Diocese of Würzburg

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Diocese of Würzburg
Erzbistum Freiburg Erzbistum Bamberg Erzbistum Berlin Erzbistum Hamburg Erzbistum Köln Erzbistum München und Freising Erzbistum Paderborn Bistum Aachen Bistum Augsburg Bistum Dresden-Meißen Bistum Eichstätt Bistum Erfurt Bistum Essen Bistum Fulda Bistum Görlitz Bistum Hildesheim Bistum Limburg Bistum Magdeburg Bistum Mainz Bistum Mainz Bistum Münster Bistum Münster Bistum Osnabrück Bistum Passau Bistum Regensburg Diözese Rottenburg-Stuttgart Bistum Speyer Bistum Trier Bistum Trier Bistum WürzburgMap of the Diocese of Würzburg
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Basic data
Country Germany
Ecclesiastical province Bamberg
Metropolitan bishopric Archdiocese of Bamberg
Diocesan bishop Franz Jung
Auxiliary bishop Ulrich Boom
Emeritus diocesan bishop Friedhelm Hofmann
Auxiliary Bishop Emeritus Helmut Bauer
Vicar General Thomas Keßler
surface 8,532 km²
Dean's offices 20 (December 31, 2014 / AP2015 )
Parishes 609 (December 31, 2018)
Residents 1,309,209 (December 31, 2018)
Catholics 734,613 (December 31, 2018)
proportion of 56.1%
Diocesan priest 422 (December 31, 2018)
Religious priest 116 (December 31, 2018)
Catholics per priest 1,365
Permanent deacons 203 (December 31, 2018)
Friars 210 (December 31, 2018)
Religious sisters 963 (December 31, 2018)
rite Roman rite
Liturgical language Latin , German
cathedral St. Kilian's Cathedral
address Domerschulstrasse 2
D-97067 Würzburg
Website www.bistum-wuerzburg.de
Ecclesiastical province
Erzbistum Freiburg Erzbistum Bamberg Erzbistum Berlin Erzbistum Hamburg Erzbistum Köln Erzbistum München und Freising Erzbistum Paderborn Bistum Aachen Bistum Augsburg Bistum Dresden-Meißen Bistum Eichstätt Bistum Erfurt Bistum Essen Bistum Fulda Bistum Görlitz Bistum Hildesheim Bistum Limburg Bistum Magdeburg Bistum Mainz Bistum Mainz Bistum Münster Bistum Münster Bistum Osnabrück Bistum Passau Bistum Regensburg Diözese Rottenburg-Stuttgart Bistum Speyer Bistum Trier Bistum Trier Bistum WürzburgMap of the ecclesiastical province of Bamberg
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The Diocese of Würzburg ( Latin Dioecesis Herbipolensis ) is a Roman Catholic diocese in Franconia , Bavaria . It was founded in 741 or early 742 and was a major power factor of the Roman-German Empire . The prince-bishops ruled the Würzburg monastery , an imperial territory , until the secularization on August 24, 1802 . In 1818 the diocese was re-established and since 1822 it has belonged to the ecclesiastical province of Bamberg .

history

Beginnings

Christianity was initially brought to the region by the Merovingians in 531. Further evidence of Christianization can be found around 640 with St. Gertrud in Karlburg and Neustadt am Main, around 689 with the Irish wandering monks Kilian , Kolonat and Totnan in Würzburg and in 704 with Willibrord in Würzburg.

The diocese of Würzburg itself was created in 741 or early 742 by the Anglo-Saxon mission archbishop Bonifatius as part of the church reorganization of East Franconia on the right bank of the Rhine and was officially founded in 742 at the latest, the year of the confirmation by Pope Zacharias . The first bishop was the Anglo-Saxon Burkard from 742 to 753 ; he was not ordained bishop by Boniface. At that time the Sprengel stretched from the Rennsteig and the Fulda in the north to the Lauffen - Ellwangen - Feuchtwangen - Roßtal line in the south. The western border was on the eastern side of the Mainviereck, in the east it went beyond the Main sources without any fixed boundary. At the end of the 8th century, Würzburg became a suffragan of Mainz, which was elevated to an archbishopric under Charlemagne (→ ecclesiastical province of Mainz ).

At first the Marienkirche in the Marienberg Episcopal Cathedral and then St. Andrew's Convent was the Domgeistlichen (soon after the first Bishop St. Burkard called), bishop and cathedral chapter moved to the right side of the Main near the arising in the 8th century cathedral .

The second millennium

Würzburg Cathedral (1904)

In 1007 King Heinrich II obtained the formation of the new Bamberg diocese mainly from parts of the Würzburg diocese.

