Kleinbrach

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Kleinbrach
City of Bad Kissingen
Coordinates: 50 ° 14 ′ 15 ″  N , 10 ° 4 ′ 26 ″  E
Height : 208 m above sea level NN
Area : 2.42 km²
Residents : 355  (Jan. 1, 2017) [1] (PDF; 18 kB)
Population density : 147 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : July 1, 1972
Postal code : 97688
Area code : 0971
Kleinbrach (Bavaria)
Kleinbrach

Location of Kleinbrach in Bavaria

Kleinbrach (vmtl. From Kleine Brache ) is a district of the health resort Bad Kissingen in the Bavarian Lower Franconia , the big district town of the district Bad Kissingen .

Geographical location

Kleinbrach is located north of Bad Kissingen on a loop of the Franconian Saale in the vicinity of the Bad Kissingen district of Hausen . The thoroughfare from Kleinbrach leads after leaving the village to Bad Bocklet and Steinach . The Franconian Marienweg runs through Kleinbrach .

history

Beginnings

The earliest mention of Kleinbrach as Brachau ubi sal coquitur (Brachau, where salt is cooked) comes from the year 953 and is also the oldest evidence of the use of salt springs between Hausen and Großenbrach. It is possible that Kleinbrach was already related to the Brach monastery, the St. Dionysius monastery , in which the Fulda monastery received its salt springs from a Wigbraht on April 14, 823.

In the beginning, Kleinbrach and the neighboring Großenbrach formed a community that belonged to the Aschach office .

Modern times

In 1764, under Prince-Bishop Adam Friedrich von Seinsheim , a canal was built in Kleinbrach, which began on the Saale and which was supposed to supply the water wheel of the Hausener Schönbornsprudel with water. Since the canal in the Saale loop led around a ridge, an attempt was made in 1846 to shorten it by 1.5 kilometers through a tunnel in the ridge; However, the project failed due to financing problems.

Bavarian Kingdom

For a long time a teacher was specially sent to Kleinbrach or, if no teacher was available, the Kleinbrach students were only taught in the Saline school in the Upper Saline , a school for the children of the workers of the Hausener Saline. In 1833 plans were made to build their own school in Kleinbrach, which was initially rejected on April 6, 1834 by the 23 citizens of Kleinbrach who were entitled to vote because of the expected community contribution of 250 guilders . A funding proposal by the municipality then made the school building possible, which was completed in 1835.

On May 18, 1853, the citizens of Kleinbrach decided to build their own cemetery. Up until then, the people who had died in Kleinbrach had been buried in neighboring Hausen , but the financial contribution was no longer in proportion to the Kleinbrach population development. The area for the planned cemetery was donated by the Kleinbrach citizen Valentin Hahn. The cemetery was expanded in 1936 and 1980, and the morgue was built between 1970 and 1972.

Simultaneously with the establishment of the Hausener Wasenmeisterei to remove and bury the carcasses of dead animals, such a facility was also planned in Kleinbrach. The two originally planned locations, to which the later location of the Hausener Wasenmeisterei belonged, were rejected as unsuitable by the municipality of Kleinbrach, partly because of the close proximity to the location. Thereupon the Hausener wasen master Christian Kretzler offered a piece of land for the construction of the Kleinbracher wasenmeisterei, which he had bought shortly before from a miller. This idea was rejected by the community of Hausen because, according to the reasoning, a wasen management on this property would pollute the stream, whose water was used by the citizens of Hausen; furthermore, the animal carcasses could not be buried deep enough (both explanations, however, contradicted an expert report by medical officer Dr. Erhard from July 28, 1859).

According to the localities directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria from 1904, Kleinbrach was a rural community with an area of 242.78 hectares and 146 inhabitants and consisted of the Kirchdorf Kleinbrach and the wasteland fortified house .

National Socialism and World War II

On April 27, 1933, on the basis of a municipal council resolution, the square at the school building was renamed Adolf-Hitler-Platz ; a little later this decision was reversed. The district office replaced the incumbent mayor Stefan Stürzenberger with Richard Schlereth; Stürzenberger protested in vain against his removal.

