Arnshausen

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Arnshausen
City of Bad Kissingen
Coordinates: 50 ° 10 ′ 11 ″  N , 10 ° 5 ′ 23 ″  E
Height : 231 m
Area : 9.31 km²
Residents : 1187  (Jan. 1, 2017) [1] (PDF; 18 kB)
Population density : 127 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : July 1, 1972
Postal code : 97688
Area code : 0971

Arnshausen is a district of the Bad Kissingen spa town in Lower Franconia , Bavaria , the major district town of the Bad Kissingen district .

Geographical location

Arnshausen is three kilometers south of Bad Kissingen and can be reached from there via the B 286 . It leads through Arnshausen, after the end of the village to Oerlenbach and Eltingshausen and joins the B 19 towards Schweinfurt . Along the B 286 in the direction of Schweinfurt is the Hörieth nature reserve, which is home to many protected animals and plants. The Franconian Marienweg runs through Arnshausen .

Arnshausen is surrounded in the north by the Hochberg, in the east by the Hard, south by the Hard by the Zuckberg and in the southwest by the Scheinberg (site of the Wittelsbacher Tower ). In the valley floor of Arnshausen there are middle and upper red sandstone , while on the southern slopes there are corrugated limestone .

The Lollbach, which comes from the Reiterswiesen district of Bad Kissingen and into which the Gösslesgraben flows within the Arnshausen area, flows through Arnshausen . Then the Lollbach flows into the Franconian Saale , which flows past the western edge of the district .

234 hectares of the Arnshausen area consist of forest.

history

Beginnings

Archaeological finds from flint tools suggest that the area was settled in the Neolithic Age . In addition, some stone tools and an arcade edge fragment from this historical epoch were found on Finsterberg near Arnshausen.

The first known documentary mention of Arnshausen falls in the year 1242. A deed of donation is dated to this year, in which the place is called "Arnishusen" and about which the minstrel Otto von Botenlauben shares the place with the Würzburg Bishop Hermann I von Lobdeburg transferred to his property including the Botenlauben Castle and the Frauenroth Monastery . When a desert is mentioned in a Fulda tradition from the years 815 and 816 (“In page Salageue ad Arinebrunnen” or “Arnebrunnen” or “Arinsbrunnen”), a connection with Arnshausen or even with the place of grace Terzenbrunn is not certain.

The name of the place underwent some changes over time from "Arnshusen" or "Arnoldshusen" (around 1303) to "Arnszhusen" (1445) and "Arltzhusen" (1511) to "Arntzhausen" (around 1582).

At that time the three Hufen "Iringhausen" (residence of the Frankish King Iring, the lord of the Eiringsburg above Iringhausen ), "Stupfel", which continued to exist in Euerdorf , and "Lollbach", which, as far as is known, in the year 822 belonged to Arnshausen a Fulda tradition was first mentioned in a document; from the year 1340 Lollbach can be seen as a desert .

middle Ages

The first known church building in Arnshausen dates back to 1240. An Arnshausen parish was founded through the foundation of an early mass "ad St. Sebastianus" zu Euerdorf by Kunz v. Hutten-Birkenfeld was first documented in 1435 (it was probably built before 1390) and included Botenlauben Castle with its courtyards, Iringhausen-Eirungsburg , Lollbach, Reiterswiesen and Stupfel. During this time the connecting road known today as the " Totenweg " was built, on which the deceased from Reiterswiesen were brought to Arnshausen for burial. From the beginning the apostle Peter was the patron saint of the parish; In an interest register from the Bodenlauben office from 1584, the name “St. Peter and Paul ”mentioned.

From 1244 Arnshausen belonged to the Bodenlauben office created by Bishop Hermann I of Lobdeburg , whose seat was moved to Ebenhausen in 1525 . When the Bodenlauben office was dissolved in 1670, Arnshausen came to Ebenhausen together with Eltingshausen , Hain , Holzhausen , Maibach, Oerlenbach , Pfersdorf , Poppenhausen , Rannungen and Rottershausen .

Almost the entire population of Arnshausen fell victim to a great plague epidemic in 1350. Further plague epidemics claimed 245 (1568–1569) and 96 (1610–1611) deaths in the village.

