Obervolkach

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Obervolkach
City of Volkach
Coat of arms of Obervolkach
Coordinates: 49 ° 52 ′ 21 ″  N , 10 ° 15 ′ 30 ″  E
Height : 207 m
Area : 6.22 km²
Residents : 591  (1987)
Population density : 95 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : January 1, 1978
Postal code : 97332
Area code : 09381
map
Location of Obervolkach (bold) in the city of Volkach
Obervolkach
Obervolkach

Obervolkach is a district of the town of Volkach in the Bavarian district of Kitzingen in Lower Franconia . Up until the voluntary merger with Volkach on January 1, 1978, Obervolkach was an independent municipality. The places were already connected in the 6th century and were located as "upper" and "lower" Volkach in the same district . It was not until the 9th century that Obervolkach and Volkach developed independently of one another.

The geographical location of the village on the main tributary Volkachbach also had a lasting impact on economic development. In the past, three mills were temporarily located. Because of its location on the river, Obervolkach is divided into two parts that were settled at different times. On the east side is the parish church of St. Nicholas, to the north-west is the cemetery with a chapel. An old bridge forms the connection.

Geographical location

Geography and natural location

Obervolkach is located in the northeast of the Volkacher municipality. To the north is the district of Schweinfurt, the municipality of Kolitzheim with the district of Zeilitzheim is closest to Obervolkach. The district of Volkach, Krautheim , begins in the northeast, and the Wenzelsmühle and Ziegelhütte wastelands extend just beyond Obervolkach. To the south-east, Rimbach adjoins the Obervolkach district, while the city of Volkach is located in the south-west and west . Gaibach is located in the northwest of Obervolkach.

The closest larger cities are Kitzingen with a distance of about 16 kilometers and Schweinfurt , which is about 19 kilometers away. The next big city is Würzburg, 25 kilometers away .

In terms of nature, the Obervolkach district is located in the Steigerwald foreland of Neuses , which is part of the Iphofen-Gerolzhofener Steigerwald forland within the Mainfränkische Platten .

The village lies in the Maingau climate zone , which is one of the driest and warmest in Germany. This also explains the local viticulture. Obervolkach is located in the north of the Main Franconian Basin between the Volkach and Schwarzach streams . The Main itself does not touch the Obervolkach district, but flows past some distance to the west. The two creeks Weidachbach and Volkach flow together in Obervolkach. The Rimbach flows into the Weidachbach there.

Village structure

The Volkachbach in Obervolkach

The Obervolkach district covers an area of ​​6.2 km². The village, through which the Volkachbach flows, is centrally located. The older part of the village with the local cemetery is in the northwest. A new development area was designated in the 1980s. The parish church was later built in the east. On this side there are also the communal water and a sewage treatment plant. In the sixties a residential area , the so-called settlement, was designated.

The two parts of the village are connected by two bridges. Outside the closed development, in the extreme south-east of the district, the community's sports field is located. In the north rise the remains of the Stettenburg castle stables. The north-west is occupied by the wasteland of Stettenmühle . There is also the only Aussiedlerhof in the area, the Buchhof. The fish farms are located in the far north-west.

There are only a few named corridors in the district. In particular, the surveys that are elementary for viticulture are recorded. The north is filled with the ruins described above from the Stettenberg . The Stöckach forest area begins further north . The vineyard rises to the northeast, the Wolfsberg to the south. The Tännig in the south is another forest area around Obervolkach. The Sambühl corridor is in the west.

history

Prehistory and early history (up to 906)

The area around Obervolkach was already settled in the Paleolithic era. No finds were made for the village itself, however, a settlement of linear ceramics and the Middle Neolithic was discovered in the immediate vicinity of Obervolkach . Elsewhere, a settlement was located that dates back to the Latène period. At that time, the Celts who had moved into the region overshadowed the original population.

Around 50 BC, Elbe-Germanic - Alemannic peoples advanced into the area around Obervolkach. During this period, the older Germanic conquest , the settlement of the village began. This is indicated by the ending -ach in the name. Together with the core of the later Volkach Obervolkach lay on a common market , although the places different population centers have. In Obervolkach the west side of the Volkachbach was first settled.

With the advance of the Franks in the 6th century AD, the Christianization of the Mainschleife was forced. The conquerors also brought the first administrative structures to Obervolkach. Together with the sister settlement, the village formed one of the primordial cells of the Germanic area development and was assigned to the Prosselsheim royal court as part of the Volkfeld . The king soon began to hand this closed land over to loyal rulers.

The Counts of Castell (before 1443)

The document of 906

Obervolkach was first mentioned in 906. Ludwig the child confirmed the donations made by his father Arnulf von Carinthia in a document . “Folchaa superior et inferior”, the lower and the upper Volkach, came to the Fulda Abbey in 889, along with many other places in the area . In the meantime, two places had emerged from the original sister settlements. The lower Volkach rose to a fortified trading center in the following years and soon dropped the suffix.

Only a short time the village remained part of the territory of the Boniface Abbey . In the shadow of the monastery and the rising monastery of Würzburg , the Counts of Castell established themselves as village lords on the Mainschleife. Obervolkach probably came to the up-and-coming counts before 1100, but there are no documents about this process. In 1257, however, the Casteller service man "Conrad de superiori Volka" (Conrad vom upper Volkach) was mentioned.

A year later, "villa Obernvolca" (village of Obervolkach) appeared in the partition contract between Counts Hermann I and Heinrich II. Zu Castell . In addition to the Counts of Castell as village lords, other gentlemen were wealthy in Obervolkach. In 1258 the Markuskloster in Würzburg was mentioned , in 1306 and 1307 the Johanniter appeared for the first time. In addition, the Würzburg monastery and the Cistercian monastery Ebrach established themselves in the village.

