Oberelsbach

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 50 ° 26 '  N , 10 ° 7'  E
Basic data
State :	Bavaria
Administrative region :	Lower Franconia
County :	Rhön-Grabfeld
Height :	420 m above sea level NHN
Area :	67.66 km 2
Residents:	2678 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	40 inhabitants per km 2
Postcodes :	97656, 97647
Area code :	09774
License plate :	NES, CAN, MET
Community key :	09 6 73 149
Market structure:	8 districts
Market administration address :	Marktplatz 3 97656 Oberelsbach
Website :	www.oberelsbach-rhoen.de
Mayoress :	Birgit Erb ( CSU )
Location of the Oberelsbach market in the Rhön-Grabfeld district

Oberelsbach is a market in the Lower Franconian district of Rhön-Grabfeld and a state-approved resort .

geography

Oberelsbach (dialect Öwerälsbich ) is located in the Main-Rhön region . The Gangolfsberg, known for its basalt columns, is located in the municipality .

Community structure

Markt Oberelsbach, view from the south

Oberelsbach is divided into the following districts or districts :

• Ginolfs
• Oberelsbach
• Sondernau
• Unterelsbach
• Weisbach

history

Listed house in Unterelsbach

Until the church is planted

Oberelsbach was first mentioned in a document in 812. The place was owned by the Fulda Abbey and passed to the Wechterswinkel Monastery in 1332 . He finally came to the Juliusspital Würzburg and thus to the Hochstift Würzburg , which from 1500 belonged to the Franconian Empire . With the desolation of the northern places Lahr and Lanzig in the late Middle Ages , the districts of the place were bought.

The place has had market rights since 1726 . After secularization in 1803 in favor of Bavaria, the office of the Hochstift Würzburg was left to Archduke Ferdinand of Tuscany in 1805 to form the Grand Duchy of Würzburg and with this in 1814 it finally fell to Bavaria . In the course of the administrative reforms in Bavaria, the municipality of Oberelsbach was created with the municipal edict of 1818 .

19th and 20th centuries

Jewish families had lived in the village since at least the middle of the 19th century. They formed a Jewish community and built their synagogue in 1899 at the end of the Elsweg . This church was devastated by SA men during the November pogrom in 1938 , as a memorial plaque reminds of it, and is now used as a residential and commercial building. (The Jewish share, mostly traders, in the population of the market town of Oberelsbach was about 5 percent).

Incorporations

On January 1, 1972, Ginolfs was incorporated into the Oberelsbach market. Weisbach followed on July 1, 1972. Finally, on January 1, 1978, the market was expanded to include the previously independent communities of Sondernau and Unterelsbach.

Population development

The following table shows the population development since 1840:

year Residents 1840 2917 1900 2518 1950 3748 1961 2944 1970 2934 1987 2871

year Residents 1991 2900 1995 2936 2000 2966 2005 2931 2010 2752 2015 2671

politics

Municipal council

The local elections on March 16, 2014 resulted in the following composition of the local council:

Party / list	Share of votes	Seats
Electoral Association	29.8%	4th
Community of voters Unterelsbach	21.5%	3
Weisbach Citizens' Association	20.2%	3
Ginolfs community of voters	14.8%	2
Sondernau voters' association	13.7%	2

mayor

The mayoral election took place on April 24, 2016. Birgit Erb ( CSU ) has been in office since 2004 and was re-elected with 86.8% of the votes. The turnout was 49.2%.

