Northeast Greenland National Park

Location of the national park

The Northeast Greenland National Park is the largest national park in the world. It is the only national park in Greenland and, with its 972,000 km², occupies almost 45% of the island's area. The national park was established on May 22, 1974 and in 1988 it was expanded by 272,000 km² in the north to its present size. It covers the entire northeastern coastline of Greenland and large inner parts of the island. In January 1977 it was declared an international biosphere reserve. To visit the national park, a permit with an SAR mountain insurance and appropriate expedition equipment is required.

population

Trapper's hut Kulhus on the south coast of the Hochstetter Forland peninsula

Currently 31 people live permanently in the research stations and military posts in the national park:

f1 Map with all coordinates: OSM | WikiMap

Daneborg (12), headquarters of the Sirius patrol , which is responsible for the internal security of the region

74 ° 18 ′ 18 ″ N , 20 ° 14 ′ 27 ″ W.74.305111111111 -20.24075

Ella Ø Station (0), summer headquarters of the Sirius patrol, originally headquarters, established in 1941

72 ° 52 ′ 37 ″ N , 25 ° 6 ′ 37 ″ W.72.876861111111 -25.110277777778

Danmarkshavn (8), civil weather station

76 ° 46 ′ 8 ″ N , 18 ° 39 ′ 53 ″ W.76.768888888889 -18.664722222222

Station North (5), military base with runway

81 ° 36 ′ 9 ″ N , 16 ° 40 ′ 12 ″ W.81.6025 -16.67

Mestersvig (2), military outpost with a runway

72 ° 14 ′ 1 ″ N , 23 ° 55 ′ 22 ″ W.72.233611111111 -23.922777777778

Zackenberg (0), research station, only occupied in summer

74 ° 28 ′ 7 ″ N , 20 ° 34 ′ 12 ″ W.74.468611111111 -20.57

Summit Camp (4), research station on the inland ice

72 ° 34 ′ 49 ″ N , 38 ° 27 ′ 25 ″ W.72.580277777778 -38.456944444444

fauna

Between 5000 and 15,000 musk oxen live in the area of the national park, about 40% of the world population. In addition, numerous polar bears and walruses can be found in the coastal areas . Other land mammals are arctic wolf , arctic fox , ermine , lemmings and arctic hare . Reindeer have disappeared since 1900 . Wolves , which were originally found in the entire coastal area of the national park, were exterminated by Danish and Norwegian hunters in the 1920s and 1930s, mainly with the help of poisonous bait. From 1939 they were no longer observed in East Greenland south of the 80th parallel. Since 1979, however, individual animals have again migrated from North Greenland. The size of the population was estimated at around 23 animals in 2011.

Marine mammals are ringed seal , bearded seal , harp seal , collapsible cap , narwhal, and beluga . Of birds mainly come Eistaucher , Barnacle Goose , Pink-footed Goose , Common Eider , King Eider , gyrfalcon , snowy owl , Sanderling , ptarmigan and raven before.

Flora and geomorphology

The inner part of the national park consists of the inland ice sheet with mountains. The coastal region of the Greenland Sea consists of tundra and thus offers the barren habitat for the fauna.

gallery

At the Franz Josef Fjord
Glacier at the Franz Josef Fjord
Mosquito Lands
Iceberg in the Rypefjord

literature

Benoît Sittler, Johannes Lang: North-east Greenland National Park - the largest national park in the world . In: Werner Konold, Reinhard Böcker, Ulrich Hampicke (eds.): Handbook of nature conservation and landscape maintenance . 18. Supplementary delivery. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, Weinheim 2006, doi : 10.1002 / 9783527678471 ( PDF ; 14.3 MB).
Anthony K. Higgins: Exploration history and place names of northern East Greenland (= Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 21, 2010), ISBN 978-87-7871-292-9 .
Peter Schmidt Mikkelsen: North-East Greenland 1908-60 - The Trapper Era (2008). ISBN 978-0-901021-06-9 .

Web links

Commons : Northeast Greenland National Park - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

Greenland National Park on the official tourism website greenland.com/de (German)

Official website of the national park

United Nations National Park website

Individual evidence

↑ Morten Meldgaard: The Greenland Caribou - Zoogeography, Taxonomy, and Population Dynamics . In: Meddelser om Grønland, Bioscience . tape 20 , 1986, pp. 59 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
↑ Ulf Marquard-Petersen: Decline and Extermination of an Arctic Wolf Population in East Greenland, 1899–1939 (PDF; 564 kB). In: Arctic 65 (2), 2012, pp. 155–166
↑ Peter W. Dawes, Magnus Elander, Mats Ericson: The Wolf (Canis lupus) in Greenland: A Historical Review and Present Status ( Memento of the original from December 16, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The @1@ 2 archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 2.1 MB). In: Arctic 39 (2), 198, pp. 119-132

↑ Ulf Marquard-Petersen: Invasion of eastern Greenland by the high arctic wolf Canis lupus arctos . In: Wildlife Biology 17 (4), 2011, pp. 383-388, doi : 10.2981 / 11-032

[1] Morten Meldgaard: The Greenland Caribou - Zoogeography, Taxonomy, and Population Dynamics . In: Meddelser om Grønland, Bioscience . tape 20 , 1986, pp. 59 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[2] Ulf Marquard-Petersen: Decline and Extermination of an Arctic Wolf Population in East Greenland, 1899–1939 (PDF; 564 kB). In: Arctic 65 (2), 2012, pp. 155–166

[3] Peter W. Dawes, Magnus Elander, Mats Ericson: The Wolf (Canis lupus) in Greenland: A Historical Review and Present Status ( Memento of the original from December 16, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The @1@ 2 archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 2.1 MB). In: Arctic 39 (2), 198, pp. 119-132

[4] Ulf Marquard-Petersen: Invasion of eastern Greenland by the high arctic wolf Canis lupus arctos . In: Wildlife Biology 17 (4), 2011, pp. 383-388, doi : 10.2981 / 11-032