In terms of church, Obervolkach, like its sister settlement, was initially part of the original parish, which had its seat on the Vogelsburg . After the demise of these fortifications, the church was moved to the Volkacher Kirchberg , on which the Maria im Weingarten church is located today . Obervolkach managed to establish its own parish in the village before 1443, but the relevant documents burned and had to be renewed in the 15th century.

Changing rulers (until before 1590)

The cemetery portal from 1606

In the following period, the rule of the Casteller Counts fell, also due to the above-mentioned division, and the Hochstift Würzburg and the Counts of Henneberg divided the village rule over Obervolkach. At the same time, the fragmentation of the goods and the gradient in the place increased. The Fuchs von Dornheim , the Hessler von Heßberg , the Wenkheim , the Berlichingen , the Schaumberg, the Seckendorff, the Crailsheim and the Zollner von der Hallburg are named as wealthy in the village.

Due to the large number of landlords, Lutheran teaching quickly established itself in Obervolkach after 1517. However, initially only small parts of the population were attached to the new creed. The duties to the various gentlemen were felt to be depressing. In 1525, during the German Peasants' War, some Obervolkacher joined the Volkacher peasant heap, who plundered the Charterhouse in Astheim and the Carmelite monastery on the Vogelsburg.

In 1542, Bishop Konrad III succeeded. of Bibra to unite the rule of the village under his hand. Obervolkach became part of the prince-bishop's office of Volkach. However, the influence of the Protestant Henneberger continued for a long time. The Obervolkach mayor was still Lutheran in 1583 , and some clergymen in the parish were not celibate either . The Counter Reformation was forced under Magister Johann Hoffet, so that Obervolkach was again purely Catholic by 1590.

In the Würzburg Monastery (until 1803)

In 1614, the Würzburg bishop Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn tried to strengthen the old religion by renovating the village church and establishing a school. During the Thirty Years War , the official city of Volkach was occupied by the Protestant Swedes in 1631. The neighboring village of Obervolkach also suffered from the new masters. At this time the story of the ride of the Swedish King Gustav II Adolf over the Volkach Bridge was written in the village .

The Swedes brought diseases with them to Main Franconia , and the many passages and billeting did the rest. In 1632 Obervolkach had 57 deaths, in the following years 1633 and 1634 there were 20 and 38 deaths, respectively. With the recapture of Würzburg by the troops of the Catholic League on October 14, 1634, Swedish rule ended. Until 1648, Obervolkach still had to suffer from the passage of foreign soldiers.

Information about the village flows slowly from the following period. Obervolkach was part of the bishopric and the population was encouraged to piety . Many preserved monuments and wayside shrines were built in and around the village in the 18th century. Only the dissolution of the Würzburg bishopric in February 1803 brought a major change for the people of Obervolkach.

In Bavaria (until today)

The old gatehouse of the fortifications, demolished in 1921

With the secularization initiated by Napoleon , the clerical principalities were dissolved and their territories were incorporated into larger states. First, the Hochstift Würzburg with the village of Obervolkach came to Electoral Palatinate Bavaria , before it was awarded to the newly established Grand Duchy of Würzburg in 1806 . Only after this state structure was dissolved, Obervolkach finally became a royal Bavarian rural community .

In the meantime, the village continued to suffer from drafts and billeting during the coalition wars between 1806 and 1810. Obervolkacher were also involved in the wars of unification. A total of 20 soldiers were drafted in the Franco-Prussian War , seven men from the village did not return. In 1892 a nurses' station was set up in the village. The daughters of the Most Holy Redeemer were brought to the village to raise children ( see also the nurses' station ).

During the First World War , a total of 24 Obervolkacher died in the fighting. After the war, the last remnants of the fortifications around the village began to be torn down; the old gatehouse finally disappeared in 1921. The National Socialist dictatorship began in Obervolkach on April 17, 1933 with the inauguration of the so-called Hitlerstein in the community forest. 45 men from the village died during the Second World War .

On April 7, 1945, the Americans had already advanced to the nearby Vogelsburg . The Volkach Main Bridge was destroyed during the senseless fighting of the Wehrmacht's retreat and the American advance halted briefly. Therefore the Mainstadt Volkach was shot at. In Obervolkach, two people were injured by the American shelling. After the occupation by the Americans, the Obervolkach local group leader Georg Schindler was brought to Seligenstadt and shot there.

The occupation of Obervolkach ended after just ten days. In the post-war period , the modernization of the community began. A first settlement was opened between 1960 and 1978, and land consolidation was also promoted. At the same time the village received a sewer system and a sewage treatment plant. On January 1, 1978, Obervolkach was one of the last communities to be incorporated into the city of Volkach and thus lost its centuries of independence.

Place name

The name of the place Obervolkach goes back to the natural occurrences in the area. The ending -ach comes from Old High German . Aha meant body of water or running water. Obervolkach originated on the Volkach and Weidach streams, which is a so-called estuary name. The settlement goes back to the first century BC with the Germanic conquest. Obervolkach is one of the oldest places in the region.

“Folchaa superior” (upper Volkach), so the first name, was on the same mark as “Folchaa inferior” (lower Volkach), today's Volkach. The location names indicate different settlement centers. The Germanic word fulca , in Old High German folc , or in Middle High German volc is translated as war band or army heap . 1258 the village was called "villa Obernvolca" (village Obernvolca).

In the places in the area, the village is given the local name "Turkey". The Obervolkacher are called accordingly "Turks". The origin of the neckname is unclear, possibly it refers to the supposed southern appearance of the inhabitants. Perhaps it also points to the assumed origin of the Obervolkacher or goes back to the offside position of the village.