At the end of the 12th century, Würzburg achieved extensive independence from the bailiffs, especially the Counts of Henneberg . Through a privilege of Emperor Friedrich Barbarossa , the bishops of Würzburg became dukes (later titulature: Dukes of Franconia ). Würzburg developed into an important prince-bishopric .

In the middle of the 13th to the middle of the 15th century, the bishopric became heavily indebted, so that in 1441 it was even considered transferring it to the Teutonic Order . The influence of the cathedral chapter , which was recruited from the knighthood, increased.

After the Thirty Years' War , the prince-bishops erected numerous baroque buildings, such as the Würzburg Residence . After secularization through the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss in 1803, the diocese was attached to the ecclesiastical province of Bamberg .

In the area of ​​the dioceses of Würzburg and Bamberg there had been numerous witch trials from the 17th to the 18th centuries .

Würzburg and Bamberg's last prince-bishop was Georg Karl von Fechenbach . The organization of the diocese of Würzburg was initially taken over by the auxiliary bishop Gregor Zirkel , the vicars general Johann Franz Schenk Freiherr von Stauffenberg (1734–1813) as capitular vicar and, after his death in 1813, Joseph Fichtl (1740–1824) as provicer .

The Aschaffenburg areas came from the old Archdiocese of Mainz to the Diocese of Würzburg in 1814. In return, some areas of the Würzburg diocese fell to the west and south of it.

After the concordat between the Holy See and the Kingdom of Bavaria that was made in 1817 and implemented from 1821 onwards, only Franz Anton von Reinach (1755–1830) of the old aristocratic cathedral chapter remained as cathedral provost. The theologian and pedagogue Franz Oberthür was one of the most important new cathedral capitulars from the bourgeois diocesan clergy .

Bischöfliches Palais, former Conti courtyard, 2010 (the former west wing was removed in favor of Herrnstrasse)

In 1818 , Adam Friedrich Groß zu Trockau was assigned the former canon court Conti (Curia Conti) in Herrnstrasse ( Kardinal-Döpfner-Platz 4 ) , which existed from 1588 to 1609, as the episcopal palace .

In 1826 at the latest, the area of ​​the Duchy of Saxony-Coburg changed to the Diocese of Bamberg , presumably together with the Banzgau and parts of the Rodach Valley.

The theology professor Georg Anton Stahl , appointed as bishop in 1840 , who made Würzburg a center of “Roman theology”, also belonged to the new generation of church dignitaries who did not come from the nobility .

In 1843 the 1100th anniversary of the foundation of the diocese took place one year late due to a bad harvest.

From October 23 to November 16, 1848, the first German Bishops' Conference took place in Würzburg (in the rooms of the seminary and in the Franciscan monastery) .

The time after the Second World War

Würzburg St. Kilians Cathedral

In addition to the division of Germany, the end of the Second World War also meant the division of some dioceses, the scope of which also extended to areas of the newly formed GDR . The Würzburg diocese was also affected, the deaneries of Meiningen and Saalfeld were in the GDR and were officially part of the Würzburg diocese until 1973 and legally until 1994. The last episcopal commissioner of the Bishop of Würzburg in Meiningen was Karl Ebert . In 1973, by papal decree, the parts of the bishoprics of Fulda and Würzburg located in the GDR were merged to form the Episcopal Office of Erfurt-Meiningen with its seat in Erfurt . This episcopal office was raised to the diocese of Erfurt in 1994 . A special feature in this context is the Ostheim vor der Rhön Curate , which under canonical law belongs to the Diocese of Fulda as a former exclave of the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach , but has been cared for by the Diocese of Würzburg since 1945.

After the cathedral was destroyed, the Neumünster collegiate church was the episcopal church of the Würzburg diocese until it was re-consecrated in 1967 . In 1961, Bishop Josef Stangl was able to move into his residence in the previously restored bishop's palace, the former Conti canon court .

From 1971 to 1975 the Würzburg Synod took place in St. Kilian's Cathedral .

A diocesan partnership with the Tanzanian diocese of Mbinga has existed since 1989 . On December 2, 2012, another was closed with the Diocese of Obidos in Brazil.

From 1979 to 2003 the university professor Paul-Werner Scheele served as bishop. After his resignation was accepted on July 14, 2003, the Würzburg cathedral provost and auxiliary bishop Helmut Bauer administratively headed the diocese until the art historian and Cologne auxiliary bishop Friedhelm Hofmann was appointed 88th bishop of Würzburg in 2004. After Friedhelm Hofmann's resignation was accepted on September 18, 2017, Auxiliary Bishop Ulrich Boom headed the diocese during the vacancy. On February 16, 2018, Franz Jung was appointed 89th Bishop of Würzburg by Pope Francis and consecrated on June 10 of the same year.

