Zeilitzheim
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Zeilitzheim
community Kolitzheim
Coordinates: 49 ° 54 ′ 4 ″ N , 10 ° 16 ′ 12 ″ E
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| Residents : | 689 (Jun. 30, 2016) |
| Incorporation : | May 1, 1978 |
| Postal code : | 97509 |
| Area code : | 09381 |
 The market square of Zeilitzheim as seen from the castle
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Zeilitzheim is a district of the municipality of Kolitzheim in the southern district of Schweinfurt in Lower Franconia with 689 inhabitants (as of June 30, 2016). Zeilitzheim is a wine village with around 30 hectares of vineyards in the Franconian wine-growing region . The village has a preserved, historical townscape , with a fortified church and Zeilitzheim Castle .
Geographical location
Zeilitzheim is located in the southeast of the Kolitzheim municipality on the Volkach . To the northeast, Herlheim is connected to the village via the SW40 district road. The municipality of Frankenwinheim begins to the east , the district of Brünnstadt is closest to Zeilitzheim. To the south, also on the Volkachbach, rises the Zeilitzheimer Lohmühle . Further south, the area of the town of Volkach in the Kitzingen district begins with the Obervolkach district . To the west lies Gaibach , also a district of Volkach. The Franconian Marienweg leads through Zeilitzheim .
history
The ending -heim refers to a Franconian foundation in the 6th or 7th century. The original population was overtaken by the Franks and new places were founded. However, Zeilitzheim first appeared in a document in the 13th century. At that time it was called "Chulingisheim" or "Zulichesheim". In the 14th century the names "Zeuligszheim" and "Zulisheim" appeared in the sources. The name is probably derived from the personal name of someone who settled there.
During the Middle Ages, a family of ministers had their residence in the village. Cunradus de Zulisheim is documented between 1278 and 1293. Towards the end of the 13th century, the Grumbach took over the bailiwick as fiefs of the Würzburg bishopric. In 1328 the parish was established and Zeilitzheim broke away from the mother church in Herlheim. Up until the end of the Middle Ages, the noble landlords changed frequently. The Thüngfeld , the Zollner von der Hallburg and the Thüngen were wealthy there.
During the 16th century the Fuchs von Bimbach took more and more parts of the village into their possession. Rudolf Fuchs von Bimbach later introduced the Reformation in the village. With Argula von Grumbach, one of the great supporters of Luther's teachings came to Zeilitzheim. During the Thirty Years' War , foreign war forces repeatedly moved through Zeilitzheim. In 1640 the residents received a new rule when the Fuchs sold their village to the Wolf von Wolfsthal . In 1713 the Counts of Schönborn came to the village.
At the end of the Second World War , the village was supposed to be evacuated because it was planned to use the V2 rockets there . The evacuation order was later suspended and the Americans reached the village on April 9, 1945, coming from Volkach. Some SS units had posted themselves at the castle and were planning to fire at the advancing Americans with bazookas. However, their weapons had been unloaded and the invasion remained peaceful.
On January 31, 1977, the then mayor Franz Räth (SPD, born February 26, 1923 in Wadenbrunn , today in Kolitzheim ) disappeared without a trace. He had been in office since 1972.
On May 1, 1978, the previously independent community was incorporated into the Kolitzheim community. Since the middle of the 20th century, the acquisition of many Zeilitzheim citizens through viticulture has increased.
Culture and sights
Architectural monuments
Zeilitzheim Castle
The castle with hotel is a two-storey four-wing complex around a square inner courtyard. The builder was Andreas Keßler from Zeiler . He presented the plans to the Würzburg architect Antonio Petrini , who worked on them. The baroque building with its fifteen window axes was built between 1679 and 1683. The alliance coat of arms of Wolf von Wolfsthal and Würtzburg is located above the portal . You can get there via a double flight of stairs.
The so-called Schönborn Hall was designed by Giovanni Francesco Marchini . It was equipped with baroque illusion painting in 1735 . In addition to the cardinal virtues, there are busts of great figures of ancient times. The hall was built on behalf of Cardinal Damian Hugo Graf von Schönborn . For a long time, the parish's Catholic services were held in the large hunting hall. Today the castle is used as a winery.
