Coat of arms of the city of Volkach
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City of Volkach, district of Kitzingen |
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| Blazon | |
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| City flag | |
| Blue yellow | |
| Basic data | |
| Introduction: | 14th Century |
| Legal basis: | Evidenced by seal management since 1328, award by Prince-Bishop Konrad von Bibra in 1544 |
| Supporting documents: | Coat of arms of February 22, 1544, ministerial resolution of October 14, 1952 |
| Former municipalities with their own coat of arms: |
Astheim , Dimbach , Fahr Eichfeld , Escherndorf , Gaibach , Köhler , Krautheim , Obervolkach , Rimbach , Volkach |
The coat of arms of the city of Volkach is an emblem of the Bavarian community Volkach in the Lower Franconian district of Kitzingen . The coat of arms has been used since the 14th century and has been subject to some changes over time.
Blazon
The current version of the coat of arms was approved on October 14, 1953 by the Bavarian Minister of the Interior and Deputy Prime Minister Wilhelm Hoegner . Since November 12, 1952, the city of Volkach has been using an official seal that also contains the coat of arms. The blazon is used slightly modified by the House of Bavarian History.
"Split shield, in front three rising silver tips in red, behind in gold a blue oblique river."
Justification of the coat of arms and symbolism
Since 1328 the Franconian rake was first associated with the Duchy of Franconia and the Würzburg Prince-Bishop Wolfram Wolfskeel von Grumbach , who introduced the sign as a symbol of rule in the places of his rule. The three silver tips refer to the Most Holy Trinity , the four red tips pointing downwards are supposed to symbolize the four cardinal points.
The blue wavy bar on the left connects to the place name. The Volkachbach is shown, which comes from the Steigerwald and flows into the Main near Volkach . The Main, which today plays a major role for the city, was not allowed to be used by the Volkach citizens when the coat of arms was awarded. The golden ground is supposed to symbolize the rich natural environment and the fertility of the hallway.
Coat of arms history
A Volkach city coat of arms appeared for the first time in the city's seals , which were attached to documents and had legal force. It is first passed down from the 14th century. At that time it was presented in front with the Franconian rake, at the back there was, unlike on the current coat of arms, a crossing of silver and red. Since 1328 the city rulership was divided, so that the Würzburg prince-bishop (with his symbol, the Franconian rake) and the Counts of Castell (with the crossing) raised claims to the city. The old coat of arms was placed in the Maria im Weingarten church .
At the beginning of the 16th century, the Volkacher Salbuch appeared as an important legal source for the city's history. It does not contain a single coat of arms. More important was the so-called banner , the city flag that waved on the towers as a symbol of protection. It is possible that the author Niklas Brobst did not show the coat of arms out of consideration for the political problems. In the meantime four gentlemen held shares in the city.
This situation changed in the course of the 16th century, when the Würzburg prince-bishops gradually brought Volkach under their rule. After Johann zu Castell renounced his claims to the city, the Casteller Vierung disappeared from the Volkach coat of arms. It gave way to a watercourse, a symbol of citizenship. The water alluded to the Volkachbach, which flows into the Main near the city.
Logically, the Würzburg Bishop Konrad III. von Bibra accounted for the new developments and issued Volkach on February 22, 1544 with a new letter of arms . In it it says (heraldically incorrect): “Namely, a sign after the length in the middle again divided over the dwarf, the upper part red and the lower part shows that the white part has three teeth or spikes across it into the red part like the right of our heart zue francken , on the other side a stream of water called the Volckach but from the right corner of the same side over dwarf down to the bottom of the left side in a yellow velde (...) ”.
In the meantime, the group of persons and institutions bearing the coat of arms had grown significantly, so that so-called upper coats of arms distinguished the coats of arms of higher-ranking personalities from those of the citizens. The city of Volkach received such an upper coat of arms in the letter of arms of 1544 . It was a so-called stech helmet , on which a red citizen's hat with a white cuff was put on. Two wings, with which the figures of the actual coat of arms were taken up, served as a helmet ornament. The helmet covers were presented in red and white or yellow and blue. The city has not had the upper coat of arms since 1952.
In the period that followed, the coat of arms was given multiple modifications. In 1573 it was placed on the baptismal font of the parish church of St. Bartholomew without the coat of arms. On a seal from 1633 the division of the shield is missing. Instead, the wavy bar (heraldically correct) covers the entire coat of arms from right to left. On the right side, the letter "V" was placed as a symbol for the city .
The city's coat of arms underwent a new change in the course of secularization in the early 19th century. The Principality of Würzburg was dissolved and Volkach became part of the Kingdom of Bavaria . In 1819 the city government approved the use of a coat of arms and a seal. However, the colors had probably changed in the course of the change of rule: the three points remained white, the basic color changed to blue, so that the new coat of arms showed the national colors of Bavaria. Likewise, the wave bar now flowed through a silver field. The new color combination was heraldically not approved.