Bishopric patron

Saint Kilian is the patron of the Diocese of Würzburg . His companions Kolonat and Totnan are co-patrons of the diocese.

Diocesan calendar

In the diocese of Würzburg, the regional calendar for the German-speaking area is supplemented by the following self-celebrations , with the directory differentiating between the "diocesan calendar " and the "Proprium Herbipolense" ("Würzburg own celebrations") (followed by the rank, the liturgical color and the calendar Assignment);

Abbreviations: H = solemn festival , F = festival , G = mandatory day of remembrance , g = non-mandatory day of remembrance , DK = diocesan calendar , PH = Proprium Herbipolense

Stiftsvögte or burgrave of Würzburg

Burgraves of Würzburg from the family of the Franconian Babenbergs were:

  • Godebold I .; † after 1100, 1057 Burgrave of Würzburg, brother of Count Poppo I. von Henneberg
  • Godebold II ; † 1144, Burgrave of Würzburg, son of Godebold I,
  • Berthold; † 1157, Burgrave of Würzburg, son of Godebold II, brother of Count Poppo II of Henneberg and Bishop Gebhard († 1159), progenitor of the other Counts of Henneberg

Dean's offices

Erzdiözese Bamberg Diözese Erfurt Erzdiözese Freiburg Erzdiözese Freiburg Diözese Fulda Diözese Mainz Diözese Mainz Diözese Rottenburg-Stuttgart Dekanat Alzenau Dekanat Aschaffenburg-Stadt Dekanat Aschaffenburg-Ost Dekanat Aschaffenburg-West Dekanat Bad Kissingen Dekanat Bad Neustadt Dekanat Hammelburg Dekanat Haßberge Dekanat Karlstadt Dekanat Kitzingen Dekanat Lohr (Bistum Würzburg) Dekanat Miltenberg Dekanat Obernburg Dekanat Ochsenfurt Dekanat Schweinfurt-Nord Dekanat Schweinfurt-Stadt Dekanat Schweinfurt-Süd Dekanat Würzburg links des Mains Dekanat Würzburg rechts des Mains Dekanat Würzburg-StadtMap of the deaneries of the Diocese of Würzburg.png
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Until 2010 there was also the Ebern deanery, which was then incorporated into the Haßberge deanery, and the Rhön-Grabfeld deanery, which has been part of the Bad Neustadt deanery since 2011. In 1955 the Dettelbach deanery was dissolved, followed by the Volkach deanery in 1975 . Both were largely integrated into the Kitzingen dean's office. In 1905 the deanery Stadtschwarzach had already been dissolved.

Church closings

Development of membership numbers

In the diocese of Würzburg, in contrast to some other Catholic dioceses in Germany, only a few churches have been abandoned in recent years. This includes:

  • Bad Neustadt an der Saale , Lebenhan district , St. Kilian monastery church: profaned on November 23, 2008
  • Burkardroth , district Waldfenster , St. Pius Church: built in 1965/66, demolished in summer 2018, successor church under construction since then
  • Himmelstadt , St. Immina Memorial Church: built 1963–1965, profaned on February 26, 2010, demolished in November 2010, today used by the neighboring St. Jakobus Church
  • Hofheim i.UFr. , Eichelsdorf , St. Alfons monastery church : profaned on December 2, 2008, monastery building sold, church converted into a concert hall
  • Sailauf , parish church "Resurrection of our Lord Jesus Christ": built 1969–1971, All Saints 2008 last service, profaned on March 11, 2009, demolished in July / August 2009, today use of the nearby St. Vitus Church
  • Waigolshausen , St. Jakobus Church: built in 1961, last service on August 2, 2012, nave demolished, replaced by a new building in 2012–2014

