Julius Echter Tower
The Julius-Echter-Turm (also Echterturm) is a special type of church tower that goes back to the former prince-bishop of Würzburg , Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn . The tower shape is typical for the Lower Franconian region. Its roof with a buckled helmet or a pointed, octagonal helmet on a square floor plan is defining the style. The design is assigned to the post-Gothic .
Historical classification
In the first half of the 16th century, the beginning of the Reformation also began to affect the prince-bishopric of Würzburg . Many smaller rulers switched to the new faith, the Peasants' War of 1525 did the rest, so that a patchwork of Protestant and Catholic petty lords emerged. The Würzburg bishops, especially Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn, who ruled at the end of the century, tried to master this development through the so-called “Counter Reformation”.
Sometimes violence and blackmail were used to drive the fallen villages back to the Catholic faith. Another element of this re-Catholicization of the region was a reorganization of the parishes and parishes of the diocese. However, the most obvious and still visible witnesses of this time are the rebuilt or completely rebuilt churches, which were built in a kind of building program according to predetermined plans.
The real tower as a structural element is continued into the modern age. In 1954/1955, for example, the Evangelical Lutheran St. Mark's Church was built in the Middle Franconian city of Erlangen using Romanesque and Gothic style elements with a west tower modeled on the real tower.
tower
The tower substructure typically has a square floor plan, with existing, massive Romanesque and Gothic towers mostly only being supplemented. The additions mostly comprised an increase in the original storeys so that the towers with at least three storeys could be seen from afar in the landscape. The window layout in existing churches was retained, otherwise oval windows with sandstone frames predominate.
The newly erected towers were mostly divided by sandstone cornices so that the storeys could also be seen from the outside. Pointed-arched sound openings with post-Gothic tracery were attached to the top floor, which also housed the bells. Many churches also had one or more clocks on the outside of the towers. They were placed in front of or next to the sound openings .
Another typical element is the so-called real pointed helmet. A flat beginning leads to an octagonal, high pointed helmet. The transition between the square shape of the tower and the octagonal shape of the helmet is achieved through the use of slips . The helmets are covered with slate and usually end in a gold-plated tower button on which a cross has been attached.
Churches with real towers (selection)
The churches with Real towers are found mainly in Maindreieck , which formed the center of the Bishopric of Würzburg. From here their distribution extends to the Rhön in the north and the Taubertal in the south. To the west there are towers up to the Spessart , east to the Steigerwald . At the outermost edges of the former bishopric, some Protestant churches also took over the characteristic features of the tower. Many towers have been built over and changed over the centuries, so that around 140 Julius Echter towers have survived today.
place | district | church | Denomination | Description in the lists of architectural monuments | image |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Abersfeld | Schweinfurt district | St. Mary of the Assumption | Catholic | Choir tower church, tower 1613-14 over the older core, nave 1688, extended in 1970 | |
Albertshofen | Kitzingen district | Protestant church | Evangelical Lutheran | Choir tower 15th century, nave and tower upper floor probably 1617 | |
Alsleben (Trappstadt) | District of Rhön-Grabfeld | St. Kilian | Catholic | Hall church with retracted choir and tower of a former choir tower church east of the choir, tower basement late medieval, around 1500, tower upper storey with pointed helmet around 1610 | |
Altbessingen | Main-Spessart district | St. Aegidius u. Assumption Day | Catholic | Hall building with retracted polygonal choir and tower to the north, early church in the area, new building in 1614 | |