Administration and courts

The following administrative units were superordinate to the municipality of Obervolkach.

Obervolkach was judicially subordinate to the following instances.

coat of arms

Coat of arms of Obervolkach
 Blazon : "" Divided; a blue wave bar above in yellow; below in red three silver tips "."
Justification of the coat of arms: The structure and tinging of the former municipal coat of arms of Obervolkach is closely related to that of the sister settlement Volkach. The wavy bar indicates the Volkachbach, which flows through the village. The three red tips are borrowed from the Franconian rake as the coat of arms of Franconia.

politics

From mayor to local spokesman

The administration of Obervolkach was already taken over by a mayor in the late Middle Ages . Initially, these people were called village masters before the designation mayor prevailed. The mayors had no authority over the representatives of the government, but only represented the subjects in relation to the authorities .

The former school and town hall in Obervolkach
List of Mayors of Obervolkach (selection)
Surname Term of office Remarks
Vitus Haas 1906-1919
Adam Martin 1919-1928
Christoph Schindler 1928-1933
Karl Englert 1933-1941
Georg Kehlmeier 1941-1945 Deposed by the American military government
Franz Erhard 1945-1960 * August 12, 1886 in Obervolkach; 1960 Obervolkach honorary citizenship; † July 16, 1967 ibid
Karl Erhard 1960-1988 * November 1, 1927 in Obervolkach; Son of Franz Erhard; † January 16, 2013 ibid

The last mayor of Obervolkach, Karl Erhard, headed the community from 1960. He was supported by the local councilors Josef Thaler, Karl Englert, Johann Stahl, Anton Feuerbach, Andreas Feuerbach, Herbert Erhard and Otto Weis. In the course of the regional reform in Bavaria , the council approved the incorporation into Volkach on December 22, 1975. This was preceded by negotiations with the neighboring communities (Krautheim, Rimbach, Gaibach) to form an administrative community .

The incorporation to Volkach was completed on January 1, 1978. Obervolkach had received some privileges from the city that were prerequisites for membership. So the village could continue to use the sports field. The fairground in the community area also retained its function. Furthermore, the kindergarten and the hunting association remained. Today Obervolkach is represented by the local councilors Gerlinde Martin and Robert Amling in the Volkach city council.

Population development

For Obervolkach, specific population figures have been recorded since the beginning of the 19th century. At first there were always over 600 people in the village, so in 1830 there was an all-time high of 664 people in the village. Towards the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century, however, the population fell significantly. It was only after the Second World War that the number of inhabitants was displaced after the Second World War that a population of 664 was reached again. The number then leveled off at below 600.

year Residents year Residents year Residents
1810 605 1875 613 1950 664
1820 631 1888 587 1961 562
1830 664 1900 533 1970 592
1867 599 1925 535 1987 591

Culture and sights

Architectural monuments

Nicholas Church

The Church of St. Nikolaus in Obervolkach

The church is the center of the village today. A completely new district was created around them. The church probably already renounced the mother church on the Volkacher Kirchberg around 1330 , but the corresponding documents burned in the following time. Therefore the independence of the parish Obervolkach is only dated to the year 1435. The first church was probably built like a chapel and replaced in the following years.

Today, the Nikolauskirche presents itself primarily as a late Gothic building . A Julius Echter pointed helmet was given to the church at the beginning of the 17th century when the church was being renovated. In the post-war period , the old church soon became too small for the growing number of parishioners and plans were made to enlarge it. Therefore, the area was expanded by two thirds in 1976 and the church was rededicated in 1977.

Some valuable furnishings are kept inside the church. The oldest of these pieces date from the 15th and 16th centuries. The figures of John the Baptist and Mary come from the St. Michael's cemetery chapel . A figure of the winemaker's patron Urban came from there. It was created around 1490. The organ's prospectus made by Franz Ignaz Seuffert is particularly valuable .

Michaelskapelle and cemetery portal

Initially, the Obervolkach cemetery was around the parish church. When the population grew at the beginning of the 17th century, it was moved to the outskirts in 1606. This created the cemetery portal. It was decorated with three reliefs , the coat of arms of the client, the Würzburg prince-bishop Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn and a crucifixion relief . Another relief has an inscription.

The cemetery chapel was not built until 1716, when it was commissioned by the Würzburg bishop, Johann Philipp von Greiffenclau zu Vollraths . A small roof turret crowns the building facing the street . The chapel has several valuable furnishings, but is mostly not open to the public. A Pietà dates from the 16th century, three more figures were placed in the parish church.

Volkach Bridge

Another architectural monument is the old bridge over the Volkach , which connects the two parts of the village. In the northwest is the older village, with the parish church is the younger part of the village in the east. A bridge must have existed by the 17th century at the latest. However, it is completely unknown when a fixed transition can be dated at this point for the first time.

The Volkach Bridge consists of four stone yokes . On the north side it has several brick abutments . Due to the gradual expansion of the municipal road that leads over the bridge, today the Bürgermeister-Erhard-Straße, the facility had to be renewed in 1997. The bridge saint Johann von Nepomuk has adorned the bridge as an almost life-size statue since the 18th century .

Private houses and yards

The former rectory on Genglerstrasse

Smaller buildings from earlier times have also been preserved in Obervolkach. The oldest of these houses is the former rectory , which is now used as a residential building. It is marked with the year "1699" and presents itself as a two-storey hipped roof building with a round arch portal . Parts of the courtyard wall still exist. A barn, a hipped roof house with quarry stone masonry from the 18th century and a half-timbered outbuilding adjoin the courtyard. → see also: Pfarrhaus (Obervolkach)

A residential building at Dr.-Gengler-Straße 20 has a very similar appearance to the rectory. It is also built as a hipped roof, a half-timbered upper floor was plastered. The attached courtyard portal with a house figure dates back to 1740. The residential building at Bürgermeister-Erhard-Straße 18 was plastered in yellow . It is a two-storey hipped roof building in a corner position. One part of the economy dates back to the 18th and 19th centuries, the house gate to the year 1726.