In 1935, Kleinbrach was connected to the long-distance water supply of the Rhön-Maintal Group in addition to the normal water supply. Apparently there was already a functioning water supply, as there are no problems on record in the history of the place. In order to avoid a possible destruction of the long-distance water pipes in the event of war, the original plan to lay the pipes under the Saale bridges was dropped; instead culverts were laid in the Saale .

At the beginning of the Second World War , 30 people from the Saarland community of Hassel ( district of Sankt Ingbert ) were housed in Kleinbrach on the basis of the Kleinbrach process "Accommodation of the border population September 3, 1939" ; when they returned to their homeland is unknown.

In 1939, lessons at the Kleinbracher School were discontinued due to insufficient student numbers, but resumed after the end of the Second World War and continued until the 1966/1967 school year. In 1988 the schoolhouse was sold to a neighbor who converted the building into a residential building.

Kleinbrach after 1945

After the end of the Second World War, Kleinbrach had to take in 51 displaced persons and evacuees for an indefinite period; According to a Commission report, there would have been room for another six people. Mayor Walter Dürrstein's plan to expand the parish hall in this context met with vehement resistance from the population.

Before the construction of a sewage treatment plant in Kleinbrach, the wastewater was directed to the fields and into the Saale . However, the designation of new building sites in the 1960s made adequate sewage disposal necessary. An initial overall plan was presented to the local council in March 1969. It was not until 1971 that the planning was finalized; the end of 1972 was scheduled for completion of the construction work.

The project was accelerated by the incorporation of Kleinbrach into Bad Kissingen with the municipal area reform on July 1, 1972. This was preceded by a resolution of the municipality of Kleinbrach on December 7, 1971 with a result of 5: 0 votes in favor of the incorporation. According to Konrad Käß, a member of the Kleinbrach community council at the time, the Bavarian state government urged a quick decision for voluntary incorporation and, in this case, promised key allocations of around DM 225,000 . The incorporation met with approval from the citizens of Kleinbrach. She brought improvements to the town, including a cycle path to the Hausen district and the renovation of the Kleinbrach church of St. Joachim and Anna .

The incorporation also enabled a loan to finance a fully biological wastewater treatment plant in Kleinbrach. The Poppenhausen company Distler was responsible for the construction of the canals from 1974, while the Bad Kissingen company Otto Halbig was responsible for the construction of the sewage treatment plant in 1976, which went into operation in 1977. In total, the installation of the wastewater disposal in Kleinbrach cost 73,000 DM. Between 2010 and 2011, the sewage treatment plant was renovated; the costs for this were around 250,000 euros.

As part of the land consolidation procedure for the Hausen district of June 21, 1971, the land consolidation was also carried out in Kleinbrach. The board of the community of participants, elected at a meeting of participants on July 29, 1971, initiated the land consolidation at the first board meeting on September 30, 1971. From 1973 to 1974, a reassessment of the affected floor area took place after several inspections. In this connection, concerns on the part of the landowners could be dispelled, so that the planning approval for the land consolidation could take place on April 7, 1975. The assignment of ownership of the newly measured property took place on December 15, 1979. The validity of the land consolidation in Kleinbrach was established on March 9, 1987. The land consolidation made it possible, for example, to build a connection path to Hausen to the monastery bridge and a training ground at the sports field.

From 1985 to 1986 a drilling was carried out in the Kleinbracher area to develop the nearby Großenbracher Luitpoldsprudel . These had become necessary because the Großenbracher Luitpoldsprudel was threatened by flooding through the Franconian Saale .

people

mayor

Mayor of Kleinbrach from 1700 to 1972
Surname Term of office
Jörg Metz first known mention: 1705
Johann Valtin Meder first known mention: 1756
Michel Schlereth first known mention: 1797
Georg Weidmann first known mention: 1821
Valtin Rooster first known mention: 1828
Johann Mahlmeister first known mention: 1841
Johann Morper [first name uncertain] 1858-1863
Cyriak chest 1863-1869
Hofmann [first name unknown] 1870-1876
Reuss [first name unknown] 1876-1888
Johann Morper 1888-1894
Anton Büttner 1900-1905
Karl Hahn 1906-1924
Stefan Stürzenberger 1925-1933
Richard Schlereth 1933-1944
Walter Dürrstein 1944-1945
Richard Hahn 1945–1964
Emil Hammerle 1964-1972