Altenschönbach | Kitzingen district | St. Mary | Evangelical Lutheran | Hall building with polygonal choir and tower to the south, ossuary, northern nave wall 1496, other masonry older | |
Altershausen (Königsberg in Bavaria) | Haßberge district | St. Mauritius | Evangelical Lutheran | Hall building with saddle roof and stepped gable, choir tower with pointed roof, ashlar elements in sandstone, late Gothic complex, restored in the 17th and 19th centuries, nave from 1849 | |
Althausen (Bad Königshofen in Grabfeld) | District of Rhön-Grabfeld | St. Mary Magdalene | Catholic | Choir tower church, solid construction, tower with pointed helmet in the core late Gothic, 14th century, post-Gothic raised after 1611, nave with saddle roof 1693–1708, changed “1785” (marked on the north portal), western extension in the second half of the 19th century | |
Althausen (Münnerstadt) | Bad Kissingen district | St. Cyriac | Catholic | Hall building with retracted choir, on the north side a late Gothic tower with pyramid roof, nave 1748–1751; with enclosure, probably at the same time | |
Arnshausen | Bad Kissingen district | St. Peter and Paul | Catholic | Hall building with retracted choir and northern tower with pointed helmet, former choir tower of the previous house, 14th century, nave and choir new building from 1613, with a modern extension in the north from 1977 | |
Aschach (Bad Bocklet) | Bad Kissingen district | St. Trinity | Catholic | Hall building with retracted choir and tower in front to the west, in the core from 1447, upper floors of the tower from 1608, the nave 1615/16 heightened and vaulted | |
Bad Bocklet | Bad Kissingen district | St. Lawrence and Mauritius | Catholic | Hall building with retracted choir, two-storey west tower, basement designed as a vestibule, late Gothic core, around 1600 | |
Bad Kissingen | Bad Kissingen district | St. James | Catholic | Massive central building with a choir tower in front to the east with pointed helmet, tower basement, 14th century core, tower construction 1607/08, centralizing new nave, early Classicist, by Johann Philipp Geigel, 1772–75 | |
Baldersheim (Aub) | Würzburg district | St. George | Catholic | Choir tower church, hall with retracted choir and choir tower with pointed helmet, 1609–16, tower marked “1609”, nave redesign, 1901 | |
Bergtheim | Würzburg district | St. Bartholomew | Catholic | Church tower, former choir tower of the Catholic Church, which was largely renewed in 1963. Parish church of St. Bartholomew, solid building on a square floor plan with pointed helmet, medieval basement, upper floors 1604 | |
Bibergau | Kitzingen district | St. Simon and Jude | Catholic | Hall building with choir tower from 1630, nave 1732 | |
Bischofsheim on the Rhön | District of Rhön-Grabfeld | St. George | Catholic | Post-Gothic, three-aisled basilica with gable roof and monopitch roofs, massive plastered building with structural elements in sandstone, central nave-wide polygonal closed choir, six-storey choir flank tower with pointed helmet, 1607–1610 | |
Bolzhausen | Würzburg district | St. Andrew | Catholic | Pilgrimage church, hall building with retracted choir and choir tower with pointed helmet, medieval core, choir from 1614, nave from 1730 | |
Breitensee (Herbstadt) | District of Rhön-Grabfeld | St. Michael | Catholic | Massive plastered hall church with hipped roof, recessed polygonal choir, choir side tower with pointed spire, tower substructure late Gothic, choir and nave post-Gothic, 1595–1598 | |
Book (Theres) | Haßberge district | St. James | Catholic | Hall building with gable roof and choir tower with pointed roof, drilled arched windows, 1616, changed in the 18th century | |
Büchold | Main-Spessart district | St. Nikolaus u. Visitation of the Virgin Mary | Catholic | Hall church with saddle roof and retracted choir between a pair of towers with real spikes, late Renaissance, initially as the St. Nicholas Castle Chapel (today's choir 1598), then expansion 1619–1622, elevation to the parish church in 1787 | |
Burggrumbach | Würzburg district | St. Martin | Catholic | former choir tower church, hall building with retracted choir and choir tower with pointed helmet, probably 1602-08, re. 1613, extended in the north with a modern nave extension, 1976/77 | |
