Holm (Flensburg)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Flensburg Holm (2011)

The Holm ( Danish Holmen ) in Flensburg is now a pedestrian zone in the center of the city. Together with the Great Street (Storegade) it connects Sankt Nikolai am Südermarkt with Sankt Marien am Nordermarkt  (Nørretorv) .

history

The spar in the Middle Ages

The name Holm for the area of ​​the street in Flensburg has been used since 1284, but the term Holm was already in use before that. In the Old Norse language , Old English and Middle Low German , the term denoted an elevation, something outstanding . Today's northern German word, which can be found in the same way in today's Danish , designates a small island or peninsula in general, just like in Danish . Partly still an area of ​​land that rises above the surroundings and differs from it . In the Middle Ages, the Flensburg parish of St. Nikolai had a kind of island location due to the port , rivers, the mill pond and the city moat. The Flensburger Holm was part of the Herscopstrate ( High German : Herrschaftsstraße - in the sense of: "Straße des Landesherren"), the main street of Flensburg that began north of the Südermarkt and reached to the Nordertor . Together with Norderstraße and the Rote Straße (Rødegade / Rudegade) that branches off to the southwest at Südermarkt , the Holm has always formed a main part of the original north-south axis of Flensburg's inner city . In the city center on the parish border between St. Nikolai and St. Marien, the common thing place of the parishes used to be. The town hall has stood there since the beginning of the 15th century .

On May 3, 1485, the south of the city was destroyed by a fire. The spar was also affected. In the same year, the reconstruction and expansion of the Nikolaikirche took place. During the Middle Ages, the Hafenspitze was even further south. Over the centuries the port was to silt up and the tip of the port would move further north. Nevertheless, the port of Flensburg was still below the spar for a long time.

Groschen-side and 5-pfennig-side

On the east side of the Holm, towards the harbor, large merchants' yards have been built since the Middle Ages. Merchants and merchants preferred this side of the street because of its convenient location. They built warehouses and pack houses there . The ends of these merchants' yards were provided with gardens in the 18th and 19th centuries, which were located on the street Süderhofenden . These gardens were later abandoned and are now built on. On the west side, facing away from the harbor, only smaller courtyards were built on the steeply sloping hillside area there. Mainly craftsmen, carters and smaller traders settled there. This less rich set was named "5-Pfennig-Seite" because it was only worth a few pfennigs and the east side, the name "Groschen-Seite", because it was twice as expensive, namely a whole groschen .

On the Holm you can still see many patrician houses and the trading yards typical of the city, which were built over time on the east side of the harbor. One of the oldest trading yards from Flensburg's heyday before the Thirty Years' War is located on the Holm.

The spar during the 18th and 19th centuries

The Dethleffsen courtyard, which was built in the 18th century, is one of the most interesting courtyards in our day. In the 19th century, the Herscopstrate was divided into the individual streets that still exist today: Holm, Große Straße and Norderstraße. The mentioned town hall at the end of the Holm was removed in 1883 for reasons of space, from then on the city administration resided until 1964 in the expanded merchant's yard Holm 7, the provisional town hall .

The spar since the 20th century

The spar with old paving (2002)

On January 29, 1968, the Holm was declared a pedestrian zone. Car traffic was removed and in 1973 tram line 1 was discontinued. In 1976 the pedestrian zone was redesigned. In the same year a fountain with a sculpture by Ulrich Beier , the Holmnixe (see section below ) was set up roughly in the middle of the spar . The new pedestrian zone was officially opened on September 3, 1977. From 1987 to around 1993, the Holm-Nixen-Fest took place every two years. In contrast to other Flensburg city festivals, it was limited to the Holm. At the Südermarkt and the Holmnixe stages were set up, with a few stalls in between.

In the course of urban redevelopment, the Holm, like the Große Straße, was completely redesigned in 2007–2008 and, in addition to new paving, also received new lamps and benches. Weather-resistant Chinese granite from Shandong Province was chosen as the new surface .

The Holm is the busiest area in the city center these days.

