Nanortalik District

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Nanortalip Communia
Nanortalik District
location
Symbols
coat of arms
coat of arms
Basic data
Country Greenland
Commune Kujalleq municipality
Seat Nanortalics
surface 15,000 km²
Residents 1659 (January 1, 2019)
density 0.1 inhabitants per km²

Nanortalik has been a district in western Greenland since 2009 .

location

The Nanortalik district is the southernmost part of Greenland. In the north-west it borders on the district of Qaqortoq , in the north-east on the district of Ammassalik , which is uninhabited over a length of 700 km in the south.

history

Before the colonial era

The district was settled in the Middle Ages by the Grænlendingar , who built their Eystribyggð here. Most of the first settlers settled it in today's district Nanortalik down: Herjulf Bårdsson in Herjólfsfjǫrðr where he Herjólfsnes founded Ketill in Ketilsfjǫrðr ( Tasermiut Kangerluat ) Sǫlvi in Sǫlvadalr (probably to the southeast), Helgi Þorbrandsson in Álptafjǫrðr ( Sermilik ) and Þorbjǫrn glóra in Siglufjǫrðr ( Alluitsup Kangerlua ).

South Greenland was approached several times by English and Dutch seafarers in the 16th and 17th centuries without their land sightings and names being precisely identifiable due to the inaccurate reports, mappings and dimensions.

18th and 19th centuries

In 1723 Hans Egede traveled to the southern tip of Greenland and from 1751 to 1753 Peder Olsen Walløe was on an expedition to the east coast of Greenland, where he stayed in what is now the district area.

In 1774 the Moravian Brethren founded the Lichtenau mission station in Alluitsoq , which was the first European settlement in southern Greenland since the Middle Ages. A year later, the Julianehaab colony was established in Qaqortoq and the district became part of the Julianehaab colonial district.

In 1778 Caspar Alsbach began collecting bacon and furs in Sissarissoq / Nanortalik . A plant was founded in Sissarissoq in 1797, which was moved to Nanortalik in 1830.

In 1803 the colonial district had 1,797 inhabitants. In 1824 the Moravians founded their second mission station in South Greenland, Friedrichsthal in Narsarmijit . The majority of the southern tip of Greenland belonged to the Moravians. By 1830 the entire population was baptized. In the middle of the 19th century the population of the colonial district had risen to around 2500. At the beginning of the 20th century the population rose to over 3,000 people.

In 1832 today's district received its first Udsted with Alluitsup Paa . More followed in 1848 in Pamialluk , Salliit and, at an unknown date, in Itilleq .

The population was previously considered to be tall and not particularly Eskimo-looking, so it was theorized at the time that the population were descendants of Inuit and Grænlendingar. Hinrich Johannes Rink described a third of the population as looking European. The population in the colonial district, however, was considered to be very slightly ethnically mixed compared to the rest of Greenland. Even in 1921 it was still assumed that only ten to twelve percent of the population were of European descent, which can be attributed to the large number of the Moravian Brethren in the southern part of the colonial district. Even today, the Kujataamiut are the weakest European population group in West Greenland (see Demography of Greenland ). A not insignificant part of the district's residents also descends from Tunumiit , who repeatedly immigrated to South Greenland.

20th century

In 1900 the Moravians left Greenland and the population switched to the Danish mission. In 1909 Sammisoq replaced Itilleq as the southernmost Udsted of Greenland.

The colonial district Julianehaab was divided into nine municipalities from 1911, of which the municipalities Sydprøven , Sagdlît , Nanortalik , Pamiagdluk and Sangmissoĸ were in the area of ​​today's district Nanortalik. In 1918, 18 residential places were subordinate to these municipalities, half of them in the municipality of Sydprøven. The municipalities were divided into the 1st, 2nd and 3rd district electoral district of South Greenland. Today's district was divided into two parishes, which had their seat in the two former Moravian mission stations. In the parish of Lichtenau there were two churches, five chapels and two schools. The parish of Frederiksdal had a church, four chapels and a school. The entire colonial district corresponded to a medical district based in the colony, but there was a second small hospital in Nanortalik.

From 1915 to 1925, the Amitsoq graphite mine existed north of Nanortalik . In 1925, Aappilattoq replaced Pamialluk as the community capital and in the same year Ammassivik became an Udsted, while Salliit in 1926 and Sammisoq in 1943.

During the administrative reform in 1950, the colonial district was divided. One part became Qaqortoq Municipality , while the other parts formed Nanortalik Municipality and Narsaq Municipality . In 1960 the community grew around the two Udsted Narsarmijit and Tasiusaq .

During the administrative reform in 2009, the municipality of Qaqortoq was incorporated into the municipality of Kujalleq and became a district.

places

In addition to the city of Nanortalik , the following villages are located in the Nanortalik district:

There are also the following shepherd settlements in the district:

In addition, there are the following abandoned shepherd settlements:

In addition, the following abandoned settlements are in what is now the district area:

There are also some abandoned stations in the Ammassalik district:

coat of arms

Blazon : Three silver polar bears placed in red on a pole .

literature

Coordinates: 60 ° 0 ′  N , 44 ° 0 ′  W