Burglauer | District of Rhön-Grabfeld | St. Peter and Paul | Catholic | Choir tower church, four-storey late Gothic choir tower in quarry stone with pointed helmet, tower basement 1508, 1661 heightened, post-Gothic nave in ashlar masonry, partially plastered, with gable roof, built 1601-03 (west portal with rich real coat of arms inscribed "1603", inscription panel on the south side), western extension 1925 , Sacristy extension 1958/59 | |
Burgwallbach | District of Rhön-Grabfeld | Holy Trinity | Catholic | Choir tower church, core building 1571, four-storey choir tower with pointed helmet, nave with saddle roof, baroque remodeling of the nave and choir ground floor | |
Burkardroth | Bad Kissingen district | St. Peter in chains | Catholic | Hall building with retracted choir and tower on the south side, basement of the tower, early Gothic, early 14th century, raised in 1613, new nave by Christian Herrmann, Kilian Stauffer and Christoph Hardt and possibly Joseph Greissing 1699–1700 | |
Butthard | Würzburg district | St. Peter and Paul | Catholic | Hall building with retracted choir and eastern choir tower with pointed helmet, tower 1594–96, nave according to plans by Johann Philipp Geigel, 1769–1771, extended to the west with restoration of the west facade, 1865 | |
Dingolshausen | Schweinfurt district | St. Laurentius and St. Sebastian | Catholic | Tower 15./18. Century, nave construction 1970–72 | |
Dipbach | Würzburg district | St. Aegidius | Catholic | Choir tower church, hall building with retracted choir and former choir tower with pointed helmet, in the core from 1609, extended to the west by a new nave and choir room, 1963 | |
Ebertshausen (Üchtelhausen) | Schweinfurt district | St. Margaretha | Catholic | Post-Gothic choir tower church, 1613 | |
Erbshausen-Sulzwiesen | Würzburg district | St. Alban | profane | Profaned choir tower church, hall building with slightly retracted choir and choir tower with pointed helmet, tower 1598, new nave 1794 | |
Erlabrunn | Würzburg district | St. Andrew | Catholic | Uniform post-Gothic hall construction with retracted choir and choir flank tower with pointed helmet, 1655–57 | |
Escherndorf | Kitzingen district | St. John Baptist | Catholic | Post-Gothic choir tower church, 1600–1616 | |
Eßfeld | Würzburg district | St. Peter and Paul | Catholic | Choir side tower late Romanesque with upper floor from 1614, nave with transept, retracted choir and gable roof all around with struts | |
Your field | Kitzingen district | St. Michael | Catholic | Hall church with polygonal choir, west tower marked 1617, nave 1627, choir and transept 1892 | |
Eussenhausen | District of Rhön-Grabfeld | St. Bartholomew | Catholic | Choir tower church, late medieval choir tower, raised in 1593 and 1607, pointed helmet, baroque nave structured by Ionic sandstone pilasters and completed with a three-part gable-sided facade with figured niches, 1745–1749 | |
Fahr (Volkach) | Kitzingen district | St. John Baptist | Catholic | Choir tower church, hall building, late Gothic tower, nave, 1726 | |
Frankenwinheim | Schweinfurt district | St. John | Catholic | Hall church with flat gable roof and semicircular apse, bell tower attached to the side, tower 1491 and 1608, nave 1836 | |
Fuchsstadt | Bad Kissingen district | Assumption Day | Catholic | The tower substructure dates from the 13th century and was given the shape of a Julius Echter tower in 1588, almost the entire church building (except the tower) was built in its current form between 1751 and 1766 | |
Gerlachshausen | Kitzingen district | St. Aegidius | Catholic | Hall building, choir and basement of the tower first half of the 15th century, nave 1751 | |
Geroldshausen | Würzburg district | Protestant church | Evangelical Lutheran | Saddle roof building with pointed helmet tower, 1590, modern sacristy extension | |
Goßmannsdorf (Hofheim in Lower Franconia) | Haßberge district | St. Margaretha | Catholic | Hall construction with retracted choir, volute gable, ashlar elements and flank tower, tower in the core early Gothic, nave 1716 | |
Greussenheim | Würzburg district | St. Bartholomew | Catholic | Hall building with retracted choir and choir side tower, basement floors Romanesque, elevation around 1600, nave with saddle roof in 1691, extended in 1839 | |