Individual buildings

The two shopping malls starting from the Holm , the Holmpassage completed in 1986 and the Flensburg Gallery opened 20 years later, today combine historical buildings with modern architecture . In a back yard in Holm 66 is the gallery , a music bar and a restaurant that was previously known as a cabaret . Another restaurant (the old Ratskeller) is located in the listed Gnomenkeller in Holm 3. The Borgerforeningen in Hof Borgerforeningen (Holm 17) is also very well known .

The restored city palace from the 19th century, for example, is worth seeing.

The Katsund street

Katsund Street (2014)

Between Holm and Südermarkt there was a small area which used to be called Katsund (or also: Kattsund). The name Katsund is made up of the word Kat (t) and the word Sund. Kat could mean something that is comparable in size to a cat (cf. Kattegat ) or Kat directly describes a "small boat" (cf. also Katboot ). Another word for sound is strait . Before the Hafenspitze silted up over time, the Südermarkt was not far from the water. The name Katsund could therefore indicate that small boats used to be in the water in this area. The small street there was obviously called Katsund. It was about 45 meters long and it belonged to about 14 houses. From 1688, the Landt Reepschläger family lived there for many generations . Today, however, Katsund officially no longer exists. It was added to the spar on March 15, 1881. The houses on the west side of Katsund were demolished in 1898, with which the Südermarkt was enlarged and the church was freed from building and thus optically moved to the market square. Today there is a viewing platform there. which also serves as a substitute for the city hall balcony at events on the Südermarkt. In some other cities, streets with this name existed and still exist today, some with the name variant Kattesundet; for example: Eckernförde , Ekenis , Schleswig , Heiligenhafen , the Danish Kolding , Copenhagen or the Swedish Lund . The Steinbach House , Holm 59, remained of Flensburg's old Katsund , which was registered as a cultural monument. The house of the Reepschläger family, with the later address Holm 63, was demolished in 1908. The house built there afterwards bears the Landts family coat of arms. The eastern part of today's Holm is still called Katsund from time to time. Nowadays, in the Sünderup district of Flensburg , there is also the Kattloch settlement , which apparently bears a similar name.

Legend of Tort Jepsen

The house at the address Holm 19–21

The forecast is to by someone in on one day of the year 1485, one afternoon, at 2 pm St. John's parish fire in the name of the devil have placed . The fire went down the row of houses and spread to the parish of St. Nikolai and spread on the west side of the street almost to the town hall . Of the houses, the monastery and the Nikolaikirche remained . On the east side of the street, however, a distinguished man named Tort Jepsen is said to have lived, who, as he saw that the neighboring house was already burning and his house was about to catch flames, he took shovels, barrels, scales and Ellen and threw himself forward the door of his house on his knees and cried to God. If he has knowingly betrayed anyone, may God punish him like his neighbors. But if he has not cheated while weighing, given the correct measure and is innocent, may God spare him. Then the fire broke out and continued to burn his neighbour's house. The few flames that had already spread to his house extinguished by themselves and so the fire at Tort Jepsen's house, now Holm 19, stopped raging.

In 1485, as already mentioned, the south of the city was actually destroyed by a fire. Nowadays, the Asmussen-Optik, Rüffer books and a North Sea restaurant can be found at the aforementioned address, Holm No. 19 .

Spar mermaid

Holmnixe from 1976 (photo from 2011)

The holm mermaid, erected in 1976, in the approximate center of the holm, was made by the Flensburg artist Ulrich Beier . The sculpture depicting a sea woman was christened Holmnixe after a naming competition (see Mermaid ). Her beauty has never been entirely undisputed. Even then, the naming competition provided suggestions such as: “Holmknochen”, “ Wuchtbrumme ” or “Saurierquelle”. The holmnix has also been compared to the Loch Ness monster . In a cartoon by Kim Schmidt in early 2015, she was mockingly referred to as the Little Mermaid equivalent . Legends of "sea women" are common in Schleswig-Holstein both on the North Sea and the Baltic Sea . It is said that sea women are beautiful, with "human faces, eyes, arms and hands, with long hair and breasts like women". Instead of legs, they would have a fishtail. It is also said that if they appeared at the bow of a sailing ship or at the top of a wave, a storm was near. The two-meter tall mermaid was made from Krenzheim shell limestone and weighs over two tons. In November 2011 the sea woman got a knitted bikini top from guerrilla knitters . In Advent 2015, it was wrapped in gold to match the Flensburg Christmas market .

