Großeibstadt

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the community of Großeibstadt
Großeibstadt
Map of Germany, position of the municipality of Großeibstadt highlighted

Coordinates: 50 ° 18 '  N , 10 ° 25'  E

Basic data
State : Bavaria
Administrative region : Lower Franconia
County : Rhön-Grabfeld
Management Community : Hall on the Saale
Height : 286 m above sea level NHN
Area : 16.64 km 2
Residents: 1080 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 65 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 97633
Area code : 09761
License plate : NES, CAN, MET
Community key : 09 6 73 127
Community structure: 5 districts
Association administration address: Wiesenflecklein 4
97633 Saal adSaale
Website : www.grosseibstadt.rhoen-saale.net
Mayor : Gerhard Jäger (Voters' Association Kleineibstadt)
Location of the community of Großeibstadt in the Rhön-Grabfeld district
Fladungen Hausen (Rhön) Bundorfer Forst Burgwallbacher Forst Forst Schmalwasser-Nord Forst Schmalwasser-Süd Mellrichstadter Forst Steinacher Forst rechts der Saale Sulzfelder Forst Weigler Willmars Nordheim vor der Rhön Sondheim vor der Rhön Stockheim (Unterfranken) Mellrichstadt Mellrichstadt Ostheim vor der Rhön Oberelsbach Bischofsheim in der Rhön Bischofsheim in der Rhön Sandberg Schönau an der Brend Hohenroth Niederlauer Burglauer Strahlungen Salz (Unterfranken) Bastheim Oberstreu Unsleben Wollbach (Unterfranken) Bad Neustadt an der Saale Heustreu Hendungen Hollstadt Rödelmaier Wülfershausen an der Saale Höchheim Saal an der Saale Aubstadt Herbstadt Trappstadt Großeibstadt Großbardorf Sulzfeld (im Grabfeld) Bad Königshofen im Grabfeld Bad Königshofen im Grabfeld Sulzdorf an der Lederhecke Thüringen Landkreis Haßberge Landkreis Schweinfurt Hessen Landkreis Bad Kissingenmap
About this picture

Großeibstadt is a municipality in the Lower Franconian district of Rhön-Grabfeld and a member of the administrative community Saal an der Saale . The community gained international archaeological importance through the discovery of richly furnished Neolithic and Hallstatt cemetery fields in 1954/1955 and 1980.

geography

Geographical location

Großeibstadt is located in the Main-Rhön region , in the middle of the Franconian Grabfeldgau . The community with the community parts Großeibstadt and Kleineibstadt is located on the Franconian Saale at the foot of the Haßberge between Saal ad Saale and Bad Königshofen in Grabfeld on the B 279 . It is surrounded by the Rhön and Thuringian Forest nature parks .

Community structure

There are five parts of the community:

There are the districts Großeibstadt and Kleineibstadt.

history

Until the church is planted

The village of Ibinstadt was first mentioned in a document in 786 . During the time of the tribal duchies, the place was in the Duchy of Franconia . From 1317, Großeibstadt was part of the Henneberg district of Kissingen. Further fiefs in the place are u. a. the St. Stefan monasteries in Würzburg, Fulda and Wechterswinkel, the Dompropstei Würzburg, the von Heßberg and the Truchseß von Wetzhausen . As part of the Schleusinger Treaty in 1586 , the place became part of the Würzburg Monastery , to which it belonged until the beginning of the 19th century. As part of the bishopric, the place belonged to the Franconian Imperial Circle created around 1500 . In 1803 Großeibstadt was secularized together with the Amt Sulzfeld in favor of Bavaria and in the Peace of Preßburg (1805) left to Archduke Ferdinand of Tuscany to form the Grand Duchy of Würzburg . The barons of Münster owned a manor in Kleineibstadt , which in 1806 also fell to the Grand Duchy. (see Schloss Kleineibstadt ).