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Diocese of Würzburg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Catholic Church in Germany. (PDF: 1,041 kB) Statistical data 2018. Secretariat of the German Bishops' Conference, July 19, 2019, p. 3 , accessed on July 19, 2019 .
  2. ↑ AP2019
  3. ^ Diocese of Würzburg: website ( history ) , accessed on January 28, 2018.
  4. ↑ Ulrich Wagner: Würzburg rulers, Bavarian minister-presidents, chairmen of the district council / district council presidents, regional presidents, bishops, lord mayors 1814–2006. In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. 4 volumes, Volume I-III / 2, Theiss, Stuttgart 2001-2007; III / 1–2: From the transition to Bavaria to the 21st century. Volume 2, 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1478-9 , pp. 1221-1224; here: p. 1223 ( Bishops of Würzburg ).
  5. ^ Wilhelm Engel in: Willy Schmitt-Lieb, Wilhelm Engel: Würzburg in the picture. With a foreword by Mayor Franz Stadelmayer . Wisli-Mappe, Würzburg 1956, p. 9.
  6. ↑ Wolfgang Weiss : The Catholic Church in the 19th Century. In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. 4 volumes, Volume I-III / 2, Theiss, Stuttgart 2001-2007; III / 1–2: From the transition to Bavaria to the 21st century. 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1478-9 , pp. 430-449 and 1303, here: pp. 434 f.
  7. ↑ According to Wilhelm Engel: "Space between the upper Fulda and the middle Aisch, between the middle Neckar and the upper Werra".
  8. ^ Wilhelm Engel in: Willy Schmitt-Lieb, Wilhelm Engel: Würzburg in the picture. Wisli-Mappe, Würzburg 1956, p. 9.
  9. ^ Friedrich Merzbacher : The witch trials in Franconia. 1957 (= series of publications on Bavarian national history. Volume 56); 2nd, extended edition: CH Beck, Munich 1970, ISBN 3-406-01982-X .
  10. ↑ Wolfgang Weiss : The Catholic Church in the 19th Century. In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. 4 volumes, Volume I-III / 2, Theiss, Stuttgart 2001-2007; III / 1–2: From the transition to Bavaria to the 21st century. 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1478-9 , pp. 430-449 and 1303, here: pp. 430 f.
  11. ↑ Wolfgang Weiss : The Catholic Church in the 19th Century. In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. 4 volumes, Volume I-III / 2, Theiss, Stuttgart 2001-2007; III / 1–2: From the transition to Bavaria to the 21st century. 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1478-9 , pp. 430-449 and 1303, here: p. 431.
  12. ↑ Stefan Kummer : Architecture and fine arts from the beginnings of the Renaissance to the end of the Baroque. In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. 4 volumes; Volume 2: From the Peasants' War in 1525 to the transition to the Kingdom of Bavaria in 1814. Theiss, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8062-1477-8 , pp. 576–678 and 942–952, here: pp. 596 f.
  13. ↑ Wolfgang Weiss : The Catholic Church in the 19th Century. In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. 4 volumes, Volume I-III / 2, Theiss, Stuttgart 2001-2007; III / 1–2: From the transition to Bavaria to the 21st century. 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1478-9 , pp. 430-449 and 1303, here: pp. 431 f.
  14. ^ Church in Franconia. In: fraenkischer-bund.de. Franconian Federation V., accessed on September 16, 2019 .
  15. ↑ Wolfgang Weiß (2007), p. 433.
  16. ^ Sybille Grübel: Timeline of the history of the city from 1814-2006. In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. 4 volumes, Volume I-III / 2, Theiss, Stuttgart 2001-2007; III / 1–2: From the transition to Bavaria to the 21st century. Volume 2, 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1478-9 , pp. 1225-1247; here: p. 1228.
  17. ↑ Klaus Witt City: church and state in the 20th century. In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. 4 volumes, Volume I-III / 2, Theiss, Stuttgart 2001-2007; III / 1–2: From the transition to Bavaria to the 21st century. 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1478-9 , pp. 453–478 and 1304 f., Here: pp. 470–475 ( renewal in the spirit of the Second Vatican Council - Bishop Josef Stangl ). P. 471.
  18. ^ Partnership - partnership Obidos. Diocesan Agency for Mission - Development - Peace, accessed on September 16, 2019 .
  19. ↑ Klaus Witt City: church and state in the 20th century. In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. 4 volumes, Volume I-III / 2, Theiss, Stuttgart 2001-2007; III / 1–2: From the transition to Bavaria to the 21st century. 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1478-9 , pp. 453–478 and 1304 f., Here: pp. 475–478: The development at the end of the 20th century - the term of office of Bishop Paul-Werner Scheele (1979– 2003). Pp. 477 and 480 f. (Plate 26).
  20. ↑ When the altar leaves the church forever. In: mainpost.de. November 24, 2008, accessed September 19, 2019 .
  21. ↑ Catalog of works. In: chm.de. Christoph Mäckler Architects, accessed on September 16, 2019 .
  22. ↑ Himmelstadt Church is being demolished. In: mainpost.de. November 2, 2010, accessed September 16, 2019 .
  23. ↑ Church of the Resurrection. In: sailauf.pg-vorspessart.de. Parish of St. Vitus Sailauf, November 15, 2011, accessed on September 16, 2019 .
  24. ↑ News about the new church building. Retrieved September 16, 2019 .