The former Zehnthof , where the dues had to be paid to the village lords, was built in the 18th century on Landsknechtstraße. Today it is used as a residential building. It presents itself as a two-storey hipped roof building. The windows have partially drilled frames. The farm has a simple barn , which was also built in the 18th century.

A former inn on Landsknechtstrasse was classified as worth preserving. The building has drilled frames and was given a hipped roof in the 18th century. The most recent architectural monument is the former school and town hall in the middle of the village. It was inaugurated on May 1, 1875, because the old schoolhouse had become too narrow. It is a two-storey, eaves hipped roof building with preserved corner pilasters .

Wayside shrines and small memorials

The figure of Immaculata on Genglerstrasse

In the Catholic parish village there are a large number of mostly religious small monuments . The oldest of these objects are the so-called St. John's stones, which are set up around the chapel Jesus auf der Wies. However, they were not re-qualified by the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation. The stones go back to the year 1306, when the Johanniter from Würzburg surrounded some properties in the village with stones to draw borders.

The wayside shrine at the entrance to the northern vineyards dates back to the 16th century and the time of the Counter Reformation . The monolith is decorated with a relief of the crucifixion. The altarpiece at the Michael's chapel follows chronologically. As a crusader from 1716 it is a rarity in all of Franconia . Above the actual altar are the plastic figures of the stepped Christ. The stick was not re-qualified.

Another altarpiece on the road to Volkach is dated to 1748. It contains a coronation of Mary , above the figure of Saint Sebastian . A sandstone portal with typical Franconian pine tops, Landsknechtstraße number 20, dates from the 18th and 19th centuries. A small path chapel at the entrance to the Stettenburg was probably built in the 18th century.

The figure of an Immaculata from the 18th or 19th century sits on the wall of a new building. Mary, surrounded by a wreath of stars, holds a rose in her hands. Two sweeping volutes have also been preserved. In 1896 the Marian Column was erected in front of the Church of St. Nicholas as a war memorial with the names of the fallen in memory of the Franco-German War . A specialty from Obervolkach are two crucifixes in the four-nail type at prominent points in the village, which date to the beginning of the 20th century. One of them is on the western outskirts on the old road towards Volkach. The sandstone cross merges into a base with a beveled table. The second crucifix is ​​located above the state road St 2274, today's connection to Volkach.

  • The tower of the parish church of St. Nicholas

  • The chapel of St. Michael with the cemetery wall

  • The bridge over the Volkach

  • The former school and town hall

  • The boundary stones of the Johanniter

  • The wayside shrine from 1716

  • The Marian column in front of the church

Stettenburg castle ruins

The Stettenburg is actually on the corridor of the Volkach district of Stettenmühle. However, the Burgstall is surrounded by the Obervolkacher vineyards. The castle was probably built at the beginning of the 13th century, as indicated by the stone blocks that have been preserved. As early as 1225, when the Stettenburg was first mentioned, the castle was in ruins. Probably the Casteller ministerials from Stettenberg had their headquarters there.

In the 14th century, the Counts of Castell planned to rebuild the castle, but these plans failed due to the resistance of the Würzburg prince-bishop. Only the remains of the former keep as well as two ditches and the foundations of the curtain wall have survived, from which it can be concluded that the castle was originally a one-piece hilltop castle with a rectangular floor plan.

Chapel of Jesus on the Wies

The chapel is officially located in the adjacent Rimbach district. However, the parish in Obervolkach has long maintained the building, which is classified as a Rimbach architectural monument . An old pilgrimage route to the church Maria im Sand in Dettelbach led past. A richly decorated wayside shrine originally stood there, but a small chapel was built in the 17th century.

After a foundation in 1872, the Obervolkach town council decided to have the chapel renewed. The building in its current form as a small rectangular structure was completed by 1874. A polygonal choir closes it off to the west. Nowadays most of the items are in the Nikolauskirche in Obervolkach. Only a wayside shrine relief, embedded in the outer wall of the choir, still comes from the old furnishings.

Volkach and Weidach mills

A specialty of Obervolkach are the many mills on the Volkachbach and on the Weidach, which ensured the grain supply for the population for centuries . Today only one of these mills still exists, the so-called Gründleinsmühle ( see also Economy ). It was first mentioned at the end of the 16th century. At that time there were two village mills, water disputes prove a competition between the two companies.

On July 21, 1589 a new grinder is reported. In 1593, complaints about the damming of the Mühlbach increased and parts of the village were flooded. The millers then had to dismantle their weirs and clean the stream. In 1745 Peter Rössner is named as the owner of the mill. He filled in the old stream and dug a new one. This caused great damage to the Volkach millers and had to be reversed after paying a fine.

Georg Schmitt acquired the mill in 1874. Now the name Gründleinsmühle appeared for the first time. Schmitt expanded the mill operations and also supplied bakeries in the area. In 1905 Karl Englert from Grünsfeld married into the Müller family, in 1906 two new turbines were purchased. In 1925 the grain store was outsourced. Even during the Second World War, the mill did not decline. In 1958 and 1960, production began to be converted to ready-made animal feed.

The brick mill is on the way to Krautheim . It was in operation for 80 to 100 years. Most recently it was operated by the so-called steel millers for at least two generations. The mill had to be stopped after the land consolidation in 1973. In the so-called Fuchsenmühle in the direction of Zeilitzheim , milling continued until the 1950s. The last miller was called Bausenwein.