In 1410 the parish lost its independence due to the dwindling population due to the plague and thus declining income and came to the parish of Bad Kissingen. Arnshausen and his former Reiterswiesen branch were also looked after by the Kissinger chaplain ; its elevator was financed by both places. Several attempts to found a new parish in Arnshausen failed for financial reasons by 1743.

Arnshausen at the beginning of modern times

On April 29, 1503 Vicar John Eckart exchanged with the Herb townspeople priest Georg Beutler a chapel named Stae Crucis . It is unclear, however, whether it was Terzenbrunn or a chapel that has since been abandoned.

The village's first school was built in 1599 on the site of today's village square in Arnshausen. In the school building, which was demolished on May 31, 1989, lessons were held in two classes. From 1885 to 1973 six classes were taught in an estate on Iringstrasse that had previously served as an inn. The current school building was built in 1973 on Untere Zollweg.

The demolition of the old Arnshausen church is known from around 1613; the new church may have been inaugurated in 1617. Between 1643 and 1664, there were several complaints from Arnshausen and the neighboring village of Reiterswiesen , as there was no chaplain in Kissingen and there were no services in either village. In 1665 a spiritual council protocol was supposed to remedy this; However, despite a successful appeal to the bishop by Arnshausen and Reiterswiesen in 1719, this could not change the situation. A change only occurred when both places became independent parishes (Arnshausen in 1743, Reiterswiesen in 1759).

Twelfth station on the Way of the Cross in the Arnshausen cemetery.
Planztanz memorial stone in front of the St. Peter and Paul Church in Arnhausen .

As early as 1727, pastor Johann Michael Rahnfeld, together with his sister and childless brother-in-law Paulus Degant, made a first attempt to rebuild a parish in Arnshausen. Rahnfeld and Degant intended to donate the property inherited from their parents to the establishment of a rectory. However, the founding project failed due to concerns of the Curatus Johann Georg Platz. Further attempts by Rahnfeld followed in 1732 and 1737. Another advance on October 7, 1740 brought the desired success. The re-establishment was officially completed on May 3, 1743 under Prince-Bishop Friedrich Karl von Schönborn-Buchheim . With the lost foundation deed, Rahnfeld was appointed the first pastor of the newly founded parish. After 13 years of service, he died on October 30, 1757 at the age of 84.

In 1803, the Arnshausen cemetery was built on the edge of the village, which was enlarged in 1956 and 1982. In the middle of the 19th century a way of the cross was built along the cemetery wall.

When the offices were replaced by regional courts in 1803, Arnshausen came together with Reiterswiesen and Burg Botenlauben to the Hammelburg district office in the Euerdorf regional court ; In 1879 the district office and the district court of Kissingen became responsible for Arnshausen.

Between 1822 and 1837 the road connecting Kissingen and Oerlenbach through Arnshausen , today's B 286 , was built. A decision of December 3, 1822 regulated the compensation of the farmers on whose arable land the road was built. A decision by the Euerdorf Regional Court on May 9, 1828 ordered the construction of a connecting road to Reiterswiesen, which branches off the B 286 as today's Arnshäusner Strasse. The road network of Arnshausen was repaired from 1926 to 1929 by adding a tar layer and in 1967 by a triple tar layer and sidewalks on both sides of the street.

In 1885, the first documented safe Arnshäusener found plan dance held by the priest George Michael Stock in detail in the parish register reported (The R. Emmerich's chronicle of the village Arnshausen -called year 1867 is considered unsafe). The Plantanz of 1885 was followed by others in 1893, 1897 and 1905, in that year fines were imposed for secretly felling the required tree, in 1907 (this time with a permit to felling trees), in 1926, 1950, 1976, 1987 and 2007.

Bavarian Kingdom

In the battles of the "German War" of 1866 , which also took place near Arnshausen, three men from the village were involved. As a result of this war, just as it had been the case two years earlier in the "German-Danish War" of 1864 , many refugees came to Arnshausen, who returned to their homeland between 1867 and 1871.