In 1878 the city received new seals from the main mint and stamp office . The colors of the rake were changed back to red and silver, the wavy bar was now designed in silver on a blue background. The unhistorical change was noticed by the then Volkach mayor Josef Wächter and he commissioned the Würzburg archivist Josef Friedrich Abert to research the coat of arms. Abert informed Wächter about the actual color scheme as early as 1932. It was not until 1952 that the mistake was corrected.
City flag
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The city of Volkach has had a city flag in the city colors of blue and yellow since the 20th century . The coat of arms was placed in the center of the flag. The flag flies in front of municipal facilities such as the town hall and the adult education center . Originally, the flag was much more important for the urban perception than the coat of arms. The so-called banner referred to the city charterer and was attached to towers.
The Volkach city flag appears in two places in Niklas Brobst's Volkacher Salbuch . On the one hand, it served as a distinguishing mark for the Volkach contingent , which consisted of the community's riflemen. On the other hand, the flag waved as a market banner on the city's gate towers to symbolize the protection of the market. In the 16th century the banner still had a crossing of red and white and alludes to the connection to the Castell family and its representative Hermann zu Castell, who was considered the founder of the city of Volkach.
Coats of arms of the districts
All districts with their own landmarks now have coats of arms or heraldic signets . With the exception of three places that applied for their coats of arms before the municipal reform in the 1970s, the districts only received so-called signets later, which were probably created as objects of identification to compensate for the lost independence. The coats of arms no longer serve any official purpose and are mainly used in advertising for local events.
Before the territorial reform
The three districts of Astheim, Dimbach and Fahr all had a coat of arms before the municipal reform. All three had identification marks long before the 20th century, most of which were handed down on seals. Astheim rose to a place with market rights as early as the 15th century and was therefore probably the first to receive a seal. All three former parishes allude to their historical affiliation to the Würzburg monastery with their red and white colors (heraldically correct: silver) .
| coat of arms | district | Incorporated | description | Introduced |
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Astheim | January 1, 1972 | Blazon: “Shield split; in front two blue posts in silver, behind in red on a silver mountain a crumpled silver branch. ” The coat of arms was made by Friedrich Merzbacher and is based on the village seal of Astheim, which has been handed down as“ Dorffsgemeinschaft Insigell ”as early as 1509. The coat of arms indicates the rule of the Lords of Seinsheim over the village, whose family coat of arms also shows the division into silver and blue. The branch is due to the name of the village. The tinging in red and silver refers to the Hochstift Würzburg, whose coat of arms also shows this color. |
January 3, 1952 |
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Dimbach | 1st October 1977 | Blazon: “Split; divided in front by gold and blue, above a blue wave pole, below a silver bar, which is accompanied by three 2 to 1, six-pointed, silver stars; at the back three silver tips in red. ” The coat of arms goes back to a seal from 1810, which the community gave itself after secularization. As a Franconian rake, the three red tips indicate the Duchy of Franconia, in which Dimbach was for a long time. The silver bar with the three stars is borrowed from the coat of arms of Judas Thaddäus Sigerst , who, as the last abbot of the Münsterschwarzach monastery before secularization, symbolized the connection to the abbey. The wave post refers to the waters in the Dimbach area |
5th February 1969 |
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Drive | May 1, 1978 | Blazon: “Two crossed silver oars in red.” The two crossed oars refer to the ferry in the village, which was originally used with such oars. When the "common driving" was granted the ferry right, she was allowed to use the local seal. The colors refer to the Würzburg monastery. |
not clear |
After the territorial reform
Another seven coats of arms emerged after the municipal reform, some of them having predecessors in the seals of the respective municipality. The coats of arms of Eichfeld, Gaibach and Rimbach refer to the lordly affiliations in the Middle Ages and early modern times and allude with their tingings to the Counts of Castell and von Schönborn. For the coats of arms of Eichfeld, Köhler, Krautheim and Rimbach, talking coats of arms were created that refer to the place name.
