Stammheim (Kolitzheim)

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Stammheim
community Kolitzheim
Stammheim coat of arms
Coordinates: 49 ° 54 ′ 23 "  N , 10 ° 11 ′ 33"  E
Height : 212 m
Residents : 914  (Jan. 1, 2020)
Incorporation : May 1, 1978
Postal code : 97509
Area code : 09381

Stammheim is a district of the municipality Kolitzheim in the southern district of Schweinfurt in Lower Franconia . Stammheim is the largest wine-growing town in the Schweinfurt district.

Geographical location

Stammheim is located in the extreme southwest of the Kolitzheim municipality on the Main . To the north is Lindach , which is also a district of Kolitzheim. Kolitzheim itself is in the east. The municipality of the town of Volkach in the Kitzingen district , Gaibach , begins further southeast with Öttershausen , also a Volkach district is located in the south-southeast. The district road SW 1, which runs along the course of the Main, connects Stammheim with Fahr , which is some distance to the south-west. Separated by the Main, Eisenheim - Obereisenheim rises in the southwest in the district of Würzburg . Directly across from Stammheim, on the other hand, is Klingenberg Castle, which is now part of Wipfeld . The St. Ludwig district of Wipfeld is located in the north-west of the town.

history

Archaeological finds in Stammheim suggest that as early as the Neolithic around 5000 BC A ceramic band settlement existed in the local area. The first documentary mention of Stammheim took place in 1136. Later on June 7, 1258 it was recorded in a document that Count Heinrich and Hermann zu Castell handed over a chapel in Stammheim to the Cistercian monastery of Maidbronn . The local town hall was built between 1604 and 1606 and in 1618 a monastery courtyard with a tithe cellar and barn. Stammheim has had its own parish since 1787. In 2010, Stammheim integrated itself into the newly founded parish community Marienhain. In 1800 the number of inhabitants was 411 in 80 houses. During the Second World War, Stammheim was hit by two aerial bombs on February 6, 1945 and occupied by the Americans on April 8, 1945 without a fight. From 1963 to 1965 the government of Lower Franconia carried out land consolidation, which resulted in larger viticulture. In 1972 Stammheim got its own coat of arms. The incorporation into the community Kolitzheim took place on May 1, 1978. The independent community Stammheim no longer existed from then on.

Parish Church of St. Bartholomew

Since the middle of the last century, viticulture has been the main occupation of many Stammheim residents . Tourism is also becoming increasingly important. In Stammheim there is a branch of the Raiffeisenbank Volkacher Mainschleife - Wiesentheid .

Culture and sights

Economy and Infrastructure

Viticulture

Stammheim is an important wine-growing area in the Franconian wine-growing region . There is a total of one vineyard around the village; the wine has been marketed under the name of Stammheimer Eselsberg since the 1970s. Stammheim is part of the range Volkacher Main loop until 2017, the wineries in area were Maindreieck summarized. The shell limestone soils with a fine layer of sand around Stammheim are just as suitable for growing wine as the location in the Maingau climate zone, which is one of the warmest in Germany.

Biggest Bocksbeutel in the world in Stammheim

The people around Stammheim have been viticulture since the early Middle Ages . The Franconian settlers probably brought the vine to the Main in the 7th century. In the Middle Ages, the region was part of the largest contiguous wine-growing region in the Holy Roman Empire. The people mostly operated part-time viticulture for self-sufficiency , at the same time export centers were already emerging, especially along the Main. The Cistercian monastery of Maidbronn obtained its tithe wine from Stammheim as early as the 13th century.

Viticulture experienced a major decline after secularization at the beginning of the 19th century. Above all, locations with less favorable climatic conditions were completely abandoned. In addition, the emergence of pests such as phylloxera made cultivation difficult . The Franconian wine-growing region was not able to consolidate again until the second half of the 20th century. The use of fertilizers and improved cultivation methods had contributed to this, as had the organization in cooperatives and the land consolidation of the 1970s.

Stammheim is now the largest wine-growing town in the Schweinfurt district. The cultivation and harvest of the wine characterize the annual course of the village. The center of the festival calendar is the Stammheim street wine festival at the end of July. The local winemakers have received multiple awards, for example the Herman Dereser winery was awarded the Best of Gold award in 2019, which honors the ten best winemakers of the year in Franconia. The largest Bocksbeutel in the world towers over the Stammheimer Eselsberg vineyard.

Vineyard Size 1976 Size 1993 Size 2019 Compass direction Slope Main grape varieties Great location
Eselsberg 45 ha 80 ha 116 ha southwest 10-20% Müller-Thurgau , Silvaner Volkacher Kirchberg

Clubs (selection)

Personalities

literature

  • Hans Ambrosi, Bernhard Breuer: German Vinothek: Franconia. Guide to the vineyards, winegrowers and their kitchens . Herford 2 1993.
  • Karl Treutwein : From Abtswind to Zeilitzheim. History, sights, traditions . Volkach 4 1987.

Web links

Commons : Stammheim am Main  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Parish communities in the Deanery Schweinfurt - South ( Memento of the original from January 27, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bistum-wuerzburg.de
  2. ^ Report on the founding festival of the parish community
  3. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 753 .
  4. ^ Ambrosi, Hans (among others): German Vinothek: Franconia . Pp. 50-52.
  5. ↑ Franken-Weinland: Best-of-Gold-2019 , accessed on May 18, 2019.
  6. ^ Government of Lower Franconia: Vineyards in Bavaria broken down by area , PDF file, accessed on May 16, 2019.
  7. ^ Ambrosi, Hans (among others): German Vinothek: Franconia . P. 237.