In the years 1867/68 and 1870/71 the railway line Schweinfurt-Kissingen was built along the southern edge of the forest of Arnshausen. The gradient of the railway line prevented the construction of a train station in Arnshausen. The establishment of the railway line made itself felt in the place through an increase in field thefts and devastation.

First World War and Weimar Republic

23 of 105 Arnshausen residents fell victim to the First World War .

The Schweinfurt-Kissingen railway line, which has existed since 1870, was followed by the construction of the Kissingen-Hammelburg railway line in 1919/20. In 1922 Arnshausen was connected to the power supply of the Kreiselektra.

Second World War

The Second World War left 46 dead and missing in Arnshausen. During the war, the chapel of the Terzenbrunn sanctuary was converted into a mock station from 1939, which was intended to divert enemy aircraft from Arnshausen on the one hand and protect the tank farm in nearby Oerlenbach on the other . For this purpose, twelve wooden tank mock-ups were made. The construction workers required to build the mock station were housed in Arnshausen and Reiterswiesen.

Arnshausen after 1945

In 1957 a water pipe was installed to supply the town with water from the spring in Brühl am Seeweg. The aqueduct replaced the water supply with the village well, which was initially in operation as a draw well and then - from 1885 - as a pump well.

A memorial stone commemorates the land consolidation in Arnshausen.

In 1961, land consolidation began in Arnshausen in order to counteract the fragmentation of the field and meadow properties with ever smaller property units; the necessary measures were completed in 1969. The forest clearing turned out to be more difficult, as, among other things, some owners could no longer be identified and some property heirs refused to surrender their property.

As part of the regional reform , Arnshausen became a district of Bad Kissingen on July 1, 1972 after two citizen surveys and the result of a local council vote of 8: 1 votes . The first survey of October 10, 1971 was against with 57% (691 voters), the second survey of 11/12. December 1971 failed with 80% (680 voters) for the incorporation. While the incorporation brought many advantages for Arnshausen on the one hand, such as the cemetery expansion in 1982, the addition of a parsonage to the church and an improvement in the water supply, the cycle path between Arnshausen and Bad Kissingen stipulated in the incorporation contract was not implemented for a long time, but in April 2011 in Prospect. The cycle path was officially opened in July 2015.

Population development

Population development
Unless otherwise stated, the data come from Andrea Buschner's village chronicle of Arnshausen. 1994, p. 24f.
year population annotation
1474 37 after Emmerich; the deanery statistics speak of 37 men and a total population of around 148 people.
1570 approx. 240 Total number according to the deanery statistics.
1584 approx. 256 Total number according to the deanery statistics.
1614 73 after Emmerich; the deanery statistics speak of 73 men and a total population of about 292 people.
1858 418 From 1850 are through the schematism of the Diocese of Würzburg accurate figures on supplies that signify Catholic total proportion of the population.
1864 427
1867 854
1871 512
1875 510
1887 469 Schematism of the Diocese of Würzburg.
1895 510
1896 515 Schematism of the Diocese of Würzburg.
1910 512
1925 548 Schematism of the Diocese of Würzburg.
1939 705 Schematism of the Diocese of Würzburg.
1950 786 Schematism of the Diocese of Würzburg.
1968 902 Schematism of the Diocese of Würzburg.
1977 1084 Schematism of the Diocese of Würzburg.
1982 1130 Schematism of the Diocese of Würzburg.
1987 1090 Schematism of the Diocese of Würzburg.
1988 1264 including a total of 1,076 Catholics (according to the schematic of the Diocese of Würzburg).
June 1, 1993 1306
January 1, 2016 1192 Statistics of the city of Bad Kissingen

Buildings and plants

Eiringsburg

Eiringsburg , located in Arnshausen, was probably built in the 7th century. The first known documentary mention of the complex, which was probably used as a Fliehburg , dates back to December 25, 822, when its lord Iring gave his property, which also included the castle, to the Fulda monastery. Today there are only remains of the castle wall.

