Hendungen

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 50 ° 24 '  N , 10 ° 21'  E
Basic data
State :	Bavaria
Administrative region :	Lower Franconia
County :	Rhön-Grabfeld
Management Community :	Mellrichstadt
Height :	308 m above sea level NHN
Area :	22.85 km 2
Residents:	876 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	38 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	97640
Primaries :	09776, 09764
License plate :	NES, CAN, MET
Community key :	09 6 73 130
Community structure:	2 districts
Association administration address:	Main street 4 97638 Mellrichstadt
Website :	www.hendung.de
Mayor :	Florian Liening-Ewert ( CSU / Free Voting Community)
Location of the community of Hendungen in the Rhön-Grabfeld district

Hendungen is a municipality in the Lower Franconian district of Rhön-Grabfeld .

geography

The community is not far east of the federal highway 71 on the Bahra . The Franconian Marienweg leads through the village .

Community structure

Hendungen consists of the districts Hendungen and Rappershausen , each of which has its own district . The Uttenhausen desert lies about one kilometer south of Rappershausen .

history

middle Ages

On March 25, 783 the abbess Emhilt transferred the Benedictine monastery Milz she had founded and her allodial hereditary land, including property to Hendungen ("Hedingen"), "our almighty Savior, the Holy Mother Mary and the women of God who lived in my monastery in Milz … serve". This was the first documentary mention of Hendungen. According to another document dated February 3, 800, Emhilt gave the Milz Monastery and the property in the villages listed, including Hendungen (“Hentingi”), to the Fulda Abbey together with 22 signing nuns . The presumably predominant part of Hendungen, including 14 Hufen, 35 Manzipien and the church dedicated to St. Mary and John the Baptist, was donated to Lorsch Monastery by Eckehart on April 14, 801 . Another part of Hendungen was transferred to the Fulda monastery by Count Erpho.

On October 21, 1232, Prince Abbot Conrad III. von Fulda and Count Poppo VII von Henneberg signed a contract in which Hendungen was exchanged for Helmershausen . With the Henneberg partition contract in 1274, all of Hendungen fell to the Henneberg-Aschach line (under Hermann II). On May 27, 1498 Hendungen received by Emperor Maximilian I , the market law and was called from then on as spots. It also got its own official seat this year. Hendungen came to the Henneberg- Schwarza line through two inheritance divisions of the county of Henneberg-Aschach (-Römhild) in 1468 and 1532 .

Modern times

In the reign of Henneberg-Römhild-Schwarza, the Reformation was introduced in 1545 , whereby the place Hendungen as well as the neighboring places Bahra , Rappershausen and Roßrieth became Protestant. After the death of the childless Catholic Count Albrecht von Henneberg-Römhild-Schwarza in 1549, the Lutheran Count Wilhelm VI. von Henneberg-Schleusingen owns his legacy, including Hendungen.

After the principle of Cuius regio, eius religio had been adopted in the Augsburg Religious Peace in 1555 , Lutheran-Henneberg visitors examined the then Catholic pastor in Hendungen in 1557 , chased him away and replaced him with a Lutheran preacher. The Lords of Bibra revoked the parish affiliation of the Protestant town of Bahra in their possession to the Würzburg Catholic Mellrichstadt and transferred the pastoral care to the Lutheran preacher von Hendungen, who also received the taxes that had flowed to Mellrichstadt up to that point. For the year 1561, deliveries of wine from the Uttenhausen desert (and the Eichelbrunn desert) for the church consecrations to Behrungen and Hendungen are documented. In 1574, Hendungen (along with Ilmenau , Kaltennordheim , Kühndorf , Ober Maßfeld , Schmalkalden , Schleusingen , Themar and Wasungen ) became one of the nine dean's offices in the Hennebergische Lande , each of which was appointed a dean . On December 27, 1583, Count Georg Ernst von Henneberg-Schleusingen died and Hendungen came under the joint administration of the Ernestine and Albertine Wettins as part of the County of Henneberg-Schleusingen, in accordance with the provisions of the Kahla Treaty of 1554 .