Personalities who have worked on site

Honorary citizen

  • Stefan Stürzenberger; Mayor from 1925 to 1933. Appointment: 1970

Buildings

St. Dionysus Monastery

St Dionysius , view to the southeast

At the site of the devastated church of St. Dionysius in a loop of the Franconian Saale near Kleinbrach, there was possibly the Brachau monastery and the St. Dionysius monastery cell, which was documented for the 14th century and fell apart at the beginning of the 16th century . The last dated message about the existence of the church comes from the year 1503. Anno 1556 reports on an "Instrumentum about the indulgence of St. Dionysii - brother of St. Dionysia". A ruin with traces of a chapel is attested at this point for the year 1845.

In November 1936, two citizens of Kleinbrach found a skeleton during private excavations and took the skull with them. On the recommendation of Max von Freeden, the responsible clerk at the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation , the skull was buried in the Bad Kissingen chapel cemetery in January 1937 .

Archaeological excavations carried out by the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation from 1989 to 1991 proved the existence of a larger cemetery and the foundation walls of the church were exposed. The reconstructed floor plan is open to the public.

Weir system

The first weir in Kleinbrach was built in 1764 under Prince Bishop Adam Friedrich von Seinsheim to supply the Hausener Schönbornsprudels with water. The current weir system dates from 1908 and is located on the site of the old weir from the 18th century. The fortified house built around 1770 and the annex have been preserved from the original structure.

echo

The Kleinbracher Echo was created when, in 1846, the canal leading from the Kleinbracher weir system to the Hausener Schönbornsprudel was to be shortened by 1.5 kilometers by a tunnel cut. The project failed, however, presumably for financial reasons. The tunnel penetration that was started has been preserved and was given the name Echo because of its sound effect .

Church of St. Joachim and Anna

After the earlier Kleinbrach church was demolished, today's St. Joachim and Anna Church was built from 1882 to 1883 according to plans by the district architect von Morandell with an altar designed by Valentin Weidner and paintings by Jakob Bissinger . The incorporation to Bad Kissingen in 1972 enabled a comprehensive renovation of the church from 1981 to 1984.

Luitpoldsprudel new

Because the Luitpoldsprudel located in the neighboring village of Großenbrach (district of Bad Bocklet ) was threatened by flooding, a new drilling took place in the Kleinbrach district in the mid-1980s. The well drilled in Kleinbrach was given the name Luitpoldsprudel new , while the Großenbracher Sprudel was now called Luitpoldsprudel old . Despite their geographical proximity, the two springs have different water levels.

literature

  • Werner Eberth : Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , Volume 1. Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 2009.
  • Werner Eberth: Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , Volume 2. Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 2010 [History of the salt pans and springs in Hausen].
  • Werner Eberth: Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , Volume 3. Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 2011.
  • Thomas Ahnert and Peter Weidisch (eds.): 25 years of the large district town of Bad Kissingen - A city magazine , Bad Kissingen, Verlag Stadt Bad Kissingen, 1997. ISBN 3-00-001787-9 .
  • Kleinbrach , In: Denis A. Chevalley, Stefan Gerlach: Monuments in Bavaria - City of Bad Kissingen , 1998. ISBN 3-87490-577-2 .
  • Archaeological monuments - Bad Kissingen-Kleinbrach , In: Denis A. Chevalley, Stefan Gerlach: Monuments in Bavaria - City of Bad Kissingen , 1998. ISBN 3-87490-577-2 .
  • Michael Mott : The early medieval “Fulda” monastery Brachau / 823 donated to the Fulda monastery as Brachau monastery , in: “Buchenblätter” Fuldaer Zeitung , 87th year, no. 13, July 2, 2014, p. 49f; No. 14, July 15, 2014, pp. 54f.