Church of St. Peter and Paul

Church of St. Peter and Paul

During archaeological investigations in 1964, several ceramic pieces were found at the site of the Church of St. Peter and Paul , which can be dated to around 1220 to 1250 and thus to the time of the first known mention of Arnshausen (1242). During the time of power struggles between the Hennebergers and the Würzburg prince-bishops, the church building also served as a place of refuge for its residents, which was also evident in its construction.

After the dissolution of the Arnshäusen parish in 1410, the church building began to fall apart, so that Prince-Bishop Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn had it demolished and a new church built on the same site.

Since the incorporation of Arnshausen into Bad Kissingen in 1972 as part of the municipal area reform was expected to result in an increase in the number of residents, plans for a church expansion began in the early 1970s. The architect Erich Martin, who lives in Munich and comes from Arnshausen on his mother's side, suggested several concepts; An extension was added, which was merged with the existing building fabric. The consecration of the church after the expansion took place on October 2, 1977.

Terzenbrunn

The Terzenbrunn .

The location of today's Terzenbrunn chapel has been known since the 17th century as a place of grace located at a spring, where a small chapel was already located at that time. According to legend, the chapel was founded by Iring, the lord of the Eiringsburg near Arnshausen . According to legend, the name "Terzenbrunn" derives from an incident during the Thirty Years' War when ten women sought protection from approaching Swedish soldiers in the chapel, and from a customs post that is said to have been here in the 14th century.

On March 29, 1861 the decision was made to rebuild the chapel after the previous chapel had become too small. A Lourdes grotto was added in 1898, a Mount of Olives grotto in 1900 and a church tower in 1903 (the latter is said to house the bell of the house chapel of Botenlauben Castle ). The chapel was first renovated in 1897.

During the Second World War , the chapel served as a mock station to divert enemy aircraft from Arnshausen and the tank farms in nearby Oerlenbach. Another renovation of the Terzenbrunn, which shaped its current appearance, took place in 1969. Since October 2011, the Madonna figure in the grotto has been restored and, since the work required for this takes more time than originally planned, it has been replaced by a figure of Mary from the Bad Kissingen parish home.

Wittelsbach Tower

In 1907 the Wittelsbach anniversary tower was built on the Scheinberg according to plans by the architect Carl Krampf . The lookout tower got its name due to the 700th anniversary of the Wittelsbach family in 1880. Plans from 1924 to build a memorial for those who died in the First World War around the tower came to nothing due to a lack of funds after the Great Depression .

Personalities

Pastor

Pastor of Arnshausen since the parish was founded (1743) to the present day.
Surname activity
Michael Rahnfeld (* 1673, † October 30, 1757 in Arnshausen) 1743-1758
Andreas Joseph Dechant (born December 6, 1728 in Kissingen , † September 11, 1767 in Arnshausen) 1758-1767
Parish administrator "p. temp. Parovicarius Fr. P. Christophorus a S. Udalrico Ordinis Carmelit " (*?, †?) e.g. November 3, 1767.
Johann Ludwig Herzog (*?, †?) 1767-1768
Konrad Gottfried Melchior Neder (born May 6, 1727 in Würzburg , †?) 1768-1770
Joes Martinus Neckermann (born January 29, 1736 in Gaurettersheim , † 1804 in Igersheim ) 1770-1772
Lorenz Halbling (born November 7, 1729 in Ochsenfurt , † March 28, 1800) 1772-1800
Philipp Carl Manger (born June 15, 1762 in Schwemmelsbach , † July 28, 1839 in Kissingen) 1800-1834
Georg Adam Kleinhans (born November 3, 1806 in Tauberrettersheim , † May 24, 1883 in Arnshausen) 1834–1883 ​​(between 1834 and 1841 as parish administrator)
Georg Michael Stock (born January 4, 1837 in Hirschfeld , † September 17, 1906 in Arnshausen) 1883-1906
Andreas Pius Schachner (born May 23, 1848 in Gänheim , † May 21, 1917 in Arnshausen) 1907-1917
Josef Drechsel (born August 10, 1878 in Nuremberg , † August 17, 1943 in an Allied air raid on Schweinfurt Central Station ) 1917-1943
Johann Pfister (born October 3, 1887 in Greßthal , †?) 1943-1946
Ambros Schaupp (born January 22, 1898 in Fuchsstadt , †?) 1946-1972
Father Heinrich Drößmar (born April 6, 1915 in Würzburg , † April 28, 1978 in Arnshausen) 1972-1988
Oskar Hofmann (born April 21, 1923 in Würzburg , †?) 1978-1980
Hugo Seufert (born November 13, 1920 in Althausen , † March 15, 2003 in Gerolzhofen ) 1980-1991
Heinrich Mitka (born July 9, 1936 in Radau, Upper Silesia) 1991-2006
Thomas Keßler since 2006 (Dean of Bad Kissingen , since 2006 also responsible for Arnshausen)