Nurse's Station (1893-1970)

List of the superiors of the ward
Surname Term of office
Maria Ludovica 1893-1917
Maria Iro 1917-1923
Maria Eulogia 1923-1924
Maria Viridiana 1924-1933
Maria Calamanda 1933-1968

In the second half of the 19th century, the Bavarian state subsidized the establishment of kindergartens in rural regions. Volkach received a children's institution in 1857, Kitzingen followed in 1860. These institutions were established as so-called private institutes. They were operated by private companies and received regulatory approval. Most of them were brought into being by founders and run by sisters.

In Obervolkach, pastor Johann Barthelme, clergyman in Laudenbach near Karlstadt and born in Obervolkach, bequeathed a total of 7,000 marks in 1890 for the establishment of a kindergarten. His brother Georg Josef Barthelme, pastor in Sulzfeld am Main , added another 2,000 marks to the amount. The municipality then drew up a first cost plan in 1891. However, since she was heavily in debt due to a forest purchase in 1874, the construction of a kindergarten was initially discarded.

The local pastor Philipp Gengler wanted to found a so-called Elisabethen-Verein in order to receive donations. In 1891 the Association for Poor Care was founded and began to collect donations. The location was the estate of Anna Maria Weisensee. In February 1892 he submitted a financing plan for the purchase of the two-story half - timbered building . It was dilapidated and the community was reluctant to purchase the property.

Gengler then bought the house and had it renovated. He offered the community to rent it for 50 marks. Nevertheless, the municipality of Obervolkach initially did not accept the offer. It was not until August 28, 1892 that the decision to set up the kindergarten was passed. Sisters should take over the administration. First, two daughters of the Most Holy Redeemer were brought from Würzburg , and a third was employed in 1893.

On April 28, 1893, the children's institution received final government approval. This date is considered to be the foundation date. On May 1st, over 50 children visited the institution for the first time. The institution initially remained a denominational kindergarten under the supervision of the pastor and the church administration; it was not until 1920 that it came under the supervision of the Caritas associations .

In 1932 the first improvements to the building were made. During the National Socialist dictatorship , the kindergarten remained denominational. It was allowed to reopen immediately after the surrender in 1945. The property was meanwhile in need of renovation . The community then built a new house between 1955 and 1956. It was inaugurated on November 11, 1956.

Two years later, in 1958, the congregation renewed the contract with the sisters. Ten years later, long-time members of the Sisters' Convention received honorary citizenship. After the death of the last Mother Superior Calamanda 1968, the sister Clavera stayed two years and was placed in the 1970th The nurses' station in Obervolkach was closed, but the kindergarten remained.

Regular events

Several regular events shape the course of the year in Obervolkach. On the night of April 30th to May 1st, the Obervolkacher celebrate the May Festival, during which the maypole , a birch , is set up on the edge of the village. In the Shrovetide carnival association Obervolkach organized several meetings of the penalty in Council. Nationally known carnivalists also perform here.

The focus of the festival calendar is the Obervolkach wine festival . It always takes place on the last weekend in July and was at times the second largest wine festival on the Mainschleife with over 20,000 guests . Initially, the Catholic rural youth organized a garden wine festival in 1969, which was soon merged with the parish fair. This resulted in today's wine festival, which takes place on the former municipal lawn.

Say

Similar to Gaibach, Volkach and Rimbach, there is also the legend of the Hoi-Mann in Obervolkach, who was banished to the Haardt Forest between Obervolkach and Rimbach as an evil administrator in the Gaibach Castle after his death and who is there as a ghost.

A farmer had collected wood in the forest and wanted to drive home with his wagon . While still in the forest the wagon suddenly stopped and the horses stopped moving. The farmer then hitched more horses to the wagon, but he still did not move. The farmer prayed , which didn't help either, and then in desperation uttered a curse on the Hoi man. Then the car started moving again.

The Obervolkacher met once to steal wood in the Haardt. So they moved into the forest that night. But there they heard a carter screaming very loudly and moved in the direction of the noise. They discovered a wine grower with a load of wine barrels in a clearing . The wagon was stuck. They wanted to help when they saw that the carter had no head. They went home quickly. The next day there was nothing to be seen of the wagon.

A girl wanted to collect pine cones with her mother in the Haardt Forest. Her mother had left her alone for a moment when the girl spotted a man without a head on a tree. There he cut off the bark of the tree with a hammer. The girl ran to her mother and said to her: "Look, there is a little man sitting there, he has no head and yet hits the shelves with a hammer!" The mother quickly left the forest with her daughter.

Economy and Infrastructure

economy

The economy of Obervolkach has been shaped by the methods still practiced since the Middle Ages . On the one hand, the waters that flow through the village offered resources for fishing , on the other hand, the water power was used to operate several mills ( see also mills ). Viticulture soon established itself on the southern slopes of the hills and mountains in the area, supplementing the village's economy.

In the 19th century there was a brewery in Obervolkach . For the first time, Georg Wohlfahrt, a brewer, appeared in the village in 1835, and later the son Peter Wohlfahrt presumably took over the brewery. However, as early as 1842 Joseph Meißner ran the so-called Wohlfahrtbräu, which was housed in a building with stables on Volkacher Strasse. The brewing operation is documented for the last time between 1870 and 1876.

Today, the vineyards upper Volkachs are able summarized upper Volkacher mercenary. The nearby Mainschleife led to an increase in excursion tourism, especially through the rental of holiday apartments . The last existing mill, the Gründleinsmühle, has specialized in the production of bakery products and animal feed. The Gerstner fish farm manages 100 hectares of pond areas and is one of the larger breeders in Bavaria.