Großeibstadt | District of Rhön-Grabfeld | St. John Baptist | Catholic | Choir tower with pointed helmet, substructure in the 14th century, post-Gothic changes and construction 1611/12, massive post-Gothic nave with saddle roof in 1614, included in the new building from 1965-66 added to the north | |
Güntersleben | Würzburg district | St. Maternus | Catholic | three-aisled pseudo-basilica with recessed choir and southern tower with pointed helmet, tower Romanesque core, around 1200, elevation, around 1602, late Gothic choir, around 1400, nave renewed using the late Gothic south wall, 1902 | |
Grove (Poppenhausen) | Schweinfurt district | St. Aegidius | Catholic | Choir tower church, tower 17th century, nave 1870 | |
Hellingen (Königsberg in Bavaria) | Haßberge district | St. George | Evangelical Lutheran | Hall building with saddle roof, choir tower with pointed roof, drilled windows with segmental arch roofing, Romanesque core, nave marked "1714" | |
Hendungen | District of Rhön-Grabfeld | St. Alban | Catholic | Elongated hall building with transept, tower medieval and 1599–1607, the core post-Gothic nave from 1616/17 | |
Heppdiel | Miltenberg district | St. Mauritius | Catholic | Plastered building with ashlar elements, in the core a choir tower church from the 13th century with a tower over a square floor plan, upper floors post-Gothic, from 1625, with a slate-roofed pointed helmet converted into an octagon | |
Haystack | District of Rhön-Grabfeld | St. Michael | Catholic | Guardian angel, Gothic tower with pointed helmet 165th century, three-aisled hall longhouse with retracted choir, reinforced concrete skeleton construction 1956/57 by Hans skull | |
Hindfeld | Hildburghausen district | Trinity Church | Evangelical Lutheran | built in 1554 | |
Hofheim in Lower Franconia | Haßberge district | St. John Baptist | Catholic | Hall building with saddle roof, choir tower with pyramid roof and stair tower, late Gothic complex, rebuilt in 1739/40, tower modernized in 1593 ff | |
Hohenfeld (Kitzingen) | Kitzingen district | St. Margaret | Evangelical Lutheran | Mountain church, choir and nave 1520, tower basements 13th century, expanded 1601–1602 | |
Hollstadt | District of Rhön-Grabfeld | St. James | Catholic | Massive plastered choir tower with pointed helmet, 1610, new nave in staggered tent-like shapes, concrete masonry with gable roofs, 1969 | |
Holzhausen (Dittelbrunn) | Schweinfurt district | St. Kilian | Catholic | Choir tower church, tower 1608, nave 1736; with equipment | |
Hopferstadt | Würzburg district | St. Peter and Paul | Catholic | Hall building with retracted, late Gothic vaulted choir and southern choir flank tower with pointed helmet, 1st half of the 16th century, tower inscribed. 1522, nave extension, 1861 and 1864 | |
Iphofen | Kitzingen district | Holy blood | Catholic | Tower choir and chapel to the north in the middle of the 15th century, nave 1605–1615 | |
Iphofen | Kitzingen district | St. Vitus | Catholic | late Gothic hall church, choir and tower basement 1st half of the 15th century, nave and tower upper storeys completed in 1612 | |
Junkersdorf (Königsberg in Bavaria) | Haßberge district | St. Vitus | Evangelical Lutheran | Hall building with gable roof and choir tower, nave baroque, 1738, tower basement and parts of the nave early Gothic | |
Kaltensondheim | Kitzingen district | St. Andrew | Evangelical Lutheran, Catholic | Choir tower church, 1712 | |
Karlstadt | Main-Spessart district | St. Andrew | Catholic | three-aisled pseudo-basilica with transept and recessed 5/8 choir, projected tower with pointed helmet and open ground floor hall, plasterwork with sandstone sections and stone carvings, late Romanesque tower with west portal, 1st half of the 13th century, post-Gothic heightening with pointed helmet around 1600 | |
Notch field | Haßberge district | St. Aegidius | Catholic | Hall church with saddle roof and choir tower with pointed helmet, begun in 1600, expanded in 1870 | |
Kirchschönbach | Kitzingen district | St. James the Elder | Catholic | Jakob hall church with polygonal end of the choir and tower to the southwest, neo-Gothic nave, 1872, tower 1597 | |
Kleinochsenfurt | Würzburg district | St. Mary Snow | Catholic | Hall building with not retracted choir and tower with pointed helmet, nave and tower basement in the core late 12th century, choir, tower structure and sacristy post-Gothic around 1615 | |