Individual evidence

Residential and commercial building, Holm 14 from 1906 with a revised facade by Paul Ziegler, an architect of numerous important buildings in Flensburg
The Rats-Apotheke Holm 13 with the unicorn above the entrance for Advent 2011
  1. ↑ Active pensioners, torsdagsholdet (Ed.): Flensborgs gadenavne . Flensburg 1995, p. 14 .
  2. ↑ Active pensioners, torsdagsholdet (Ed.): Flensborgs gadenavne . Flensburg 1995, p. 13 .
  3. ↑ Active pensioners, torsdagsholdet (Ed.): Flensborgs gadenavne . Flensburg 1995, p. 18 .
  4. ^ Dieter Pust: Flensburg street names. 2nd revised edition. Flensburg 2005. under: Holm
  5. ↑ Holm. In: Ordbog over det danske Sprog . Det Danske Sprog- og Litteraturselskab: Den danske Ordbog , accessed on May 10, 2014 .
  6. ↑ a b Cf. Duden - German Universal Dictionary, under Holm
  7. ↑ See Holm, en. In: Ordbog over det danske Sprog . Det Danske Sprog- og Litteraturselskab, accessed on November 1, 2011 .
  8. ↑ See map: Flensburg in the middle of the 15th century in: Flensburg - History of a border town. Edited by the Society for Flensburg City History. Flensburg 1966 and: Dieter Pust: Flensburg street names. 2nd revised edition. Flensburg 2005. under: Holm
  9. ^ Writings of the Society for Flensburg City History (ed.): Flensburg in history and present . Flensburg 1972, page 439
  10. ↑ Flensburg street names . Society for Flensburg City History, Flensburg 2005, ISBN 3-925856-50-1 , article: Große Straße
  11. ^ Andreas Oeding, Broder Schwensen, Michael Sturm: Flexikon. 725 aha experiences from Flensburg !. Flensburg 2009, article: Heerweg
  12. ^ Writings of the Society for Flensburg City History (ed.): Flensburg in history and present . Flensburg 1972, page 42 f.
  13. ↑ Active pensioners, torsdagsholdet (Ed.): Flensborgs gadenavne . Flensburg 1995, p. 20 .
  14. ^ Writings of the Society for Flensburg City History (ed.): Flensburg in history and present . Flensburg 1972, page 388
  15. ^ Lutz Wilde: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany, cultural monuments in Schleswig-Holstein. Volume 2, Flensburg, p. 144
  16. ^ Writings of the Society for Flensburg City History (ed.): Flensburg in history and present . Flensburg 1972, page 43 f.
  17. ^ Lutz Wilde: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany, cultural monuments in Schleswig-Holstein. Volume 2, Flensburg, p. 144
  18. ↑ Therefore apparently also partly shortened to “Pfennig-Seite”. See Flensburger Tageblatt : A tour with the Petuhtante , from: 23 August 2016; Retrieved on: April 11, 2018
  19. ^ Writings of the Society for Flensburg City History (ed.): Flensburg in history and present . Flensburg 1972, page 43 f.
  20. ^ Andreas Oeding, Broder Schwensen, Michael Sturm: Flexikon. 725 aha experiences from Flensburg !. Flensburg 2009, article: Groschen-Seite
  21. ^ Writings of the Society for Flensburg City History (ed.): Flensburg in history and present . Flensburg 1972, page 43 and Dieter Pust: Flensburg street names. 2nd revised edition. Flensburg 2005. under: Holm, Große Straße and Noderstraße
  22. ^ Writings of the Society for Flensburg City History (ed.): Flensburg in history and present . Flensburg 1972, page 412
  23. ^ Andreas Oeding, Broder Schwensen, Michael Sturm: Flexikon. 725 aha experiences from Flensburg !. Flensburg 2009, article: Holmnixe
  24. ↑ March and Fjord, Holm-Nixen-Fest ; Retrieved July 20, 2014