Vineyard Size 1887 Size 1940 Size 1976 Size 1993 Compass direction Slope Main grape varieties Great location
Landsknecht 43 hectares 11 ha 25.1 ha 53 ha southwest 15-40% Müller-Thurgau , Silvaner Volkacher Kirchberg

traffic

For a long time Obervolkach was rather insignificant in terms of traffic. After the rise of Volkach, which as a two-gate city oriented to the north or south, Obervolkach was in an offside position. Only the road between Volkach and Gerolzhofen led through the village. Later this traffic connection acquired an additional religious meaning through the processions of the Obervolkacher to the church Maria im Weingarten. The expansion of this connection began in the 1960s.

Today the State Road St 2274 runs as Dr.-Gengler-Straße through the village in the direction of Krautheim. The previous street, today the Alte Obervolkacher Straße, connected Volkach and Obervolkach along the Volkachbach, today's street is higher up. From Gaibach, the district road KT 33 leads to Obervolkach past the Stettenmühle. The street Am Seegrund, originally the district street SW 40 , also joins there . In the south the county road KT 36 connects the place with Rimbach.

A bus stop at Nikolauskirche (Bürgermeister-Erhard-Strasse) is served by three VGN lines. Line 8105 (Volkach- Kürnach- Würzburg), line 8137 (Schweinfurt- Schwebheim - Hirschfeld ) and line 8290 ( Gernach / Münsterschwarzach -Volkach-Gerolzhofen) stop in Obervolkach. The tourist Mainschleife shuttle does not go to Obervolkach, but the city of Volkach has set up a citizens' bus .

education

List of teachers (selection)
Surname Term of office
Adam angel 1896-1927
Gerhard Glöckner 1927-1950
Vinzenz Reisenbüchler 1950-1972

The first schoolhouse in Obervolkach is proven in 1614. It was built in the course of the Counter Reformation by Bishop Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn in front of the parish church. It is possible that a school existed before, but it does not appear in the sources. In 1811 the old school house was repaired, in 1859 the roof had become ruined and had to be replaced. On February 21, 1872 an extension of the building was planned.

A short time later, the community decided on a new building, which was inaugurated on May 1, 1875 on Hauptstrasse. At that time the Obervolkach school was already so busy that one teaching position was soon no longer enough. In 1886 the village received a second teaching position. In 1906 the new school building was rebuilt. In 1965 the establishment of an association school was planned, but from 1969 the children were already being taught in Volkach.

After the school in Obervolkach was finally closed in 1972, only the kindergarten remained in the village. After the nurses 'station was closed ( see also nurses' station ), he was looked after by private individuals. From 1973, an educational mandate for the Bavarian kindergartens was set and the Obervolkach facility came under municipal sponsorship. In 1971, the Rimbachers also attended the Obervolkach kindergarten. Since 1978 the kindergarten has been run by the city.

Basic education is provided by the Volkach elementary school, in whose district Obervolkach has been located since 1972. Elementary and middle schools in nearby Volkach were combined under this name. Schoolchildren can obtain the qualifying secondary school leaving certificate and, via the so-called M-branch , the secondary school leaving certificate. Adult education is provided by the Volkach Adult Education Center.

The higher education also takes place in Volkach with the girls' secondary school. In the Volkach district of Gaibach there is the Franken-Landschulheim Schloss Gaibach, a grammar school with secondary school and boarding school. The Steigerwald-Landschulheim in Wiesentheid is also close to Obervolkach. In addition, the pupils can visit the private monastery high school in Münsterschwarzach.

Associations and associations

The fire station in Urbanstrasse

In Obervolkach there is a volunteer fire brigade founded in 1874 , which is organized in a fire brigade association. There have been several major fires in the community since it was founded. The fire station is in the middle of the village on Urbanstrasse. In 1977 the first engine extinguisher (TS 8/8) was purchased. Today the fire brigade owns a portable pump vehicle (TSF). Acting commander is Roland Seufert.

The choral society "Frohsinn" was founded in 1899. A sports club that was founded in 1951 as the 1951 sports club Obervolkach e. V. was re-established, has existed in Obervolkach since 1930. In 1952 the sports field on the edge of the village in the direction of Rimbach was inaugurated. At times the association had over 400 members. In addition to the football department, there is a netball team.

With the Carnival Association Obervolkach (KVO), the village has a regional peculiarity. Carnival has been celebrated in the town since 1964, and the association was established in 1972. A winegrowers association was founded in 1976. The Obervolkach also belong to the following clubs and associations: the CSU - local association , the Catholic rural youth, a mothers 'and senior citizens' meeting , the Wanderfreunde 1974 Obervolkach-Volkach e. V. and the riding and driving club Mainschleife and the surrounding area.

Personalities

The epitaph of Endres Wolf on St. Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna

Endres Wolf (* 1503; † February 9, 1568) was born in Obervolkach and traveled to Vienna , probably as a representative of the Fuggers . His epitaph is attached to the facade of St. Stephen's Cathedral . Its origin is indicated there with "vô obern Volckhach". He must have made some fortune abroad.

During the 18th and 19th centuries, two clergymen from Obervolkach in particular stood out. Johann Baptist Martin (* 1793; † 1854) became a grammar school professor in Munich and Passau and taught there as a philosophy and history teacher. In 1821 he was the teacher of the future French emperor Napoleon III. In 1838 he became a pastor in Fürstenzell and distinguished himself as a writer. Georg Joseph Barthelme (* 1833; † ????) was also a pastor and also wrote historical biographies.

In the 20th century, the community granted some personalities honorary citizenship . First, the former mayor Franz Erhard (* August 12, 1886, † July 16, 1967) was honored in 1960. He headed the community between 1945 and 1960 and promoted the modernization of Obervolkach after the Second World War . The local pastor Nikolaus Philipp Gengler (* July 14, 1894, † March 31, 1983) also became an honorary citizen. He presided over the parish in difficult times. A street was named after both of them.

