Nina Alexandrovna Aljoschina

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Nina Alexandrovna Aljoschina , born Nina Alexandrovna Uspenskaja ( Russian: Нина Александровна Алёшина ; * July 17, 1924 in Moscow ; † November 17, 2012 there ), was a Soviet - Russian architect .

Life

Nina Alexandrovna was the granddaughter of the archpriest of the Church of the Resurrection in Tarussa Nikolai Uspensky. When the German-Soviet war began, she graduated from a music school. This was followed by piano studies . She then studied at the Moscow Architecture Institute MArchI, especially with Boris Sergejewitsch Mesenzew , graduating in 1950. She married the artist Nikolai Iwanowitsch Aljoschin (1923–1984).

After graduating, Alyoshina began working with Alexei Nikolayevich Dushkin . For the construction of the Novoslobodskaya station on the Kolzewaya line of the Moscow Metro , she made the drawings for the wall and pillar coverings and also for the metal parts of the openings and glass windows, while her husband helped the painter Pavel Dmitrievich Korin with the paintings for the glass windows.

Aljoschina was the author of 19 metro station projects, 9 of which she carried out with Natalia Konstantinovna Samoilova. Since the beginning of the 1970s she preferred metals for the design of the stations. In the Oktjabrskoje Pole station , she used anodized aluminum for the cladding of the columns for the first time . For the construction of the Kuznetski Most metro station, which opened in 1975 , she and Samoilova received the USSR Council of Ministers Prize . During their renovation (together with Alexander Fyodorowitsch Strelkow ) of the Dzerzhinskaya (now Lyubanka ) station opened in 1935 by Nikolai Alexandrowitsch Ladowski with the establishment of a central hall and a passage to the Kuznetsky Most station (1975), the encroachment on Ladowsky's design was criticized.

During the construction of the Marxistskaya station (1979, together with WS Wolowin, Samoilowa and RP Tkachova), Aljoschina used pink marble for the wall and column cladding, for which she herself selected the marble blocks in the quarry near Irkutsk . For lighting, fluorescent tubes were arranged in vertical spirals as a symbol of Marxism . The octagonal star of Bethlehem was used to structure the gray marble floor , which went against Christian tradition.

The Perowo station (1979) was dedicated to folk art , for which Aljoschina and her co-authors were awarded a diploma from the Union of Architects of the USSR in 1980. In 1981 Aljoschina became chief architect of the Serpukhovsko-Timirjasewskaja line . In addition, she practically headed the architecture department of the Metrogiprotrans institute , of which she was chief architect from 1985–1991. She dedicated the design of the Chertanovskaya station, which opened in 1983, to her teacher Alexei Nikolayevich Dushkin. In the Mendeleevskaya station, which opened in 1988, stylized atomic and molecular structures are depicted on the walls , and the lights are arranged in the form of crystal lattices . Her last work for the Moscow Metro was the Tschkalowskaja station (1995 with LL Borsenkow and AL Wigdorow), for which she drove to northern Greece herself to select the marble . She worked in Metrogiprotrans until her last days. She participated in the documentation of the metro stations, so that thanks to her efforts 17 metro stations were recognized as Moscow architectural monuments.

Aljoschina's daughter Tatjana Nikolajewna Aljoschina (1955–1981) was an artist. The graphic artist Boris Alexandrowitsch Uspenski (1927-2005) was Aljoschina's younger brother.

Alyoshina was buried in the Vvedenskoye cemetery next to her husband and daughter.

Honors, prizes

Works

  • Oktyabrskoye Pole

  • Kuznetsky must

  • Marxistskaya

  • Chertanovskaya

  • Mendeleevskaya

  • Chkalovskaya

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Нина Алёшина: Архитектура московского метро . In: Мы строим метро . Моск. рабочий, Moscow 1983 ( [1] [accessed March 25, 2020]).
  2. ↑ a b Гончарук Дмитрий: Ушла из жизни Нина Алёшина - архитектор 19 станций московского метро . In: Komsomolskaya Pravda . November 25, 2012 ( [2] [accessed March 24, 2020]).
  3. ↑ Протоиерей Николай Успенский (accessed March 24, 2020).
  4. ↑ a b c Гончарук Дмитрий: 87- летняя Нина Алешина до сих пор трудится в Метрогипротрансе и пишет книгу о столичной подземке , которой 15 мая исполняется 77 лет Подробнее . In: Wetschernaya Moskva . May 15, 2012 ( [3] [accessed March 24, 2020]).
  5. ↑ a b c Берта БУХАРИНА: Юбилей. Ее года - наше богатство! In: ОАО Метрогипротранс . 2010 ( [4] [accessed March 24, 2020]).
  6. ↑ Станция “Кузнецкий Мост” (accessed on March 24, 2020).
  7. ↑ a b Неувядаемый талант архитектора . In: Метростроевец . No. 27 , July 19, 2009, p. 3 ( [5] [PDF; accessed on March 24, 2020]).
  8. ↑ Менделеевская (accessed March 24, 2020).
personal data
SURNAME Aljoschina, Nina Alexandrovna
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Алёшина, Нина Александровна (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Soviet-Russian architect
DATE OF BIRTH July 7, 1924
PLACE OF BIRTH Moscow
DATE OF DEATH 17th November 2012
Place of death Moscow