Kleinwenkheim | Bad Kissingen district | St. Nicholas | Catholic | Hall building with retracted choir and northern choir tower, 1589, extended to the west, 1819 | |
Klingenberg am Main | Miltenberg district | St. Pancras | Catholic | Hall building with retracted three-sided choir and saddle roof, post-Gothic choir side tower over a square floor plan with a high slated pointed helmet, choir and sacristy 1575, nave and tower, post-Gothic, from 1617 | |
Krautheim (Volkach) | Kitzingen district | Protestant church | Evangelical Lutheran | Choir tower church, tower 14th century, nave in the core 16/17. Century, now renewed | |
Kronungen | Schweinfurt district | St. Laurence | Catholic | Choir tower church, tower 1603, nave neo-Gothic, 1866–67 | |
Kützberg | Schweinfurt district | St. Michael | Catholic | Hall building with choir tower, tower 1600, nave 1832 | |
Spoonsterz | Schweinfurt district | St. Aegidius | Catholic | Choir tower church, tower and sacristy 1612, nave 1732 | |
Lülsfeld | Schweinfurt district | All Saints Day | Catholic | Choir tower church, tower in the substructure 14th century, raised in 1611 and 1690, nave 1733; with equipment | |
Maibach (Poppenhausen) | Schweinfurt district | St. Kilian | Catholic | Uniform hall structure, nave with saddle roof, retracted choir and side choir tower with pointed helmet, 1613-17 | |
Margetshöchheim | Würzburg district | St. John Baptist | Catholic | Eastern façade tower with pointed helmet and adjoining nave, both early Gothic in essence, structural alteration around 1609 in Julius style, with central building attached to the west, 1953 | |
Bibart market | Neustadt an der Aisch-Bad Windsheim district | St. Mary | Catholic | Hall building with retracted choir, square tower on the south side of the choir, Juliusbau, 1614–16 | |
Marktsteinach | Schweinfurt district | St. Bartholomew | Catholic | Post-Gothic, around 1615; with equipment | |
Mendhausen | Hildburghausen district | St. Urban | Evangelical Lutheran | Documented mention in 1429, new building of the nave 1847–1850, late Gothic tower of unknown date | |
Middle sense | Main-Spessart district | St. James | Catholic | Choir tower church with a gable roof and high slated pointed helmet, plasterwork with sandstone frames, Gothic tower at the beginning of the 14th century, post-Gothic elevation in 1592, baroque nave 1734, baroque sacristy 1752 | |
Medium spread | District of Rhön-Grabfeld | St. John Baptist | Catholic | Hall church with saddle roof, to the side next to the retracted choir tower, lower part second half of the 13th century, upper floor and pointed helmet 1607, renovation of the nave 1590–1612, extension and Baroque modification by master mason Johann Michael Schmitt 1714/15, jewelry portal marked "1715", Renovations in 1886, 1892/93 and 1985/86) | |
Mönchstockheim | Schweinfurt district | Assumption Day | Catholic | Choir tower church, late 16th century, expanded in 1738 | |
Moss (geroldshausen) | Würzburg district | St. Nicholas | Catholic | Basement of the tower Romanesque, elevation with pointed helmet around 1600, nave new building | |
Moths (Bavaria) | Bad Kissingen district | St. Bartholomew | Catholic | Choir tower at the end of the 16th century, otherwise a new building from 1966 | |
Nordheim am Main | Kitzingen district | St. Laurence | Catholic | Gothic choir tower church, changes around 1540, 18th century | |
Oberbach (Wildflecken) | Bad Kissingen district | Assumption Day | Catholic | Choir tower church, hall building with retracted choir, tower in the middle medieval, nave 1613, this built with a southern nave extension from 1921 | |
Obereßfeld | District of Rhön-Grabfeld | St. Nicholas | Catholic | Hall church with saddle roof and polygonal choir, compact west tower with pointed helmet, tower substructure 14th century, tower construction 1612, choir and nave, later Rococo, 1777–78 | |
Obererthal | Bad Kissingen district | St. Anthony Hermit | Catholic | Hall building with retracted choir and east tower with pointed helmet, this one from 1481, nave, 1865 | |
Oberpleichfeld | Würzburg district | St. Peter and Paul | Catholic | Hall building with retracted choir and choir flank tower with pointed helmet, tower early 13th century, nave renewed in 1934/35, with inscription from 1612 and portal from 1856 | |