On March 19, 1968, two sisters of the children's detention center in the village received additional honorary citizenships for their services to raising children. Calamanda Bachmann (* August 18, 1889, † December 18, 1968) was the last superior of the small community. Sister Clavera Köhler (born April 26, 1896 - † August 4, 1975) remained as the last clerical teacher in the kindergarten.

literature

Literature about Obervolkach

  • Gerhard Egert: The epitaph of Endres Wolf von Obervolkach at St. Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna . In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Our Main Loop. 1993-2007 . Volkach 2008. pp. 213-216.
  • Gerhard Egert: Obervolkach . In: Jesko Graf zu Dohna (Ed.): Kulturpfad. In the footsteps of the Counts of Castell . Münsterschwarzach 2004. pp. 126–127.
  • Gerhard Egert: Obervolkach - an outline of the local history up to 1803 . In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Our Main Loop. 1978-1992 . Volkach 2008. pp. 20-22.
  • Ute Feuerbach: 25 years of Müttertreff Obervolkach. A look at the family of the Federal Republic of Germany at the end of the 20th century . In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Our Main Loop. 2008-2017 . Volkach 2018. pp. 67–71.
  • Ute Feuerbach: The Kreuzschlepper in Obervolkach . In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Our Main Loop. 1993-2007 . Volkach 2008. pp. 364-368.
  • Ute Feuerbach: The kindergarten under construction: 1970–1984 . In: Festausschuss Kindergarten Obervolkach (Ed.): 100 Years Kindergarten Obervolkach (= Volkacher Mainschleife, issue 10). Obervolkach 1993. pp. 83-90.
  • Ute Feuerbach: The new beginning after 1945: The community builds today's kindergarten and the farewell to the sisters. 1945-1970 . In: Festausschuss Kindergarten Obervolkach (Ed.): 100 Years Kindergarten Obervolkach (= Volkacher Mainschleife, issue 10). Obervolkach 1993. pp. 76-82.
  • Ute Feuerbach: From infant care facility to kindergarten (1893–1945) . In: Festausschuss Kindergarten Obervolkach (Ed.): 100 Years Kindergarten Obervolkach (= Volkacher Mainschleife, issue 10). Obervolkach 1993. pp. 61-67.
  • Ute Feuerbach: How Obervolkach got to his kindergarten . In: Festausschuss Kindergarten Obervolkach (Ed.): 100 Years Kindergarten Obervolkach (= Volkacher Mainschleife, issue 10). Obervolkach 1993. pp. 13-27.
  • Nikolaus Gengler: Brief history of Obervolkach . Volkach undated
  • Catholic rectory Obervolkach (Ed.): Obervolkach. Consecration, Primiz 1977 . Münsterschwarzach 1977.
  • Rudi Krauss: Secret castle stable over the vineyards. Inventory and description of the fortifications in the “Stettenburg” stables near Obervolkach . In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Our Main Loop. 1978-1992 . Volkach 2008. pp. 103-107.
  • Hermann Spörer: Contributions to the school history of Obervolkach. Admission work. mach . Wuerzburg 1968.

Other literature used

  • Gerhard Egert: The honorary citizens of the city of Volkach . In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Our Main Loop. 1993-2007 . Volkach 2008. pp. 52-58.
  • Gerhard Egert: The place names as a historical settlement source. Situation structure and interpretation . In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Volkach. 906-2006 . Volkach 2006. pp. 11-16.
  • Gerhard Egert: The political spatial planning in the area of ​​the Volkacher Mainschleife around 1814 . In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Our Main Loop. 1978-1992 . Volkach 2008. pp. 267-270.
  • Gerhard Egert: On the history of fruit growing on the Mainschleife 1700–1900 . In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Our Main Loop. 1978-1992 . Volkach 2008. pp. 47-58.
  • Ute Feuerbach: The dispute over the eighth grade . In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Volkach. 906-2006 . Volkach 2006. pp. 186-188.
  • Ute Feuerbach: The Protestant Congregation . In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Volkach. 906-2006 . Volkach 2006. pp. 261-267.
  • Ute Feuerbach: The Counts of Castell in Volkach . In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Volkach. 906-2006 . Volkach 2006. pp. 19-26.
  • Ute Feuerbach: Court and Office Volkach . In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Volkach. 906-2006 . Volkach 2006. pp. 47-56.
  • Ute Feuerbach, Christa Volk: Volkach and its districts . Erfurt 2011.
  • Johann Ludwig Klarmann: The Steigerwald in the past. A contribution to Franconian cultural studies . Gerolzhofen 2 1909.
  • Johann Ludwig Klarmann, Karl Spiegel: Legends and sketches from the Steigerwald. Reprint of the 1912 edition . Neustadt an der Aisch 1982.
  • Herbert Meyer: Nepomuk on the Mainschleife . In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Our Main Loop. 1993-2007 . Volkach 2008. pp. 284-289.
  • Franz Pfrang: The history of viticulture on the Main loop . In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Our Main Loop. 1978-1992 . Volkach 2008. pp. 23-28.
  • Ludwig Reinhold: About the Steigerwald as it was and how it is. A book for entertainment and instruction for everyone . Gerolzhofen 1877.
  • Karl Schneider: The breweries on the Mainschleife. Your present and past . Dettelbach 2003.
  • Erika Stadler: On the trail of Volkach's town mills . In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Our Main Loop. 1978-1992 . Volkach 2008. pp. 279-286.
  • Karl Treutwein : From Abtswind to Zeilitzheim. History, sights, traditions . Volkach 4 1987.