| coat of arms | district | Incorporated | description |
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Eichfeld | July 1, 1972 | Blazon: “Three green oaks growing in silver; underneath a red paw cross. ” The coat of arms is based on the history of Eichfeld. The three green oaks can be traced back to the name of the village. The red cross on a silver background refers to the coat of arms of the former village lords, the Counts of Castell, which also has the colors silver and red. |
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Escherndorf | January 1, 1972 | Blazon: “Divided; St. John the Baptist growing up in blue with a golden halo, in his right hand a brown cross with a golden ribbon, in the left a golden, right-facing lamb on a book; below two medallions in silver, on the right three silver tips in red, on the left a golden cross in brown. ” The coat of arms refers to the history of the village. St. John is the church patron of the village, his attributes characterize the saint. As the patron saint of the winemakers, he was responsible for the root formation of the vines. The medallion with the coat of arms of the duchy of Würzburg, the Franconian rake, refers to the historical affiliation of the place. |
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Gaibach | October 1, 1978 | Blazon: “A golden bar in red, covered on the whole with an oblique, blue wave bar.” The coat of arms of Gaibach is based on that of the Counts of Schönborn , who ruled the village for a long time. The coat of arms colors red and gold refer to the family coat of arms of the counts, which shows a striding, golden lion in red. The oblique wave bar symbolizes belonging to the city of Volkach, this bar is also in their coat of arms. |
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Charcoal burner | July 1, 1972 | Blazon: “Divided by blue and black; at the top a golden semicircle, inside a red bar framed by five, two to three set, red balls; below an inverted silver stepped gable. ” The coat of arms refers, historically incorrect, to the name of the village. The red balls and the bar are an indication of the activities of the charcoal burner , who converts wood into charcoal and thereby promotes deforestation. The stepped gable should indicate the erosion channel in which the village is located. |
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Krautheim | January 1, 1977 | Blazon: "In blue a red flower with a yellow clump and three, two-to-one, green leaves." The origin of the coat of arms is unclear. Probably, the bloom on the Luther Rose out, which however has a different color scheme (true, only the blue). Perhaps it is also a reference to the name of the place. |
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Obervolkach | January 1, 1978 | Blazon: “Divided; a blue wave bar above in yellow; three silver tips below in red. ” The structure and tinging of the coat of arms of Obervolkach is closely related to that of the sister settlement Volkach. The wavy bar indicates the Volkachbach, which flows through the village. The three red tips are borrowed from the Franconian rake as the coat of arms of Franconia. |
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Rimbach | July 1, 1977 | Blazon: “In yellow, split by a thick black wavy bar, two red cattle horns, facing each other.” The coat of arms of the former community is based on that of the Counts of Schönborn, who ruled Rimbach for a long time. The colors red and yellow are references to the family coat of arms of the counts, which shows a striding, golden lion in red. The cattle horns give evidence of the name Rimbach, which was often associated with a cattle farm located there. |
Other coats of arms (selection)
In addition to the municipal coats of arms, many other coats of arms have been preserved in Volkach and its districts. Most of them come from the early modern period and can be assigned to individual persons or institutions (e.g. monasteries ). The individual signs of the Würzburg prince-bishops and other local lords are particularly old . Later, the lower nobility also received their own identification mark. The citizenship was initially limited to initials - coats of arms, in the 18th century the number of real civic coats of arms increased, especially in the city of Volkach.
In Volkach
A particularly large number of coats of arms have been preserved in the core city of the Würzburg prince-bishops, who ruled the city from 1520. On the tower of the parish church of St. Bartholomew, however, Lorenz von Bibra attached his personal coat of arms as early as the 15th century . The coat of arms of Prince-Bishop Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn , who had the city wall renewed and also built some representative buildings in Volkach, has been preserved on the Upper Gate . → see also: St. Bartholomäus and St. Georg (Volkach) and Oberes Tor (Volkach)
Civil signs have appeared in the city since the 16th century. In 1574, two citizens immortalized themselves with their coats of arms on Hauptstrasse 22, the former market pharmacy , next to the (incorrectly renovated) coat of arms of Bishop Julius Echter. In 1589, the citizens of Volkach, Valtin Rönert and Hans Knöringer, attached their personal coat of arms to the outside of the Herrenmühle, as the mill had been built by the city council for its residents. → see also: Herrenmühle (Volkach)
