Holy Cross Chapel (Gaibach)

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The Kreuzkapelle on the edge of the castle park

The Holy Cross Chapel is located on the outskirts of Gaibach on State Road 2271 on the Sonnenberg.

history

The chapel goes back to a previous building in the same place. A saint's house with a crucifix was popular with the residents and was called the “Fiber-Cäpelein”. The plans to rebuild the chapel came from Lothar Franz von Schönborn , the ruler of Gaibach at the time. He had forced the construction on the basis of a promise in mortal danger.

After 12,000 guilders had been paid, construction could begin in 1697. A year later, a model of the dome was brought from Bamberg , which was completed in the same year. The chapel was inaugurated in 1700 by the Würzburg auxiliary bishop Johann Bernhard Meyer . The Bamberg court architect Johann Leonhard Dientzenhofer comes into consideration as the master builder .

In the immediate aftermath, the furnishings of the church were also completed. The pulpit was completed in 1703, and the altars followed in 1705. The donor helped to upgrade the equipment through further donations. He also attempted to establish the newly built chapel as a pilgrimage destination by founding a Brotherhood of the Cross . Today the chapel is closed. The Bavarian State Office for the Preservation of Monuments lists the Holy Cross Chapel under the number D-6-75-174-254. Underground remains are classified as ground monuments.

The vineyards planted some distance away were named after the chapel in the 1970s and marketed under the name Gaibacher Kapellenberg . The new building area in Gaibach was also given the name "Am Kapellenberg".

architecture

The church was built as a rotunda . The substructure is cylindrical and is closed by a semicircular dome. On the north side of the roof there is a roof turret that serves as a bell tower. Another roof turret with a lantern was placed on top of the dome. Three arched windows and a portal structure the building. The portal is on the east side and is framed by two pilasters . A round gable closes the portal at the top. A coat of arms of the Schönborn family crowns it.

Inside, the building is square. The three altars have four sides to keep them, the fourth the portal. The organ gallery is also located above the entrance . A rich structure is reminiscent of Balthasar Neumann .

Furnishing

The furnishings of the chapel came to the church immediately after it was built. It also presents the wealth of the founder, who has been immortalized several times with his coat of arms in the small chapel.

High altar

The high altar of the church is to the west of the chapel. His retable was created in 1705 and its structure is reminiscent of the side altars of the Würzburg Cathedral that were built at the same time . The altar has a four-column structure, with the outer columns being moved further forward than the inner ones. All columns are round and stand on rectangular substructures on which putti heads are stuccoed. A projecting cornice leads to the blown architrave . An extract from the altar is missing, only the framing angel figures close off the altar at the top.

Instead of an altarpiece, there is an old crucifix from the original chapel inside. It was probably built around 1500 and can be assigned to the late Gothic . Jesus is represented as a three-nail type. Behind him you can see the window, the pane of which serves as the rear end of the altar. Mary Magdalene stands at the foot of the cross. A simple tabernacle is crowned by a putti's head.

organ

The organ and its case, like the entire furnishings of the chapel, can be traced back to the foundation of Lothar Franz von Schönborn. It was introduced into the church as the first element of the furnishings in 1700.

History and description

The organ was built in 1699 and 1702 and was made by Adam Philipp Schleich. This is evidenced by an inscription on the bellows. It reads: “I, Friedrich Bonhannß of the time Schreiner's Gesehl and Vlrich Bonhannß of the time apprenticeship young by H. Attam Fihlib Schleich Organ maker in Bamberg we pray Brueter, born in Frensdorff , help to manufacture this organ in the year 1699. In which this year all goods in Bamberg founds words in the statute and many a Christian is about to live. "

In 1702 the instrument was expanded by Schleich. Another inscription on a piece of paper in the organ says: "In 1702 the Subbas was made by Adamus Bfilibus schleich organ maker in Bamberch ...". The organ was extensively restored in 1989/1990 by Orgelbau Vleugels from Hardheim.

The case of the organ was decorated with rich acanthus work . The work is divided into three parts, the lateral parts have angular cornices with rich decorations, while the middle element ends with a round cornice. The coat of arms of the founder Lothar Franz von Schönborn serves as the crowning point. Fruit ornament separates the three parts of the organ. Two angels making music with acanthus tendrils protrude from the sides.

The disposition is as follows:

I Manual CDEFGA – c 3
1. Dumped 8th'
2. Principal 4 ′
3. flute 4 ′
4th Octav 2 ′
5. Quint 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
6th Mixture III 1'
Pedal CDEFGA-a
7th Sub bass 16 ′
  • Coupling : Pedal coupling that plays in

Further equipment

The pulpit was also built soon after the chapel was inaugurated. The figure of the Good Shepherd and rich acanthus can be found on the cover . The side altars are simple structures and show a Pietà (left) and a painful Mother of God (right). The ceiling paintings of the church were created by Lazaro Maria Sanguinetti .

See also

literature

  • Hans Bauer: District of Kitzingen. An art and culture guide . Market wide 1993.
  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments. Bavaria I: Franconia . Munich and Berlin 1999.
  • Erich Schneider: The churches in Gaibach . In: Quick Art Guide. No. 1464 . Regensburg 1984.
  • Karl Treutwein : From Abtswind to Zeilitzheim. History, sights, traditions . Volkach 1987.

Web links

Commons : Heilig-Kreuz-Kapelle (Gaibach)  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Schneider, Erich: The churches in Gaibach . P. 12.
  2. ↑ Geodata: Monument number D-6-75-174-254 ( Memento of the original dated December 12, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed April 29, 2013. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / geodaten.bayern.de
  3. ^ Dehio, Georg: Handbook of German art monuments . P. 370.
  4. ^ Schneider, Erich: The churches in Gaibach . P. 15.
  5. ^ Orgelmanufactur Vleugels: Heilig-Kreuz-Kapelle Gaibach , accessed on December 10, 2013.
  6. ^ Treutwein, Karl: From Abtswind to Zeilitzheim . P. 84.

Coordinates: 49 ° 53 '48.33 "  N , 10 ° 13' 45.15"  E