Sigismund's Church
The center of the village is the Evangelical Lutheran parish church of St. Sigismund. It is with surrounding Gaden a fortified church . The church was built in the 15th century, and the tower was completed in 1451. However, there were always structural changes. In 1653 the church received the pointed helmet. The church presents itself as a choir tower church, the choir is equipped with a ribbed cross vault. The nave has a trapezoidal floor plan.
The characteristic galleries were built in the 17th century . At the same time, the ceiling received its wood paneling. Around 1700 the ceiling was beautified again, the cassette fields were painted with the pictures of the apostles . Another attraction of the church is the rococo organ from 1750 on one of the galleries. The large wooden crucifix in the choir, created by Karl Hemmeter from Munich, dates from the 20th century .
Further architectural monuments
The cemetery chapel dates from 1608 with a four-sided roof turret next to the cemetery that was newly laid out in the 17th century. A stone tablet at the chapel explains what happened during the witch hunt in Zeilitzheim. In 1616, the lay judge Linhard Schranz was accused of witchcraft and embarrassedly interrogated. In 1977 the chapel was converted into a funeral hall .
The former tannery on Brückenstraße on the edge of the old town center is also significant for the local history . Leather was tanned in the three-story building. Other tanner properties shape the area. The town center consists of a few small town houses from the 18th and 19th centuries. The marketplace was the Bavarian State Conservation Office as a monument placed under protective ensemble.
Fortified church
Castle courtyard
Castle: baroque interior
Entrance to a town house
The Volkach
graveyard
Say
The landmark setter
A drunk ran from the Gaibacher Kirchweih over the Steig to Zeilitzheim. On the way he came across a figure in white robes. She dragged a boundary stone in front of her and mumbled: “If I only knew where to put my boundary stone!” The drunken Zeilitzheimer replied fearlessly: “Put it where you took it from!” The ghost jumped for joy and cried : “Redeemed, redeemed!” At the same moment something fell on the ground in front of the drunk and the ghost disappeared. The Zeilitzheimer took the find and put it in his trouser pocket. The next day he said he had only dreamed the whole story and did not tell anyone about it. But when he looked in his trouser pocket, he discovered that there was a piece of gold in it. The creepy landmark setter was never seen again.
The robber barons
An old legend tells of a walk between the castle in Zeilitzheim and the ruins of Stettenburg near Obervolkach. The Stettenburg knights are said to have used the passage one day and attacked the Zeilitzheimers. First they ransacked the castle and robbed all valuables. They took all the castle residents and all servants and maids prisoners and murdered them in cold blood. When there was nothing more to get in the castle, the Stettenburgers tore open the large castle gate and attacked the village of Zeilitzheim. The village was set on fire and devastated. Since then, the Lords of Stettenberg were feared as robber barons. The Zeilitzheimers, however, avoided the long-abandoned Stettenburg because the legend got around that the robber barons could return.
Zeilitzheim Conferences
On June 14, August 16 and October 10, 1848, the Evangelical Lutheran congregation held the so-called Zeilitzheimer Conferences for the first time in town . You should drive the spiritual change, a reform of the Bavarian Lutheran Church. On June 21, 1849, at a follow-up conference, Johann Heinrich Wichern gave a lecture on the Inner Mission . The meetings took place regularly until 1855.
Economy and Infrastructure
Viticulture
Zeilitzheim is today a wine-growing area in the Franconian wine-growing region . There is a vineyard around the village, the wine has been marketed under the name Zeilitzheimer Heiligenberg since the 1970s. Zeilitzheim is part of the range Volkacher Main loop until 2017, the wineries in area were Maindreieck summarized. The shell limestone soils with a light layer of loess loam around Zeilitzheim are just as suitable for growing wine as the location in the Maingau climate zone, which is one of the warmest in Germany. The Zeilitzheim Wine Festival takes place in July.
The people of Franconia have been growing wine since the early Middle Ages . The Franconian settlers probably brought the vine to the Main in the 7th century. In the Middle Ages, the region was part of the largest contiguous wine-growing region in the Holy Roman Empire. The people mostly operated part-time viticulture for self-sufficiency , at the same time export centers were already emerging, especially along the Main. However, viticulture in Zeilitzheim is relatively young.