With the rise of individual wine merchant families in the 18th century, the bourgeois coats of arms also became more differentiated. The alliance coat of arms on the portal of the Schelfhaus is particularly impressive, cementing the pride of the Schelf-Balbus families. A similarly splendid coat of arms was attached to the house at Hauptstrasse 11, which was the ancestral seat of the Degen family. The individual members of the families also carried their coats of arms around the world, so the personal coat of arms of Abbot Christophorus Balbus took up the family coat of arms . → see also: Schelfenhaus (Volkach)
In the districts
Several coats of arms have been preserved in Astheim that refer to the former Marienbrück Charterhouse. They were attached to the former entrance portal of the Charterhouse in the center of the village. Among other things, a coat of arms of the Lords of Seinsheim / Schwarzenberg can be seen here, who were in charge of founding the Carthusian monastery. Another, talking coat of arms can be found on the former priory . A wayside shrine has also been preserved on Kreisstraße KT 31, on which, in addition to the municipal coat of arms, two civil coats of arms were immortalized. → see also: Astheim Charterhouse and Crucifixion Shrine (Astheim, 1597)
The personal coat of arms of the Münsterschwarzacher prelate Augustin Voit has been preserved in the former monastery village of Dimbach . The altars of the village church come from the monastery and were decorated with the coat of arms in the extract. On the other hand, the coat of arms of the village master Georg II. Zu Castell and his wife Sophia Schenkin zu Limpurg-Speckfeld were attached to the Eichfeld cemetery portal . Sophia had died and Georg had the portal set up in her honor. In Obervolkach, early civic coats of arms were attached to the cemetery portal. → see also: Friedhofportal (Eichfeld) and Michaelskapelle (Obervolkach)
Several coats of arms of the Ebrach abbots can be found at the so-called Elgersheimer Hof in the Volkach district of the same name. For a long time the court was the administrative seat of the Cistercian monastery and was renewed again and again by the abbots. Escherndorf, on the other hand, belonged to the Würzburg monastery for centuries. It was here that Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn promoted the Counter-Reformation and set up a parish, which a short time later received a new church. The coat of arms of the prince-bishop was therefore also attached to the baptismal font and above the portal. Echter immortalized himself on a wayside shrine in Koehler . → see also: Elgersheimer Hof , St. Johannes Baptist (Escherndorf) and crucifixion shrine (Köhler)
The Counts of Schönborn developed a great influence in Gaibach and made the place one of their most important possessions in the 18th century. That is why the walking lion has been preserved here several times as a symbol of the former local rulers. An increased coat of arms was attached to the so-called Kreuzkapelle on Sonnenberg. In Rimbach, which was also under the influence of the Lords of Schönborn for a long time, however, no coats of arms have survived. Instead, epitaphs are preserved in the Georgskirche, which refer to the Zollner von der Hallburg . → see also: Heilig-Kreuz-Kapelle (Gaibach) and St. Georg (Rimbach)
Epitaphs were mostly provided with a so-called ancestral sample , which was symbolized by the coat of arms of the ancestors. In Krautheim, some particularly impressive epitaphs have been preserved in a hall in front of the church. They refer to different, mostly low-nobility Franconian genders. Several of these families had their seat in what is now the city area, so in addition to the customs officers, the Lords of Stettenberg were also assigned their own coat of arms. → see also: Evangelical Church (Krautheim)
Citizen coat of arms on the wayside shrine in Astheim
Coat of arms on the cemetery portal in Eichfeld
Julius Echter coat of arms on the Escherndorf church portal
Coat of arms on the Kreuzkapelle in Gaibach
Family coat of arms of the Zollner von der Hallburg
Epitaph coat of arms in front of the Krautheim church
Heraldic cartouches at the Obervolkach cemetery
literature
- Hans Bauer: Old and new coats of arms in the Kitzingen district . In: Yearbook of the district of Kitzingen 1980. In the spell of the Schwanberg . Kitzingen 1980. pp. 53-70.
- Ute Feuerbach: On the coat of arms and seal of the city of Volkach . In: Under the spell of the Schwanberg. Yearbook for the district of Kitzingen 2011 . Dettelbach 2011. pp. 11-34.
Web links
- Entry on the coat of arms of the coat of arms of the city of Volkach in the database of the House of Bavarian History
Individual evidence
- ^ House of Bavarian History (Stephanie Heyl): Volkach coat of arms , accessed on July 10, 2019.
- ↑ Feuerbach, Ute: On the coat of arms and seal of the city of Volkach . P. 29.
- ↑ Feuerbach, Ute: On the coat of arms and seal of the city of Volkach . P. 17.
- ^ Bauer, Hans: Old and new coats of arms in the district of Kitzingen . P. 68.
- ^ House of Bavarian History (Stephanie Heyl): Volkach coat of arms , accessed on July 10, 2019.
- ↑ Feuerbach, Ute: On the coat of arms and seal of the city of Volkach . P. 11.
- ↑ Feuerbach, Ute: On the coat of arms and seal of the city of Volkach . P. 21.
- ↑ Feuerbach, Ute: On the coat of arms and seal of the city of Volkach . P. 12.
- ^ Municipal coat of arms : City of Volkach , accessed on July 10, 2019.
- ↑ Feuerbach, Ute: On the coat of arms and seal of the city of Volkach . P. 15 f.
- ^ Bauer, Hans: Old and new coats of arms in the district of Kitzingen . P. 68 f.
- ↑ Heraldic panels in the Volkach town hall
- ↑ Feuerbach, Ute: On the coat of arms and seal of the city of Volkach . P. 22.
- ↑ Feuerbach, Ute: On the coat of arms and seal of the city of Volkach . P. 21 (picture).