rauschpfeife II0
30th Sharp IV
31. Dulcian 08th'
32. Crumphorn 08th'
Tremulant
Pedal CD – d 1
33. Pedestal 16 ′
34. Octav 08th'
35. Octav 04 ′
36. Rauschpfeife II0
37. Mixture V-VI
38. Night horn 02 ′
39. Trumpets 16 ′
40. Drum up 08th'
41. Schalmey 04 ′
42. Cornet 02 ′

Symphonic organ with remote control

In the background of the Schnitger organ stands the symphonic organ with its romantic sound. The instrument has a free-standing console (four manuals and pedal) on the singing gallery. The game actions (hanging action) and couplings are mechanical, the stop actions are electrical. The solo movement is located above the main case, the pipes of the tuba harmonique lie horizontally on the swell and are covered by the main case.

The swellable remote work is also played from the symphonic organ . It is located in the attic above the chancel (about 30 meters high), approx. 50 meters from the organ, the acoustic sound outlet openings are let in above the chancel on the right-hand side. The remote control system consists largely of historical material from 1920. At that time, the organ building company Sauer began building a remote control system, which was not completed in view of the inflation at the time, but was dismantled in the 1930s and stored for later completion. The remote work has risen from the existing wind chests and the pipework. It is played electrically (using fiber optic technology) from the symphonic organ.

I main work C – a 3
01. Principal 16 ′
02. Bourdon 16 ′
03. Octave 08th'
04th Reed flute 08th'
05. Flute harm. 08th'
06th Viol 08th'
07th Octave 04 ′
08th. Nasard 03 ′
09. Fifth 02 2 ⁄ 3  ′
10. Great Octave 0 02 ′
11. Large mixture VII-IX 0
12. Mixture V-VI 0
13. Cornet V 0
14th Trumpet 16 ′
15th Trumpet 08th'
16. Trumpets 08th'
17th Vox humana 08th'
II Positive C – a 3
18th Principal 08th'
19th Quintadena 08th'
20th Dumped 08th'
21st Octave 04 ′
22nd flute 04 ′
23. Octave 02 ′
24. Sesquialtera II 0 02 2 ⁄ 3  ′
25th Mixture VI – VIII
26th Dulcian 16 ′
27. Baarpfeife 08th'
Tremulant weak 0
III Swell C – a 3
28. Quintatön 16 ′
29 Viola di gamba 08th'
30th Voix céleste 08th'
31. Flute traverse 08th'
32. Bourdon 08th'
33. viola 04 ′
34. Flûte octaviante 04 ′
35. Piccolo 02 ′
36. Bombard 16 ′
37. Trompette harmonique 08th'
38. Clairon harmonique 04 ′
39. Basson-Hautbois 0 08th'
40. Voix humaine 08th'
Tremulantly strong
IV Solo C – a 3
41. Grand Cornet 5-fold0
42. 3-way carillon


IV Fernwerk (swellable) C – a 3
43. Quintatön 16 ′
44. Echo cordon 08th'
45. Vox angelica 08th'
46. Echogambe 08th'
47. Fugara 04 ′
48. Transverse flute 04 ′
49. Mixture 4-fold
50. horn 08th'
51. Vox humana 08th'
Tremulant
Remote pedal C – f 1
52. Big Gedackt bass 32 ′
53. Dacked bass 16 ′
54. Drone 8th'
Pedal C – f 1
55. Bourdon 32 ′
56. Pedestal 16 ′
57. Dumped 16 ′
58. Octave 08th'
59. Dumped 08th'
60. Octave 04 ′
61. Night horn 02 ′
62. Rauschpfeife II
63. Mixture V-VI
64. trombone 16 ′
65. Trumpet 08th'
66. Schalmey 04 ′
67. Bombard 32 ′
68. Bombard 16 ′
69. Trumpets 08th'
70. Clairon 4 ′
  • Pairing :
    • Normal coupling: II / I, III / I, IV / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P, IV / P
    • Discant octave coupling: IV / I, IV / IV, IV / P
    • Sub-octave coupling: I / I, II / II, III / III, IV / IV, III / I, IV / I
  • Playing aids :
    • Appels : Appel I, Appel II, Appel III, Appel P, roller on, baroque wind on, symphonic wind on
Remnants of the city wall near the Nikolaikirche

Clergy

Structural environment

The original churchyard was abandoned after 1813, when today's Old Cemetery was established on the western Stadtfeld . The organist's house in the south and the old school in the north are attached to the tower. Originally, the church was separated from Südermarkt and Holm by a row of houses (Südermarkt 17-19 and the western row of houses from Katsund ), but these were demolished in 1898. In the 1970s, a stand with a kiosk and toilets was built in the basement to replace it.

Web links

Commons : Nikolaikirche  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cf. Writings of the Society for Flensburg City History (Hrsg.): Flensburg in history and present . Flensburg 1972, page 385 and: Andreas Oeding, Broder Schwensen, Michael Sturm: Flexikon. 725 aha experiences from Flensburg! , Article: Südermarkt
  2. ^ Society for Flensburg City History (ed.): Flensburg in history and present . Flensburg 1972, p. 25.
  3. ^ Gundula Hubrich-Messow: Legends and fairy tales from Flensburg , Husum 1992, page 38, number 45
  4. ↑ cf. Andreas Rumler: Schleswig-Holstein: Culture, history and landscape between the North and Baltic Seas, the Elbe and the Flensburg Fjord .
  5. ↑ a b Church Council St. Nikolai (Ed.): Kleiner Kirchenführer . 2nd ed. Flensburg 2007.
  6. ↑ a b The organ prospectus. Retrieved October 1, 2011.
  7. ↑ Disposition of the classical organ. Retrieved October 1, 2011.
  8. ↑ Disposition of the symphonic organ. Parish website, accessed October 1, 2011.
  9. ^ Woehl organ projects: The symphonic organ - disposition. Retrieved May 24, 2020 .
  10. ↑ St. Nikolai Flensburg: Composition of the symphonic organ. Retrieved May 24, 2020 .
  11. ↑ The organ. Retrieved May 24, 2020 .

Coordinates: 54 ° 46 ′ 59.5 ″  N , 9 ° 26 ′ 8.6 ″  E