literature

Arnshausen

  • R. Emmerich: Chronicle of the village of Arnshausen. Wuerzburg 1941.
  • Andrea Buschner: Village chronicle of Arnshausen. 1994.
  • Thomas Ahnert and Peter Weidisch (eds.): 25 years of the large district town of Bad Kissingen - a city magazine. Verlag Stadt Bad Kissingen, Bad Kissingen 1997, ISBN 3-00-001787-9 .
  • Arnshausen. In: Denis A. Chevalley, Stefan Gerlach: Monuments in Bavaria - City of Bad Kissingen. 1998, ISBN 3-87490-577-2 .

Parish of Arnshausen

  • St. Peter + Paul Bad Kissingen Arnshausen. Church consecration October 2, 1977.
  • Contributions to local history. No. 1, September 1985.
  • Contributions to local history. No. 2, December 1985.
  • Contributions to local history. No. 5, December 1986.

Terzenbrunn

Web links

Commons : Arnshausen  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Denis A. Chevalley, Stefan Gerlach: Monuments in Bavaria - City of Bad Kissingen. Edition Lipp, 1998, ISBN 3-87490-577-2 , p. XIV.
  2. ^ Contributions to local history. No. 3, 1986, p. 2.
  3. ↑ Hans von Bronn sells his castle estates in Botenlauben, source of January 24, 1445 - Landgrafen-Regesten online No. 9174. Regesten der Landgrave von Hessen. (As of October 2, 2011). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  4. ↑ a b Contributions to local history. No. 2, December 1985, p. 6.
  5. ^ Contributions to local history. No. 6, September 1987.
  6. ↑ The plan tree has fallen. on: mainpost.de , February 3, 2008.
  7. ↑ a b At the Terzenbrunn freight station - Oerlenbach air tank storage facility: Wehrmacht builds a dummy facility in Arnshausen. In: Main-Post . April 25, 2011.
  8. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 426 .
  9. ↑ Construction of the cycle path can begin in two years. In: Main-Post . April 21, 2011.
  10. ↑ Albertshausen cycle path opened. In: Saale newspaper . July 21, 2015.
  11. ↑ a b R. Emmerich: Chronicle of the village of Arnshausen. Wuerzburg 1941.
  12. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Parish Arnshausen - Parish letter for ordination - Contributions to local history No. 7, p. 11.
  13. ↑ www.badkissingen.de, PDF (18 kB)
  14. ^ Contributions to local history. No. 5, December 1986, p. 3.
  15. ↑ A new statue of the Virgin Mary for the Terzenbrunnen. In: Saale newspaper. April 30, 2012.
  16. ↑ A Madonna on summer vacation - The Mariengrotte at Terzenbrunn has a different inhabitant this year. In: Main-Post. May 3, 2012.
  17. ↑ Unless otherwise stated, the data come from “Contributions to Local History” No. 1, September 1985.
  18. ↑ According to poppenroth.de - "Pfarrer" (today's Bad Kissingen district Poppenroth was Manger's place of activity as a pastor from 1794 to 1800) is the place of birth Holzhausen.
  19. ↑ bistum-wuerzburg.de - "Annual Review 2003 - March"  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: dead link / bwo.directserver.org  
  20. ↑ bistum-wuerzburg.de - "Pastor Heinrich Mitka celebrates his 70th birthday"
  21. ↑ bistum-wuerzburg.de - "Dean Keßler also Pastor of Arnshausen"  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: dead link / bwo.directserver.org