With the final dissolution of the Rhine Confederation in 1814 , the existence of the Grand Duchy of Würzburg also ended. Großeibstadt thus fell to the Kingdom of Bavaria . In the course of the administrative reforms in Bavaria, the municipal edict of 1818 created the political communities of Kleineibstadt and Großeibstadt.

Großeibstadt necropolis

The settlement history goes back much further than the first documentary mention, such as the sensational find from an archaeological point of view of richly furnished Neolithic and Hallstatt period graves (“ Hallstattwagen von Großeibstadt”) including some clay drums from around 3,000 BC. BC proves. The grave field discovered in 1954/55 consisted of chamber car graves that were found in the period between 675 and 600 BC. Were created. In the much larger grave field discovered in 1980, another six chamber graves were found, two small chamber graves with body burials and around 40 pit graves with cremations. Also in the 1980s, three houses of the dead from the late Neolithic Walternienburg-Bernburg culture were excavated. In 1993, more graves were finally found at a distance of only 250 m, including another chamber car grave.

  • Model of a burial mound from the Hallstatt period as it was also discovered in Großeibstadt. Germanic National Museum

  • Model of a four-wheeled wagon from the Hallstatt period, similar to the find in Großeibstadt. Germanic National Museum

The necropolises of Großeibstadt are still considered to be the examples Ha C- to Ha D1-temporal grand tombs of women and men of an internationally active elite who drove wagons and organized in the form of a warriors' union, who were buried extremely elaborately regardless of their family associations. The extremely rich jewelry found in the women's graves (Hügel 19/1981) is one of the richest of the time north of the Alps.

Incorporations

Kleineibstadt was incorporated into Großeibstadt on May 1, 1978 as part of the regional reform .

Population development

  • 1961: 1259 inhabitants
  • 1970: 1303 inhabitants
  • 1987: 1172 inhabitants
  • 1991: 1189 inhabitants
  • 1995: 1252 inhabitants
  • 2000: 1254 inhabitants
  • 2005: 1190 inhabitants
  • 2010: 1161 inhabitants
  • 2015: 1114 inhabitants

politics

mayor

Mayor is Gerhard Jäger (Wahlervereinigung Kleineibstadt).

coat of arms

Coat of arms of Großeibstadt
 Blazon : “Red and blue split by a golden cross staff; in front over three lowered silver tips a silver sloping bar, covered with three blue rings, behind a flight divided by silver and red. "

Coat of arms introduced in 1990.

Municipal alliance

The community is a member of the municipal alliance Fränkischer Grabfeldgau .

Economy and Infrastructure

Economy including agriculture and forestry

According to official statistics, there were 166 employees subject to social security contributions at the place of work in 2005. There were a total of 411 employees at the place of residence subject to social security contributions. There was none in the manufacturing sector and one company in the main construction sector. In addition, in 1999 there were 42 farms with an agricultural area of ​​1241 ha, of which 1107 ha were arable land and 132 ha were permanent green space.

Facilities

There are, among others, the following religious and cultural institutions:

  • the parish of St. John the Baptist as well as the curate of St. Bartholomäus - both in the parish community Westliches Grabfeld, Sulzfeld (since September 2013 led by the pastor from Großeibstadt, Piotr Bruski, parish administrator of Großeibstadt and Großbardorf, Sulzfeld and Kleinbardorf and Kuratus von Kleineibstadt).
  • the Catholic Kindergarten St. Bartholomäus , with space for 45 to 55 children aged up to twelve years (as of 2014)
  • the parish library ( opening times ) (as of 2013)

Sightseeing and tourism

Parish church and blacksmith's gate in Großeibstadt; signed by Rudi Breunig

Architectural monuments

Sports

There are two sports facilities, one of the DJK Kleineibstadt and one of the TSV Großeibstadt.