Culture and sights

Basalt columns on Gangolfsberg

Architectural monument Sebastian relief in the Unterelsbach district

• Baroque parish church of St. Kilian , completed in 1784. It is called the "Rhön basilica" because of its elevated position and rich decoration.
• Chapel of the Holy Helpers with the statue of Maria Untouching
• First German tobacco pipe museum, since 1996 in the old schoolhouse from 1611. It shows a cross-section of the Rhön pipe production, including a double pipe for comparative tasting. At first the pipes were made of clay, later of wood. There are small works of art with relief, including the tobacco pipe by Friedrich Wilhelm I. Another section is dedicated to the Ulm bagpipes. Later materials were meerschaum (valuable carved) and porcelain (with copper print).
• The school building is the birthplace of Valentin Rathgeber , a famous church music composer.
• House Lange Rhoen , information center on the UNESCO - Biosphere Reserve Rhön .
• Oberelsbach is the seat of the International Valentin-Rathgeber-Society .
• Natural monument Kirchlinde in Sondernau

Architectural monuments

→ Main article : List of architectural monuments in Oberelsbach

Economy and Infrastructure

Economic history

The municipal tax receipts in 1999 amounted to the equivalent of 1,059,000 euros, of which the equivalent of 129,000 euros (net) were trade tax receipts.

In 1998, according to official statistics, there were 160 people in the manufacturing sector and no employees in the field of trade and transport who were subject to social security contributions at the place of work. In other economic areas, 89 people were employed at the place of work subject to social security contributions. There were a total of 1,081 employees at the place of residence subject to social security contributions. There was none in the manufacturing industry, and there was one company in the construction industry. In addition, in 1999 there were 111 agricultural holdings with an agricultural area of ​​2031 hectares, of which 1021 hectares were arable land and 1007 hectares were permanent green space.

education

Environmental Education Center Oberelsbach ("Green Classroom")

In 2018 there were the following institutions:

• two day-care centers with a total of 151 places and 155 supervised children
• an elementary school with five teachers, four classes and 82 students
• Environmental education center Oberelsbach with 72 beds

Personalities

• Valentin Rathgeber (* 1682 in Oberelsbach; † 1750 in Banz Monastery ), Benedictine monk, composer, organist
• Wilhelm Vorndran (* 1924 in Oberelsbach-Sondernau; † 2012 in Erlangen ), member of the Bavarian State Parliament from 1958 to 1994 and its President from 1990 to 1994.

Others

Haus der Langen Rhön , tourist information and biosphere center in Oberelsbach

Oberelsbach is the seat of the administration of the Bavarian part of the Rhön Biosphere Reserve .

Oberelsbach has had a partnership with the French municipality of Arnac-Pompadour since May 1982 . The local partnership association Oberelsbach-Pompadour is very committed and encourages this partnership with annual meetings.

literature

• Michael Mott : Honor for the Rathgeber connoisseur / society honors Gottfried Rehm for many years of service (Oberelsbach). Fuldaer Zeitung , February 29, 2012, p. 13.
• Chronicle of Oberelsbach. Editor: Reinhold Albert. Oberelsbach 2012, ISBN 978-393995907-6 .

Web links

Commons : Oberelsbach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikivoyage: Oberelsbach  - travel guide

• Entry on the coat of arms of Oberelsbach  in the database of the House of Bavarian History

• Review of 10 years of management center of the Rhön Biosphere Reserve in Oberelsbach (PDF; 1.3 MB)
• Oberelsbach: Official statistics of the LfStat

Individual evidence

1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ↑ Memorial sites for the victims of National Socialism. A documentation, volume 1. Federal Agency for Civic Education, Bonn 1995, ISBN 3-89331-208-0 , p. 182
3. ↑ Ute Felbor: Racial Biology and Hereditary Science in the Medical Faculty of the University of Würzburg 1937–1945. Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 1995 (= Würzburg medical historical research. Supplement 3; also dissertation Würzburg 1995), ISBN 3-88479-932-0 , p. 81 f.
4. ↑ See Wolfgang Rieß: The population-political situation and development of the Rhöndorfes Oberelsbach. Medical dissertation in Würzburg 1939.
5. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 428 .
6. ↑ ^{a b c} Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 741 .
7. ↑ Nothelferkapelle inaugurated - 14 patrons - hands and donations - (rhoen-aktuell.de of October 28, 2008)
8. ^ Valentin-Rathgeber-Gesellschaft eV Oberelsbach, accessed on September 4, 2011
9. ↑ Homepage of the environmental education center