Obervolkach | Kitzingen district | St. Nicholas | Catholic | Choir tower church, late Gothic tower, nave changed at the beginning of the 17th century | |
Oberwerrn | Schweinfurt district | St. Bartholomew | Catholic | Hall building with retracted choir, tower 1608, nave 1891 | |
Oellingen (Gelchsheim) | Würzburg district | St. Vitus | Catholic | Hall building with retracted choir and choir tower with pointed helmet, 1624, nave renewed in 1907 | |
Sacrificial tree | Würzburg district | St. Lambertus | Catholic | Hall building with retracted choir and northern choir tower with pointed helmet, tower from 1614, nave 1859 | |
Osthausen (Gelchsheim) | Würzburg district | St. Laurence | Catholic | Hall building with retracted choir and choir tower with pointed helmet, the core around 1614, rebuilt after being destroyed in the war | |
Poppenhausen (Lower Franconia) | Schweinfurt district | St. Jacob | Catholic | Choir tower church, tower with pointed helmet, 1517, nave with saddle roof and baroque west facade, 1743, extended and rebuilt in 1953 | |
Poppenroth | Bad Kissingen district | Ortisei | Catholic | Former choir tower church, hall building with transept, retracted choir, as well as eastern tower with pointed helmet, this in the basement 13th century, today's transept corresponds to the former nave of the previous building, 1612, this was included in the new church building, 1889 | |
Prosselsheim | Würzburg district | St. Bartholomew | Catholic | Hall building with retracted choir and choir flank tower with pointed helmet, around 1614, with later changes | |
Reichmannshausen | Schweinfurt district | St. George | Catholic | Choir tower church, tower 1607, nave end of the 17th century | |
Rimpar | Würzburg district | St. Peter and Paul | Catholic | Hall building with retracted choir and north-eastern tower with pointed helmet, tower basements 13th century, tower superstructure early 17th century, nave and choir, neo-Gothic, 1849–50 | |
Rittershausen (Gaukönigshofen) | Würzburg district | St. Matthew | Catholic | four-storey choir tower with pointed helmet on the retracted choir 13th century, nave with gable roof 1783–85 | |
Rodheim (Oberickelsheim) | Neustadt an der Aisch-Bad Windsheim district | St. Kilian | Catholic | Tower with slate-covered pyramid roof, roof and belt cornice, late medieval core, expanded in 1592, nave with half-hipped roof and polygonal choir, based on plans by master mason Meyer, inscribed "1781" | |
Rothhausen | Bad Kissingen district | St. Aegidius | Evangelical Lutheran | Church core from the 14th century, the tower was raised in 1608 and expanded into the Julius-Echter-Turm, the church was the village's simultaneous church until the construction of the Catholic Church of St. Giles in 1924 | |
Hall on the Saale | District of Rhön-Grabfeld | Pilgrimage Church of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary | Catholic | Hall church with polygonal choir and side tower with pointed helmet, inscribed "1499", nave with saddle roof and articulated sandstone facade with niche figures and tail gable, baroque, 1780–85 by Hans Michael Schauer | |
Schleerieth | Schweinfurt district | Assumption of Mary and St. Kilian | Catholic | Hall building with retracted choir and eastern choir tower with pointed helmet, tower early 17th century, nave 1861–62 | |
Schnackenwerth | Schweinfurt district | St. Andrew | Catholic | Hall building with retracted choir and choir tower with pointed helmet, tower from 1612, new nave by Johann Müller from Eßleben, 1749–51 | |
Schönau an der Brend | District of Rhön-Grabfeld | St. Laurence | Catholic | Post-Gothic hall building with saddle roof, retracted polygonal choir, choir side tower with pointed helmet, inscribed "1608" and "1614," annexed sacristy inscribed "1908" | |
Schwarzenau | Kitzingen district | St. Laurence | Catholic | Hall building with polygonal choir, donated in 1592 by Valentin Echter von Mespelbrunn and his wife | |
Sommerach | Kitzingen district | St. Eucharius | Catholic | Hall building with polygonal choir closure, nave 1560–66, tower 1589 above the older basement, choir 1567/68, enlarged 1756/57 | |
Sommersdorf | Schweinfurt district | St. John the Baptist | Catholic | Hall building with polygonal recessed choir and laterally added choir tower, choir 1588, tower 1604 and nave 1795–96; with equipment | |