In 1586, the Würzburg Monastery and the Saxon princes agreed in the Schleusinger Treaty the transfer of some places in what is now Lower Franconia, including Hendungen, as well as a quarter of the cents and customs to Münnerstadt and 30,000 guilders to the Würzburg Monastery. With this treaty, the princes of Saxony, by transferring formerly Henneberg splinter property, ensured that the Meiningen office, which had been exchanged by the Hennebergers of Würzburg in 1542, did not return to the bishopric after the death of the counts, but remained under Saxon administration. Hendungen lost his own official seat at this transfer of territory and was now part of the Mellrichstadt office . From this point in time, no more use was evidently made of market law. The previous Lutheran preacher in Hendungen held his farewell sermon on the Sunday before July 27, 1588. Johann von Hag was appointed parish administrator to Hendungen by Bishop Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn , after he had given a trial sermon in Würzburg on June 1, 1588 and had been recognized as capable. On November 9, 1588, the Würzburg bishop Julius Echter rejected the complaints of Elector Christian I of Saxony and Duke Friedrich Wilhelm I of Saxony-Weimar about the introduction of the new Gregorian calendar in Hendungen and Eußenhausen . The lords of Bibra withdrew Bahra from Hendungen and instead made it a branch of Rappershausen, which had remained in Saxony and was raised to a parish. The taxes that had previously flowed to the pastor in Hendungen were also to go to Rappershausen from then on. In 1598 there was therefore a lawsuit before the Reich Chamber of Commerce, although Hendungen “did not obtain a favorable judgment”.

With the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss 1803, the Hochstift Würzburg was secularized and for the most part added to the Electorate of Bavaria . With the Peace of Pressburg , Bavaria entered the Principality of Würzburg on December 26, 1805 in exchange with Tyrol to Elector Ferdinand III. from. After the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation ceased to exist on August 6, 1806, Ferdinand joined the Confederation of the Rhine on September 25, 1806 and his small principality was elevated to the Grand Duchy of Würzburg by Napoleon in 1808 . The "cleaning contract" between the Grand Duchy of Würzburg and Saxony-Meiningen, which was signed on June 20, 1808, regulated the border between the Grand Duchy of Würzburg and the ducal Saxon-Meiningian and Saxon-Roman-Hilda area anew, whereby the place Rappershausen and the desert Uttenhausen were assigned to Würzburg. It was expressly pointed out that Würzburg's right of inheritance, which was agreed in the Schleusingen Treaty of July 19, 1586, continued to exist. After Napoleon's defeat in the Battle of Leipzig , Ferdinand III. on October 26, 1813 the connection with France and joined the coalition against Napoleon. In the final act of the Congress of Vienna on June 9, 1815, it was determined that the Grand Duchy of Würzburg largely fell back to Bavaria , while Ferdinand III. regained its hereditary state, the Grand Duchy of Tuscany.

Latest story

After several potential investors found the Rhön's power supply not attractive enough, 47 municipalities from Bavaria, Hesse and Thuringia, including Hendungen, founded Überlandwerk Rhön GmbH on March 29, 1920, which is still a 100 percent municipal company today. On November 26, 1923, the Prussian Minister for Trade and Industry wrote in a statement:

“It is to be feared that the Rhön population would not use these facilities and would leave them idle for years to come. Because with the power supply alone it did not happen, since the residents of the area are hardly able to take the power with the current state of the economic development of the district. Agriculture and industry are too low for this. ... At the moment there are no preconditions without which even the best expansion of the power distribution network is worthless. "

In the period that followed, other communities participated as shareholders. Initially, the power plants of the potash group Wintershall near Dorndorf ( Thuringia ) served as the source of electricity , later electricity was supplied for the entire area from the Breitungen power plant on the Werra .

Pastor Konrad Weigand was arrested on July 21, 1941 and shortly thereafter transferred to the Dachau concentration camp , as he had protested in his sermon on June 29, 1941 that the teacher had repeatedly removed the school cross and replaced it with a portrait of Hitler. On July 28, 1941, a demonstration of around 50 women took place in front of the mayor's house in Hendungen because of the pastor's arrest. After protests by the church leadership and unrest in other parishes, Pastor Weigand was released from prison on April 16, 1942.

In 1952 the GDR interrupted the supply of electricity to West Berlin and the Rhön overland plant without prior notice. As a result, individual localities were cut off from the power supply for up to eight days. In order to maintain an emergency operation during the time of the reorganization, the 20 kilovolt emergency connections to the Überlandwerk Fulda AG (ÜWAG) and the Überlandwerk Unterfranken (ÜWU) were activated and reinforced. Agreements have been made with major customers about staggered break times in order to avoid a breakdown of the supply network during peak times. Within a few weeks, a new 30 kilovolt line with a length of more than 20 km was built from Bad Kissingen to the substation in Bad Neustadt .

