Heinrich Ringerink

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Organ brochure by Heinrich Ringerink in the Nikolaikirche Flensburg
Renaissance high altar (1598)

Heinrich Ringerink , also Ringeling , Ringeringk or Ringerinck (* before 1583; † 1629 in Copenhagen ), was a North German artisan and sculptor of the high and late Renaissance , whose works can be found in numerous churches of the former Duchy of Schleswig .

biography

Ringerink worked in Flensburg for more than 40 years . Since 1583 he was mentioned there as a stonemason and in 1588 and 1589 as a stonemason and carpenter. Later there are entries as sculptors. Around 1600 he headed a carving workshop there , which at that time was considered the most important workshop in northern Germany. He was sometimes simply called "Hinrich Bildneider". His last name could be an indication that he received his training in Westphalia or immigrated from there to Flensburg. In 1615 he bought a house in the Marienkirchspiel Ramsharde . In 1627 he left "in view of the chaos of the war and went to Copenhagen." It is possible that he worked as a journeyman in Flensburg in the workshop of Johan von Bremen , to whom the figures of the apostles on the Flensburg St. Mary Altar are ascribed. It is recorded that Ringerink was accepted as a master in the Flensburg carving guild in 1597 and died in Copenhagen in 1629. In addition to furniture, coffins, altars , baptisms and epitaphs , he mainly made pulpits . They are considered examples of high quality Renaissance carving. His two main works are the altar of St. Mary's Church in Flensburg from 1598, which he created in close collaboration with the painter and gilder Johan II. Van Enum , and the magnificent organ front of the St. Nicholas Church in Flensburg from 1604–1609. Ringerink shaped many carvers who continued to work in his style after his death.

The
Ringerink family was married and had at least one son Gert Ringerinck (1629–1658), who worked as a picture cutter. He was his oldest son. His wife died like himself in 1629 in Copenhagen. There was also a Johan Ringeling (Ringerinck) in Flensburg, who worked there from 1637 to 1660, and a stone sculptor Peter Ringering (* 1612 in Holstein, † 1650 in Danzig), who may have been related to him.

Pulpits of Heinrich Ringerink and his circle

Panel on the pulpit in the Grundhofer church. Depiction of the birth of Christ
Panel on the pulpit in the Grundhofer church. Depiction of the Ascension
Panel on the pulpit in Oeversee. Representation of the resurrection

In the century after the Reformation , the sermon became more and more important for Protestant services . In many church buildings , therefore, very elaborate pulpits were purchased around 1600 as a token of appreciation.

All Ringerink pulpits were carved from oak and originally designed as hanging pulpits. The embedded scenic reliefs are characteristic . Since the motifs are repeated and the scenes can be traced back to the same graphic model, the Ringerink pulpits, as well as those of his students and journeymen, can be easily identified.

There are three groups of pulpits:

  • The pulpits of the "Ostflensburg type" are characterized by acanthus pilasters as a striking common feature. A special feature are the reliefs shown in the (three-quarter) profile of men and women in different period costumes in the entablature, which are viewed as a status order . The pulpits of the Ostflensburg type represent the oldest group within the work of Heinrich Ringerink (1599–1615). The oldest example of this type does not come from Ringerink himself, but from Johan von Bremen.
  • The pulpits "Westflensburger pulpit type" have a plan shape, the six- or seven-sided hanging rise of pulpit . They are characterized by a vertical separation of the pulpit fields by apostles under canopies . The pulpits of the West Flensburg type were still made by Nils Tagsen and Jorgen Ringnis in the period after Ringerink.
  • The elevation of the pulpit of the "angler type" is structured by Hermes pilasters or caryatids , which were taken over directly by Hans Vredeman de Vries . The pulpits of the so-called Angeliter workshop lean against the angler type.

The following scenes are depicted on Heinrich Ringerink's pulpits:

Alphabetical list of the pulpits of Heinrich Ringerink and his circle

Pulpit from St. Johannis (Nieblum / Föhr)
Pulpit from Friedrichstadt St. Christopherus
Pulpit from Friedrichstadt, West Flensburg type
  • Aabenraa St. Nicolai sound cover around 1626 Heinrich Ringerink workshop
  • Böel circle around 1615/1620 Ringerink workshop / Angeliter workshop? - Angler type
  • Bov around 1626 Heinrich Ringerink attribution - West Flensburg type
  • Broager about 1591 unknown pupil - Ostflensburg type
  • Drelsdorf around 1600/1610 unknown student
  • Dybbøl from 1605 by Heinrich Ringerink
  • Egen 1610/1615 Heinrich Ringerink / workshop - Ostflensburg type
  • Eggebek 1605/1615 Heinrich Ringerink attribution - Ostflensburg type
  • Flensburg , Johanniskirche (Flensburg) 1587 Johan von Bremen - angler type
  • Flensburg St. Jürgen 1602 Heinrich Ringerink attribution - West Flensburg type
  • Flensburg St. Nikolai pulpit door 1595/1600 Heinrich Ringerink attribution
  • Friedrichstadt , ev. St-Christophorus-Kirche 1610/1620 Heinrich Ringerink Attribution - West Flensburg type
  • Großsolt 1614 Angeliterwerkstatt Attribution - Angler type
  • Grundhof 1606 Heinrich Ringerink / Nils Tagsen Attribution - Angler type
  • Hooge , 1610/1620 Heinrich Ringerink attribution - West Flensburg type
  • Kliplev 1610 Henrich Bildnider to Flensborg - West Flensburg type
  • Klixbüll 1618 Heinrich Ringerink attribution - West Flensburg type
  • Munkbrarup 1596–1604 Heinrich Ringerink workshop Master of the Angeliter workshop - East Flensburg type
  • Neukirchen in fishing around 1620 Nils Tagsen, Sonderburg, pupil of Heinrich Ringerink Attribution
  • Nieblum / Föhr. St. Johannis Heinrich Ringerink and workshop - West Flensburg type
  • Nordborg . Jörgen Ringnis pupil of Heinrich Ringerink
  • Nübel . 1608 Heinrich Ringerink attribution - Ostflensburg type
  • Oeversee Master of the Angeliterwerkstatt Student of Heinrich Ringerink Attribution
  • Oland 1620 unknown master Flensburg School
  • Oxbülll on Als. Attribution to Jörgen Ringnis, pupil of Heinrich Ringerink
  • Cross . 1604/1610 Master of the Angeliter workshop, pupil of Heinrich Ringerink Attribution - Angler type
  • Rapstedt . Pulpit fragments after 1605 Heinrich Ringerink workshop
  • Risum 1635/1640 Johan Ringerink son of Heinrich Ringerink Attribution
  • Satrup . 1607 Heinrich Ringerink attribution - Angler type
  • Sonderburg 1599 Henrik Ringerink i Flensburg - East Flensburg type
  • Sonderburg Nils Tagsen / Sonderburg pupil of Heinrich Ringerink attribution
  • Sterup 1626. Flensburg School Ringerink workshop? - Angler type
  • Struxdorf 1617. Angeliterwerkstatt School of Heinrich Ringerink Attribution - Angler type
  • Süder-Fahrenstedt 1604. Master of the Angeliter workshop, pupil of Heinrich Ringerink Attribution - Angler type
  • Süderlügum 1610. Attribution to Heinrich Ringerink - West Flensburg type
  • Thumby 1620 Unknown master of the Flensburg School Ringerink workshop? - Angler type
  • Tinglev 1615–1625 Heinrich Ringerink Attribution - West Flensburg type
  • Tolk 1604/1620 Master of the Angeliter workshop, pupil of Heinrich Ringerink Attribution
  • Uelsby 1610/1620 Master of the Angeliter workshop, pupil of Heinrich Ringerink - angler type

literature

Web links

Commons : Heinrich Ringerink  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Birgitte B. Johannsen, Chr. Axel Jensen: Hinrich Ringerinck, Hinrich Ringeling . In: Svend Cedergreen Bech , Svend Dahl (eds.): Dansk biografisk leksikon . Founded by Carl Frederik Bricka , continued by Povl Engelstoft. 3. Edition. tape 12 : Rasmussen – Scavenius . Gyldendal, Copenhagen 1982, ISBN 87-01-77482-4 (Danish, biografiskleksikon.lex.dk ).
  2. ↑ a b c d Richard Haupt: Ringeling (Ringerinck, the former the most common, the latter the original name form), Hinrich . In: The architectural and art monuments of the province of Schleswig-Holstein: with the exception of the Duchy of Lauenburg district . tape 3 . Ernst Homann, Kiel 1889, p. 15 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
personal data
SURNAME Ringerink, Heinrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ringeringk, Heinrich; Ringerinck, Heinrich; Ringeling, Hinrich; Hinrich Bildneider
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German sculptor
DATE OF BIRTH 16th Century
DATE OF DEATH 1629
Place of death Copenhagen