Sondernau | District of Rhön-Grabfeld | St. Pancras | Catholic | Choir tower church, tower, medieval core, with pointed helmet, nave around 1600 | |
Sondheim before the Rhön | District of Rhön-Grabfeld | St. Michael | Evangelical Lutheran | Choir tower church, built at the beginning of the 15th century, inscribed "1605" and "1606" (inscription panel above the diamond-coated north portal), expanded, southern side chapel in 1512 | |
Stadelschwarzach | Kitzingen district | St. Bartholomew | Catholic | Tower 1497, nave and choir 1804 | |
Stadtlauringen | Schweinfurt district | St. John Baptist | Catholic | Post-Gothic tower around 1600, nave 1731–32 by Martin Bader, extension in 1972 | |
Stadtschwarzach | Kitzingen district | Holy cross | Catholic | Hall building with retracted choir and adjoining tower to the south, choir, 1467, tower, 1424, the upper floor, 1614, neo-Gothic nave, 1868 | |
Stable village | Würzburg district | St. Laurence | Catholic | Hall building with retracted choir and choir tower with pointed helmet, in Julius style, 1617, changed in the 18th century | |
Stammheim am Main | Schweinfurt district | St. Bartholomew | Catholic | Choir tower church, tower 15th century and 1611, nave 1736, extension | |
Steinach (Bad Bocklet) | Bad Kissingen district | St. Nicholas | Catholic | Hall building with retracted choir, choir tower up to the bell chamber, late Gothic, raised in 1613, choir in the basement of the tower, nave mainly from 1860, reconstruction after 1945 after a heavy hit | |
Stetten (Sondheim before the Rhön) | District of Rhön-Grabfeld | Protestant church | Evangelical Lutheran | Hall building from 1650–52 with spoilage from 1591, medieval choir tower | |
Sulzfeld am Main | Kitzingen district | St. Sebastian | Catholic | Choir, tower and sacristy 1482, nave changed around 1602 | |
Theinfeld | Bad Kissingen district | St. Matthias | Catholic | Developed from a chapel from the 14th century, originally Catholic, it first became Protestant and then became the Simultankirche , Julius-Echter-Turm from 1747, and since it was almost completely rebuilt in 1972, Catholic again | |
Thüngersheim | Würzburg district | St. Michael | Catholic | Hall building with western, retracted choir and eastern tower facade with pointed helmet, tower basement 13th century, tower upper storeys and nave 1593–1603, west choir 1696, with modern transept expansion, 1979–80 | |
Tiefenstockheim | Kitzingen district | St. Peter and Paul | Catholic | Post-Gothic hall church with retracted polygonal choir, 1631–37, the nave extended to the west in the 19th century | |
Traustadt | Schweinfurt district | St. Kilian | Catholic | Post-Gothic building, around 1630 | |
Ueschersdorf | Haßberge district | Protestant church | Evangelical Lutheran | Neo-Romanesque hall building with retracted choir in sandstone ashlar work with pilaster strips and arched friezes, saddle roof, 1866 and flank tower with pyramid roof, 1603 | |
Unsleben | District of Rhön-Grabfeld | Church of the Finding of the Cross | Catholic | Hall church with a gable roof, retracted hipped choir | |
Unterelsbach | District of Rhön-Grabfeld | St. Simon and Jude | Catholic | Former choir tower church, today a hall with a retracted west choir and east tower with pointed helmet, the barrel-vaulted medieval choir tower ground floor has been preserved in the tower, which was renovated in a post-Gothic style in 1615–17, nave with saddle roof and choir with hipped roof from 1810 | |
Untereßfeld | District of Rhön-Grabfeld | St. John Baptist and St. Aquilin | Catholic | A hall church facing north, solid construction with a gable roof, polygonal choir closure, baroque, 1698–1700 (consecrated 1708) possibly by Joseph Greissing, on the east side the former choir tower of the previous building, with pointed helmet, 14./15. Century, upper floors of the tower marked "1613" | |
Untereuerheim | Schweinfurt district | St. Gallus | Catholic | Hall building, tower around 1600, otherwise neo-Gothic, second half of the 19th century | |
Unterleinach | Würzburg district | All Saints Church | Catholic | Hall building with retracted choir and choir tower with pointed helmet, tower in the core 1419, otherwise early 17th century | |