Web links

Commons : Obervolkach  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB  94240937X , p. 366 ( digitized version ).
  2. ↑ Geography Giersbeck: Map 152 Würzburg , PDF file, accessed on January 8, 2019.
  3. ↑ Catholic Parish Office Obervolkach (Ed.): Obervolkach . P. 6.
  4. ^ Egert, Gerhard: Obervolkach . P. 20.
  5. ^ Gengler, Nikolaus: A short history of Obervolkach . P. 3.
  6. ↑ Catholic Parish Office Obervolkach (Ed.): Obervolkach . P. 13.
  7. ^ Egert, Gerhard: Obervolkach . P. 21.
  8. ↑ Feuerbach, Ute: The evangelical community . P. 262.
  9. ^ Gengler, Nikolaus: A short history of Obervolkach . P. 5.
  10. ^ Gengler, Nikolaus: A short history of Obervolkach . P. 6.
  11. ^ Egert, Gerhard: The place names as a historical settlement source . P. 11 f.
  12. ^ Unterfränkisches Dialektinstitut: Ortsnecknames in Unterfranken , accessed on March 10, 2018.
  13. ^ Volkach town hall.
  14. ^ Egert, Gerhard: Obervolkach . P. 21.
  15. ↑ Egert, Gerhard: The honorary citizens of the city of Volkach . P. 57.
  16. ↑ InFranken: Former Mayor Erhard celebrates his 85th birthday , accessed on September 15, 2016.
  17. ↑ Catholic Parish Office Obervolkach (Ed.): Obervolkach . P. 6.
  18. ↑ Main-Post: Karl Erhard died , accessed on September 15, 2016.
  19. ↑ Ute Feuerbach u. a .: Volkach and its districts . P. 26.
  20. ↑ Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 1301 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digital copy ).
  21. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria - edited on the basis of the census of September 13, 1950 . Issue 169 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1952, DNB  453660975 , Section II, Sp. 1186 ( digitized version ).
  22. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Localities directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to government districts, administrative districts, ... then with an alphabetical register of locations, including the property and the responsible administrative district for each location. LIV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1888, Section III, Sp. 1236 ( digitized version ).
  23. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 868 ( digitized version ).
  24. ^ Egert, Gerhard: Obervolkach . P. 21.
  25. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 1318 ( digitized version ).
  26. ^ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria . Issue 335 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1973, DNB  740801384 , p. 188 ( digitized version ).
  27. ↑ Kgl. Statistisches Bureau (Ed.): Directory of the municipalities of the Kingdom of Bavaria according to the status of the population in December 1867 . XXI. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Ackermann, Munich 1869, p. 203 ( digitized version ).
  28. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Localities directory for the Free State of Bavaria according to the census of June 16, 1925 and the territorial status of January 1, 1928 . Issue 109 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1928, Section II, Sp. 1355 ( digitized version ).
  29. ↑ Reinhold, Ludwig: About the Steigerwald, how it was and how it is . P. 295 f.
  30. ^ Spörer, Hermann: Contributions to the school history of Obervolkach . P. 25.
  31. ↑ Krauss, Rudi: Secret castle stable over the vineyards . P. 103.
  32. ↑ Stadler, Erika: In the footsteps of the Volkach town mills . P. 287.
  33. ↑ Stadler, Erika: In the footsteps of the Volkach town mills . P. 289.
  34. ↑ Feuerbach, Ute: From the infant care facility to the kindergarten . P. 65.
  35. ↑ Feuerbach, Ute: How Obervolkach came to his kindergarten . P. 13.
  36. ↑ Feuerbach, Ute: From the infant care facility to the kindergarten . P. 63.
  37. ↑ Feuerbach, Ute: The new beginning after 1945 . P. 78.
  38. ↑ Catholic Parish Office Obervolkach (Ed.): Obervolkach . P. 40.
  39. ^ Treutwein, Karl: From Abtswind to Zeilitzheim . P. 182.
  40. ↑ Klarmann, Johann Ludwig (among others): Legends and sketches from the Steigerwald . P. 202.
  41. ^ Schneider, Karl: The breweries on the Main loop . P. 103 f.
  42. ^ Gründleinsmühle: Homepage , accessed on September 23, 2016.
  43. ↑ Fischzucht Gerstner: Homepage , accessed on September 23, 2016.
  44. ^ Pfrang, Franz: On the history of viticulture on the Main loop . P. 28.
  45. ^ Bauer, Hans: District of Kitzingen . P. 191.
  46. ↑ Catholic Parish Office Obervolkach (Ed.): Obervolkach . P. 6.
  47. ↑ VVM-Info: Flyer Bürgerbus Volkach , PDF file, accessed on September 23, 2016.
  48. ↑ Catholic Parish Office Obervolkach (Ed.): Obervolkach . P. 50.
  49. ^ Spörer, Hermann: Contributions to the school history of Obervolkach . P. 33.
  50. ↑ Feuerbach, Ute: The kindergarten under construction . P. 85.
  51. ^ KFV Kitzingen: Freiwillige Feuerwehr Obervolkach , accessed on September 13, 2016.
  52. ↑ SV-Obervolkach: Homepage ( Memento of the original from September 16, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed September 13, 2016. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.sv-obervolkach.de
  53. ↑ Egert, Gerhard: The epitaph of the Endres Wolf von Obervolkach . P. 214.
  54. ^ House of Bavarian History: Johann Baptist Martin , accessed on September 29, 2018.
  55. ↑ Klarmann, Johann Ludwig: The Steigerwald in the past . P. 205.
  56. ↑ Egert, Gerhard: The honorary citizens of the city of Volkach . P. 57 f.