Viticulture experienced a major decline after secularization at the beginning of the 19th century. Above all, locations with less favorable climatic conditions were completely abandoned. In addition, the emergence of pests such as phylloxera made cultivation difficult . The Franconian wine-growing region was not able to consolidate again until the second half of the 20th century. The use of fertilizers and improved cultivation methods had contributed to this, as had the organization in cooperatives and the land consolidation of the 1970s.
| Vineyard | Size 1993 | Size 2019 | Compass direction | Slope | Main grape varieties | Great location |
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| Heiligenberg | 36 ha | 17 ha | South southwest | 12% | Müller-Thurgau , Bacchus | Volkacher Kirchberg |
Local call system
Zeilitzheim is one of the few places in Germany that still has a local call system . The electrical audio signals are transmitted to the more than 50 loudspeakers using 100-volt technology via a network of cables. This electro-acoustic system technology is also used for the sound reinforcement of airports and public buildings.
Winery and whiskey distillery
The winery and whiskey distillery Martin Mößlein has been distilling Franconian whiskey since 1996. The 2011 Whiskey Guide ranks the distillery among the top 3 of the best German whiskey distilleries.
societies
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Personalities
Sons and daughters of the place
- Johann Andreas Piccart (also Piccartus, 1620–1666), professor of history and theology, superintendent in Schweinfurt, theological writer
- Johann Friedrich Heunisch (1661–1725), high school professor, theological writer
- Johann Nikolaus Joachim (1751–1808), kuk councilor, member of the medical and surgical academy in Vienna
- Alois Griebel (1773 – after 1808), musician, composer
- Valentin Müller (1891–1951 in Munich ), German doctor, chief doctor in the German army in Italy in particular in Assisi during World War II
Connected with Zeilitzheim
- Argula von Grumbach (1492–1568), publicist and reformer, died at Zeilitzheim Castle
- Heinz Miederer (1928–1990), Rector of Diakonie Neuendettelsau, pastor in Zeilitzheim 1956–1963
literature
- Hans Ambrosi, Bernhard Breuer: German Vinothek: Franconia. Guide to the vineyards, winegrowers and their kitchens . Herford 2 1993.
- Johann Ludwig Klarmann: The Steigerwald in the past. A contribution to Franconian cultural studies . Gerolzhofen 2 1909.
- Fritz Siebenhaar: Zeilitzheim . In: Georg Güntsch (ed.): Castell - Grafschaft and Dean's Office . Erlangen 1991. pp. 110-115.
- Karl Treutwein : From Abtswind to Zeilitzheim. History, sights, traditions . Volkach 4 1987.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Homepage of the Kolitzheim community
- ↑ Measured with the help of the BayernAtlas
- ^ Treutwein, Karl: From Abtswind to Zeilitzheim . P. 277.
- ^ Treutwein, Karl: From Abtswind to Zeilitzheim . P. 279.
- ^ Unsolved criminal cases : A mayor disappears , Mainpost from March 27, 2015, quoted from www.kolitzheim.de
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 753 .
- ^ Treutwein, Karl: From Abtswind to Zeilitzheim . P. 275.
- ^ Treutwein, Karl: From Abtswind to Zeilitzheim . P. 280.
- ^ Siebenhaar, Fritz: Zeilitzheim . P. 112.
- ^ Ambrosi, Hans (among others): German Vinothek: Franconia . Pp. 50-52.
- ^ Government of Lower Franconia: Vineyards in Bavaria broken down by area , PDF file, accessed on May 16, 2019.
- ^ Ambrosi, Hans (among others): German Vinothek: Franconia . P. 237.
- ↑ Main-Post: Mainpost from May 1st, 2020 : The local intercom calls to prayer , accessed on May 1st, 2020.
- ↑ Whisky.de/Martin Mößlein. Retrieved August 25, 2018 .
- ↑ Klarmann, Johann Ludwig: The Steigerwald in the past . P. 216.
Gernach | Herleshof | Herlheim | Kolitzheim | Lindach | Lohmühle | Oberspiesheim | Stammheim | Unterspiesheim | Wadenbrunn | Zeilitzheim