  25. ^ Andreas Oeding, Broder Schwensen, Michael Sturm: Flexikon. 725 aha experiences from Flensburg !. Flensburg 2009, article: Chinese granite
  26. ↑ Marsch und Förde, Holm Flensburg ; Retrieved July 20, 2014
  27. ^ According to Nicoletta Adams : DuMont Reise-Taschenbuch Reise-Taschenbuch Ostseeküste Schleswig-Holstein , page 84; Retrieved on: October 22, 2014
  28. ↑ The written version: "Katsund" is apparently the version that later became the official street name; See all entries for address book of the city of Flensburg 1847 ; Retrieved on: October 24, 2014
  29. ↑ a b København. Kulturhistorisk opslagsbog med turforslag, Afsnit K - Kattesundet ( Memento of the original from October 24, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; Retrieved on: October 24, 2014 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.kobenhavnshistorie.dk
  30. ↑ a b c d Andreas Oeding, Broder Schwensen, Michael Sturm: Flexikon. 725 aha experiences from Flensburg! , Article: Kattsund
  31. ↑ a b Flensburg in old views, Volume 2 ; Retrieved October 24, 2014
  32. ^ All entries for address book of the city of Flensburg 1847 ; Retrieved on: October 24, 2014
  33. ↑ a b Flensburg Journal, Flensburger Straßen und Stadtteile, Holm 63 ( Memento of the original from October 24, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , dated February 26, 2014 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.flensburgjournal.de
  34. ^ A b c Writings of the Society for Flensburg City History (Hrsg.): Flensburg in history and present . Flensburg 1972, page 442
  35. ↑ Flensburger Tageblatt : Historical city views in the Nikolai Church , from: July 28, 2012, accessed on: October 24, 2014
  36. ↑ Dieter Pust: The coat of arms window and the carillon of the St. Nikolai Church in Flensburg , page 47
  37. ↑ In the legend, the word Besemer is also used for the scales. See Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, Besemer , accessed on: September 5, 2014
  38. ^ Christian Voigt: From Flensburg Sage and History , Flensburg 1912, No. 7
  39. ^ Gundula Hubrich-Messow: Legends and fairy tales from Flensburg , Husum 1992, page 50
  40. ^ Writings of the Society for Flensburg City History (ed.): Flensburg in history and present . Flensburg 1972, page 388
  41. ↑ Description, photos, location , accessed on November 13, 2015
  42. ^ Andreas Oeding, Broder Schwensen, Michael Sturm: Flexikon. 725 aha experiences from Flensburg !. Flensburg 2009, article: Holmnixe
  43. ↑ See Flensburger Tageblatt : Caricature: Touri-Trap - Flensburg Fjord Ostsee , from around January 6, 2015; Accessed: March 9, 2015
  44. ^ Gustav Friedrich Meyer : Schleswig-Holsteiner Sagen, Jena 1929, page 66, section: The sea women
  45. ^ Gundula Hubrich-Messow : Legends from Schleswig-Holstein, Husum 2001, page 90
  46. ^ Andreas Oeding, Broder Schwensen, Michael Sturm: Flexikon. 725 aha experiences from Flensburg !. Flensburg 2009, article: Holmnixe
  47. ↑ Christine Lendt: 99x the Baltic Sea between Flensburg and Lübeck as you do not yet know it. Bruckmann Verlag, Munich 2014, ISBN 978-3-7654-8301-1 . Number 4.
  48. ↑ Marsch und Förde, Holmnixe and Marsch und Förde, Guerilla Knitting , each accessed on: December 20, 2015

Web links

Commons : Holm  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 54 ° 47 ′ 3.5 ″  N , 9 ° 26 ′ 7.1 ″  E