Well-known sons and daughters of the community

Literature and Sources

  • Josef Braun: District of Königshofen in the Grabfeld. Historical book of place names of Bavaria, Lower Franconia I , Munich 1963, pp. 8–9.
  • Rudi Breunig, Ludmilla Ganß: Heimat Großeibstadt in the past and present. Verlag Schunk, Großeibstadt 1981.
  • Petra Haller: The Prehistory Museum in Grabfeldgau. A new branch museum of the Prehistoric State Collection Munich , Munich 1991.
  • Julia Katharina Koch: The three Neolithic collective graves of Großeibstadt, district of Rhön-Grabfeld . In: Archäologische Informations Nr. 18,1 / 1995, S. 113–117, doi: 10.11588 / ai.1995.1.17498 .
  • Georg Kossack: Grave fields of the Hallstatt period on the Main and Fränkischer Saale , Kallmünz 1970 (= material booklets for Bavarian prehistory no.24).
  • Birgit Schmalz: Before that. Traces in Rhön-Grabfeld. ed. from the Association for Local History e. V. Königshofen, Bad Königshofen 1998.
  • Hans Peter Uenze: The Hallstatt car from Großeibstadt. In: Four-wheeled wagons from the Hallstatt period. Studies on history and technology , Mainz 1987, pp. 69–75.
  • Johann W. Rost: Attempt of a historical-statistical description of the city and former fortress Königshofen and the royal district court district Königshofen. Würzburg 1832, pp. 108-112, 171-175.

Web links

Commons : Großeibstadt  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ↑ Cf. u. a. Martin Trachsel: warrior graves? The addition of swords and practices of ritual banishment in graves of the early Iron Age . In: Raimund Karl, Jutta Leskovar (Hrsg.): Interpretierte Eisenzeit. Case studies, methods, theory , Linz 2005, pp. 53–82; Anton Kern: A new butcher knife from the Hallstatt burial ground . In: Annals of the Natural History Museum in Vienna. Series A for Mineralogy and Petrography, Geology and Paleontology, Anthropology and Prehistory No. 101/1999, pp. 57–67; Petra Haller: The Prehistory Museum in Grabfeldgau. A new branch museum of the Prehistoric State Collection Munich , Munich 1991.
  3. ↑ http://www.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de/orte/ortssuche_action.html ? Anzeige=voll&modus=automat&tempus=+20111120/214425&attr=OBJ&val= 1592
  4. ↑ Großeibstadt in the Rhön Lexicon
  5. ↑ The entire 1st floor of the Archaeological Museum Bad Königshofen (a branch museum of the Archaeological State Collection Munich) is dedicated to the depiction of the Hallstatt period. The grave fields of Großeibstadt, discovered in 1954/55 and 1980–1982, with their richly decorated graves of men and women who z. Some of them were provided with wooden burial chambers, a central place. As a symbol of the status of a nobleman at that time, the dead man was given a four-wheeled cart with him in the grave. This car could be reconstructed in 1986. Cf. on the exploration and significance of the grave fields of Großeibstadt: Petra Haller: The Prehistory Museum in Grabfeldgau. A new branch museum of the Prehistoric State Collection Munich . In: Communications from the Friends of Bavarian Pre- and Early History No. 50/1989; Hans Peter Uenze: The Hallstatt car from Großeibstadt . In: Four-wheeled wagons from the Hallstatt period. Studies on history and technology, Mainz 1987, pp. 69–75; Ludwig Wamser: A stone age clay drum from Lower Franconia , in: Messages from the friends of Bavarian prehistory and early history No. 29/1983.
  6. ↑ From: Ludwig Wamser: The excavations 1981 in Hallstatt-era necropolis near Großeibstadt, Rhön-Grabfeld district, Lower Franconia. in: Arch. Jahr Bayern 1981, pp. 40–41 and 104–105.
  7. ↑ a b c Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 741 .
  8. ↑ Mayor. Großeibstadt community, accessed on August 6, 2020 .
  9. ^ Entry on the coat of arms of Großeibstadt  in the database of the House of Bavarian History
  10. ↑ Sports facilities