Obereisenheim-Wipfelder Maintal
| Obereisenheim-Wipfelder Maintal | |||
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| Systematics according to | Handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany | ||
| Greater region 1st order | Layer level land on both sides of the Upper Rhine Rift | ||
| Greater region 2nd order | Southwest German layer level country | ||
| Greater region 3rd order | Swabian-Franconian Gau | ||
| Main unit group | 13 → Main Franconian plates |
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| 4th order region (main unit) |
133 → Middle Main Valley |
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| Natural space |
133.08 → Obereisenheim-Wipfelder Maintal |
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| Natural area characteristics | |||
| Landscape type | River valley section | ||
| Geographical location | |||
| Coordinates | 49 ° 55 '3.5 " N , 10 ° 10' 49.9" E | ||
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| Local area | Obereisenheim , Stammheim , St. Ludwig , Wipfeld | ||
| local community | Eisenheim , Kolitzheim , Wipfeld | ||
| circle | District of Schweinfurt , District of Würzburg | ||
| state | Bavaria | ||
| Country | Germany | ||
The Obereisenheim-Wipfelder Maintal is a small-scale natural space unit with the order number 133.08 in the area of the Lower Franconian communities Eisenheim , Kolitzheim and Wipfeld in the districts of Schweinfurt and Würzburg.
location
The Obereisenheim-Wipfelder Main Valley (133.08) forms a sub-unit within the main unit Middle Main Valley (133) and thus a natural area in the main unit group of the Mainfränkische Platten (13). The natural area comprises a short section of the Main and a narrow strip of floodplain on the east side. To the north is the Schweinfurt Basin (136), where the tributary of the Upper Wern in particular made the landscape look different. With the Gaibacher Loess plateau (137.13) a natural area of the Steigerwald foreland borders in the east. More recent publications supplemented the loess plateau around the Lindach drift sand area and the Main edge heights (137.10). The south is occupied by the landscape of the Volkacher Mainschleife (133.07), which also belongs to the Middle Main valley. The subunit Gäufläche in the northern Main Triangle (134.10) connects to the natural area in the west. It is assigned to the Gäuf areas in the Main Triangle (134).
The natural area is located in the extreme northeast of the district of Würzburg and in the extreme southwest of the district of Schweinfurt and includes areas in the communities Eisenheim, Kolitzheim and Wipfeld. The center of the natural area is the Main section near Wipfeld with its St. Ludwig district on the east side of the Main , which is connected to the main town via a Main ferry . In the south, the Eisenheim district of Obereisenheim delimits the landscape; in the north, the Röthlein district of Hirschfeld is no longer in this main valley section. The Obereisenheim-Wipfelder Maintal does not play a major role in the local self-portrayal, instead the communities count themselves towards the Volkacher Mainschleife. Tourist marketing is also carried out using this name. Through several river regulation in the 20th and 21st century, the appearance of the Main Valley section has changed significantly, including one put here the barrage of Wipfeld. The flat topography on the river banks made it possible to build two local roads. The district road SW 22 / WÜ 57 runs along the west bank, its counterpart on the east side is the district road SW 1.
Landscape characteristics
The Obereisenheim-Wipfelder Maintal presents itself as a river valley section with steeper west and flatter east slopes. The west bank of the Main has extremely steep slopes that are still characterized by viticulture today. In contrast to the east side, no remains of Pleistocene terraces have been preserved here. Instead, these areas are witnesses of the valley design in the Old and Middle Pleistocene. The east side, on the other hand, is characterized by its slow rise so that the floodplain can be up to 400 m wide here.
The wide floodplain is used as a meadow. The canalization of the Main meant that arable land also extended to the floodplain. Originally, the river took up a large floodplain here . In the west, the vineyards are also interspersed with arable land. The cultivation is carried out here on loess loam floors . Wine was able to hold its own particularly along the narrow notches and blades along which smaller rivers (including the Kembach ) flow into the Main. The potential natural vegetation (without human intervention) would produce riparian forests with ash and elm trees .
The valley settlements were also based on the smaller main tributaries. People began to settle on the rubble fans that had been eroded by the streams . Special crops were also able to spread on the eastern slope , because the extensive sandy areas around Stammheim enable asparagus to be grown here, among other things .
Protected areas
The main valley section is characterized by many protected areas of almost all protection categories. Registered biotopes can be found along the banks . The entire, characteristic river valley section between Grafenrheinfeld and Kitzingen is protected as a fauna and flora habitat . In addition, the projects conservation area Volkacher Mainschleife well into the Obereisenheim-Wipfelder valley. The Maintal bird sanctuary between Schweinfurt and Dettelbach also extends through the entire natural area.
The Wipfelder Mainaue near St. Ludwig on the east side of the Main is under special protection . It is registered as a nature reserve. The strongest large-scale protection category is given to a 72 hectare meadow area along the banks of the Main.
literature
- Karl Albert Habbe: The natural space units on sheet 153 Bamberg - A bundle of problems and a suggested structure. In: Announcements of the Franconian Geographical Society 2003/2004, pp. 55–102 ( PDF download )
- Horst Mensching , Günter Wagner : Geographical land survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 152 Würzburg. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1963. → Online map (PDF; 5.3 MB)
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Karl Albert Habbe: The natural space units on sheet 153 Bamberg - A bundle of problems and a proposal for a structure. In: Announcements of the Franconian Geographical Society 2003/2004, pp. 55–102 ( PDF download )
- ^ Horst Mensching , Günter Wagner : Geographical land survey: The natural space units on sheet 152 Würzburg. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1963. → Online map (PDF; 5.3 MB), p. 26