Waigolshausen | Schweinfurt district | St. James | Catholic | Massive, three-storey tower with a pointed spire, early Gothic core, raised around 1610, the nave renewed in 1961 and demolished in 2013 | |
Waldbüttelbrunn | Würzburg district | St. Bartholomew | profane | Hall building with choir tower and pointed helmet, late Gothic tower, raised in 1602, choir and nave 18th century, extended to the west in the 19th century | |
Wargolshausen | District of Rhön-Grabfeld | Kuratiekirche | Catholic | Post-Gothic, solid construction with pointed helmet, marked "1617", with a baroque portal, early 18th century, related to the new building from 1977 as a campanile | |
Waterless | Schweinfurt district | St. Simon and Jude Thaddaeus | Catholic | Chorturmkirche, tower 1602, nave from 1808, extension in 1921 | |
Wegfurt | District of Rhön-Grabfeld | St. Peter and Paul | Catholic | Choir tower church, nave with hipped roof, tower with pointed helmet, medieval core, renovated according to archival sources in 1601-07 by master stonemason Caspar from Nordheim: Increase in the construction and installation of post-Gothic windows, inscriptions "1603" and "1614" above the pointed portals “, In the south wall early Romanesque tympanum | |
Directions | Bad Kissingen district | St. Joseph | Catholic | Tower from the Echter era, nave with choir around 1700 | |
Wernfeld | Main-Spessart district | Assumption Day | profane | Choir tower church with saddle roof and pointed helmet, plastered masonry with tracery windows, late Gothic tower marked "1484", post-Gothic nave and tower elevation 1612 | |
Wolfmannshausen | Schmalkalden-Meiningen district | Sankt-Agidius-Church (Wolfmannshausen) | Catholic | Parish since 1488, construction of the current church in 1616, expanded in 1954, renovations in 1996 and 1997 | |
Wollbach (Lower Franconia) | District of Rhön-Grabfeld | St. Boniface | Catholic | Neo-Gothic hall church with saddle roof, articulated gable-sided facade and polygonal choir from 1890, tower at the side of the choir, in the core late Romanesque, structure with pointed helmet 1617 | |
Wülfershausen on the Saale | District of Rhön-Grabfeld | St. Vitus | Catholic | Former choir tower, plastered solid construction with pointed helmet, post-Gothic, built in 1607 and raised in 1517, next to the nave, built in 1962/63 according to plans by Erwin van Aaken in modern forms | |
Zeuzleleben | Schweinfurt district | St. Bartholomew | Catholic | Hall building with retracted choir and eastern tower with pointed helmet, tower late 13th – 17th centuries Century, nave new building with the participation of Balthasar Neumann, 1753–55 |
literature
- Konrad Bedal: Village churches in Franconia. Continuity and change in design and equipment 1000–1800 (= publications and catalog of the Franconian Open Air Museum in Bad Windsheim, vol. 76) . Bad Windsheim 2015.
- Dominik Lengyel, Catherine Toulouse: The Echtersche "ideal church". An interactive approach . In: Damian Dombrowski, Markus Josef Maier, Fabian Müller (Ed.): Julius Real Patron of the Arts. Contours of a prince and bishop of the Renaissance . Berlin, Munich 2017. pp. 127–136.
- Erich Schneider: Small art history of the district of Kitzingen . In: District Administrator and District Council of the District of Kitzingen (Hrsg.): District of Kitzingen . Münsterschwarzach 1984. pp. 164-183.
- Barbara Schock-Werner: The buildings in the prince-bishopric of Würzburg under Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn 1573 - 1617. Structure, organization, financing and artistic evaluation . Regensburg 2005.
- Barbara Schock-Werner: Building in the area. Echter's building policy in the Hochstift . In: Damian Dombrowski, Markus Josef Maier, Fabian Müller (Ed.): Julius Real Patron of the Arts. Contours of a prince and bishop of the Renaissance . Berlin, Munich 2017. pp. 115–126.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Schock-Werner, Barbara: The buildings in the prince-bishopric of Würzburg under Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn 1573-1617 . P. 35.
- ↑ See: Schneider Erich: Small art history of the district of Kitzingen .
- ↑ Schock-Werner, Barbara: The buildings in the prince-bishopric of Würzburg under Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn 1573-1617 . P. 35.
- ^ Bedal, Konrad: village churches in Franconia . P. 164.