Web links

Commons : Kleinbrach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dobencker, Reg. Thur. I 386.
  2. ^ Werner Eberth: Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , Volume 2. Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 2010, p. 15
  3. ↑ Dronke EFJ, Codex diploma. Fuldensis 410
  4. ^ Herbert Schultheis: Bad Bocklet - history of the districts of Aschach and Großenbrach (= Bad Neustädter contributions to the history and local history of Franconia, volume 6) . Bad Neustadt ad Saale 1996, p. 134
  5. ^ A b Werner Eberth: Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , Volume 2. Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 2010, pp. 184–188
  6. ↑ a b Explanation on the echo corrected: The problem was not technology, but money - Main Post article from March 14, 2011
  7. ^ Werner Eberth: Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , Volume 1. Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 2009, pp. 184–192
  8. ^ Werner Eberth: Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , Volume 1. Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 2009, pp. 185–188
  9. ^ Werner Eberth: Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , Volume 1. Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 2009, pp. 187-188
  10. ^ Werner Eberth: Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , Volume 1. Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 2009, pp. 235–241
  11. ^ Werner Eberth: Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , Volume 1. Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 2009, pp. 236–237
  12. ^ Werner Eberth: Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , Volume 1. Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 2009, pp. 240–241
  13. ^ Werner Eberth: Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , Volume 1. Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 2009, pp. 214–244
  14. ^ Werner Eberth: Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , Volume 1. Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 2009, pp. 221–226
  15. ^ Werner Eberth: Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , Volume 1. Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 2009, pp. 129–130
  16. ^ Werner Eberth: Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , Volume 1. Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 2009, p. 97
  17. ^ Werner Eberth: Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , Volume 1. Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 2009, pp. 215-216
  18. ↑ a b Werner Eberth: Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , Volume 3. Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 2011, p. 205
  19. ^ Werner Eberth: Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , volume 1. Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 2009, p. 190
  20. ^ Werner Eberth: Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , Volume 1. Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 2009, pp. 190–191
  21. ^ Werner Eberth: Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , Volume 1. Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 2009, p. 191
  22. ^ Werner Eberth: Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , Volume 3. Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 2011, p. 285
  23. ↑ a b Werner Eberth: Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , Volume 1. Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 2009, p. 107
  24. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 426 .
  25. ↑ Thomas Ahnert and Peter Weidisch (eds.): 25 years of the large district town of Bad Kissingen - A city magazine , Bad Kissingen, Verlag Stadt Bad Kissingen, 1997. ISBN 3-00-001787-9 , pp. 145ff.
  26. ^ Werner Eberth: Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , Volume 3. Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 2011, pp. 286–294
  27. ↑ a b c Werner Eberth: Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , Volume 2. Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 2010, pp. 235–239
  28. ^ Werner Eberth: Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , Volume 1, p. 16
  29. ^ Denis André Chevalley, Stefan Gerlach: City of Bad Kissingen (= Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation [Hrsg.]: Monuments in Bavaria . Volume VI.75 / 2 ). Karl M. Lipp Verlag, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-87490-577-2 , p. 160 f .
  30. ^ Johannes Wilhelm Rost: The old ruin between large and small fallow . In: Arch. Des Histor. Association (AFUA), Volume 9, 1846, Würzburg, p. 146ff.
  31. ^ Werner Eberth: Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , Volume 3. Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 2011, pp. 312-314
  32. ^ Werner Eberth: Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , Volume 2. Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 2010, p. 188
  33. ^ Werner Eberth: Valentin Weidner . In: Kissinger Hefte , Volume 1, Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 1992, pp. 40-41
  34. ^ Werner Eberth: Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , Volume 3. Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 2011, pp. 108–112
  35. ^ Denis André Chevalley, Stefan Gerlach: City of Bad Kissingen (= Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation [Hrsg.]: Monuments in Bavaria . Volume VI.75 / 2 ). Karl M. Lipp Verlag, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-87490-577-2 , p. 142 .
  36. ↑ Werner Eberth: 100 years of the Church of St. Joachim and Anna in Kleinbrach . Sources sheets No. 125 and 126
  37. ^ Werner Eberth: Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , Volume 2. Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 2010, pp. 238-239
  38. ^ Werner Eberth: Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , Volume 2. Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 2010, p. 237
  39. ^ Werner Eberth: Contributions to the history of Hausen and Kleinbrach , Volume 2. Theresienbrunnen-Verlag, Bad Kissingen 2010, p. 239