On July 1, 1972, the Mellrichstadt district was incorporated into the Bad Neustadt an der Saale district as part of the regional reform in Bavaria with the Königshofen district in Grabfeld, which was also dissolved . On May 1, 1973, the new district was given its current designation as the district of Rhön-Grabfeld .

With effect from January 1, 1975, the Mellrichstadt administrative association was founded as the first administrative association in Lower Franconia; operations began on July 1, 1975. The member communities originally included the city of Mellrichstadt (including the districts of Frickenhausen, Roßrieth and Bahra) and the communities of Hendungen, Oberstreu and Stockheim. From July 1, 1976, the municipalities of Mittelstreu and Rappershausen were added by means of an ordinance by the government of Lower Franconia.

On May 1, 1978, Rappershausen was incorporated into the community of Hendungen.

With the construction of the federal motorway 71 , the municipality received a motorway connection in December 2005, which, however, bears the name "Mellrichstadt connection point".

Population development

• 1840: 0773 inhabitants
• 1853: 0823 inhabitants (Hendungen: 550, Rappershausen: 273)
• 1900: 0916 inhabitants
• 1933: 0960 inhabitants (Hendungen: 652, Rappershausen: 308)
• 1939: 0944 inhabitants (Hendungen: 659, Rappershausen: 285)
• 1950: 1234 inhabitants (Hendungen: 836, Rappershausen: 398)
• 1961: 1160 inhabitants (Hendungen: 798, Rappershausen: 362)
• 1970: 1112 inhabitants (Hendungen: 805, Rappershausen: 307)
• 1987: 1023 inhabitants
• 1991: 1066 inhabitants
• 1995: 1069 inhabitants
• 2000: 1054 inhabitants
• 2004: 1033 inhabitants
• 2005: 1038 inhabitants
• 2006: 1029 inhabitants
• 2007: 1022 inhabitants
• 2008: 0997 inhabitants
• 2009: 0988 inhabitants
• 2010: 0977 inhabitants
• 2011: 0961 inhabitants
• 2012: 0942 inhabitants
• 2013: 0922 inhabitants
• 2014: 0913 inhabitants
• 2015: 0908 inhabitants

politics

Florian Liening-Ewert has been the first mayor since May 1, 2014. The community is a member of the Mellrichstadt administrative community .

coat of arms

	Blazon : "In gold on a green three-mountain, a continuous black paw cross, on which a label with three silver tips in red is placed in the middle."

Culture and sights

Architectural monuments

→ Main article : List of architectural monuments in Hendungen

Soil monuments

• Rappershausen tower hill

Economy and Infrastructure

Economy including agriculture and forestry

Portions of this article appear since 1998 is out of date to be .
Please help to research and insert the missing information .

According to official statistics, there were 50 employees at the place of work in the manufacturing sector and 21 in the trade and transport sector. In other economic areas, 25 people were employed at the place of work subject to social security contributions. There were a total of 381 employees at the place of residence subject to social security contributions. There was one company in the manufacturing sector, no company in the main construction sector. In addition, in 1999 there were 41 farms with an agricultural area of ​​1148 ha, of which 1014 ha were arable land and 131 ha were permanent green space.

education

The following institutions exist (as of 2006):

• a kindergarten with 75 places and 46 children
• Until 2004 there was a primary school. The building is now being used by the association Freie aktiv Landschule mit Kindergarten Blumenwiese e. V. used and visited by around 60 children.

literature

• Alois Kraus: 1200 years of Hendungen, a look back at the life of our village . Hendungen, 1983.

Web links

Commons : Hendungen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikisource: Hendungen in the Topographia Franconiae (Mathäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

• Local government
• Hendungen: Official statistics of the LfStat
• School camp

Individual evidence

1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ^ Hendungen , Bayerische Landesbibliothek Online
3. ↑ The name endings "-ingen" and "-ungen" suggest that the name was given at the time of Thuringian settlement in the 5th and 6th centuries.
4. ↑ ^{a b c} Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 741 .
5. ↑ ^{a b} Municipality of Hendungen (ed.): Budget 2014 . 2014.
6. ↑ Florian Liening-Ewert
7. ↑ Entry on the coat of arms of Hendungen  in the database of the House of Bavarian History