St. John Baptist (Fahr)
The St. Johannes Baptist Church in Fahr am Main is the parish church of the Catholic community. It towers over the Lower Franconian village and is centrally located on the flower road.
history
Although the church in Fahr was mentioned much later, the place of prayer was known to the congregation as early as the 10th and 11th centuries. The parish , to which Fahr also belonged, was on the Kirchberg, on which the pilgrimage church Maria im Weingarten now stands. The split from this original parish took place in the 13th or 14th century, because an independent parish church in Fahr was first mentioned in 1331. On July 8, 1403, the parish priest appeared in the sources for the first time. It was about "Heinrich Pfarrer zu Vare".
The church was surrounded by Gaden and designed as a Gothic fortified church. Due to a renovation in 1480, however, it lost this function. The beginning of the 16th century and the beginning of the Reformation did not go unnoticed by Fahr either. In 1576, some residents stopped visiting the church. Towards the end of the century, the parish in Fahr remained completely vacant for several years.
In 1611 the tower was raised to its current height and the typical helmet was installed. Prince-Bishop Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn was responsible for this expansion, and had the sacred buildings in the entire Prince-Diocese of Würzburg renewed. A few years later, during the Thirty Years War , the church was looted by migrating Swedes. In 1674 the parish was ceded by the cathedral chapter to the Würzburg prince-bishop.
At the beginning of the 18th century, on June 1, 1718, it was decided to rebuild the church in Baroque style . Jakob Bauer could be won as a master builder. On August 11, 1726, the church was consecrated by the Würzburg auxiliary bishop Johann Bernhard Meyer . Over twenty years later, in 1753, it was first renovated. A bell broke and the helmet pole had to be replaced. In 1870 the church tower was restored.
Several renovations of the church followed in the 19th century. The nave and choir were repaired in 1903, 1969 and 1993. In 1995 the church received a new sacristy . Today the church is part of the St. Urban parish community on the Mainschleife. The Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation runs the building under monument number D-6-75-174-242. It is also noted as a central part of the bloom street ensemble. The underground remains of previous buildings are classified as ground monuments.
architecture
Most of the church building was built in the 18th century and is therefore baroque. Only the choir tower from the 17th century belongs to the late Gothic . The church is east and a hall building with a flat ceiling.
tower
The steeple , which houses the choir of the church, consists of three floors. The two lower ones come from the previous building of the 15th century. The bottom floor has two rectangular windows with baroque walls on the north and south sides . They donate light for the ribbed vaulted choir. Slotted windows were simply installed above this on the second floor. Reinforcing extensions to the left and right of the tower ensure its stability. A modern metal staircase was installed on the east side to reach the belfry.
The upper floor of the tower dates from 1611. It stands out from the two basement floors with a cornice , which also makes the transition visible from the outside. Four windows, one on each side, structure the upper floor. The windows are pointed arches, decorated with tracery and reinforced with sound hatches. There are four clocks on the left side of the window. Above it rises the eight-sided helmet, which ends in the tower ball and a cross.
Longhouse
The baroque nave from 1726 is divided into three window axes, which are formed by rectangular windows. The sacristy and a side portal are on the north side. The church has a gable roof. In the west it is decorated with a patriarchal cross on the pediment. The front of the church is the western facade, on which the main portal of the parish church is located.
Corner pilasters frame the west side. A central portal also accommodates these pilasters. There they run out in small volutes. A round gable closes the portal at the top, to the left and right of this gable there are semicircular figure niches with the classicist figures of Mary on the left and St. Joseph on the right. There is a small rectangular window above the portal. Above that, in another smaller niche, there is the figure of the baby Jesus. It is surrounded by three ox eyes .
Interior
The furnishings of the church can be traced back to the baroque redesign. Only the sacrament house has been preserved from the old church.
High altar
The high altar of the church is located in the choir and almost completely fills the east wall. It was created around 1720 and was created by an unknown artist. Only the painter of the altar sheet is known: He is the court painter of the Würzburg prince-bishops Anton Clemens Lünenschloß . The altar structure has four columns, the columns are round and slightly offset. The outer ones are decorated with leaf ornament.
Two figures frame the pillars. It is the apostle Peter on the left and Paul on the right. The central, gold-framed altar panel shows " The Baptism of Christ ". In the background you can see the dove as a symbol of the Holy Spirit. A blown gable surrounds the altar extension. There is a putti and an angel on each . Two small decorative vases are attached below. The excerpt is formed by a picture of God the Father with the globe, which ends with a shell ornament.
The golden tabernacle stands in front of the altarpiece. Two sweeping volutes are occupied by angels. Two silver portrait medallions look towards the Holy of Holies with the crucified Christ on the doors. Four vases form the top, they are surmounted by a figure of the risen Christ with a flag.
Side altars
Like the high altar, the two side altars were also built in the 1820s. They are located to the left and right of the choir arch and are similar in structure. Both are built around two twisted columns, both altar leaves are in the center and are each surrounded by three figures of saints, two to the left and right of the columns, the third is in front of the picture on the altar table. A blasted gable leads on both to the extension, which is formed by reliefs .
On the left is the so-called Marienaltar. In the central altar sheet which is crescent Madonna shown. She is surrounded by the figures of St. Barbara (left), St. John the Evangelist (right) and Mary as Queen of Heaven (front). A picture medallion above the picture bears the inscription “Sct. Mary. ”Two angels frame the excerpt, which consists of reliefs of the Christ child in the midst of the fourteen helpers in need.
The right side altar is dedicated to the Holy Family . This rededication only happened in the 19th century, when the original picture of Sebastian was removed and replaced by that of the Holy Family. On the left of the picture there is the figure of Joseph with the child, on the right one recognizes St. Margaret, in front Jesus is depicted. The medallion reads: “St. Family". In the angel-flanked excerpt, the coronation of Mary is depicted in a cloud halo .
pulpit
The pulpit is in the southern nave. It was created during the baroque redesign and can be assigned to the baroque. Its body consists of semicircular niches with the four evangelists as relief figures. They are interrupted by the busts of angels growing out of volutes. Below is a foliage , in the center you can see a putti head with wings. The body ends in a cluster at the bottom.
The staircase is decorated with the reliefs of the church fathers. The sound cover seems to be supported by two angels standing on the body of the pulpit. A relief with the baptism of Jesus on the wall forms the back wall. A dove was placed below the sound cover as a symbol for enlightenment by the Holy Spirit, a wide cornice leads over to a figure of the Good Shepherd , who closes the pulpit at the top.
Organ and gallery
The organ also comes from the baroque redesign of the church. The only known renewal took place during the Great Depression in 1923. The municipality of Fahr paid a sum of 850,000 trillion Reichsmarks for the renovation. The organ's prospectus is divided into three parts. A protruding cornice closes the instrument off at the top, the side extensions have triangular ends, while the middle part ends round. Acanthus frames the organ.
The organ was placed in the west of the church on a gallery that completely fills the west wall. A simple railing protects visitors to the gallery. It is supported by four pillars. The access consists of a staircase that was added to the outside of the building.
Further equipment
Several figures adorn the walls of the building. Saint Wendelin comes from the Rococo , while the Vespers and Saint Sebastian can be assigned to Gothic . Anna and the Marienkind complete the figures. There is a monumental crucifixion group on the nave wall. The oldest preserved equipment in the church is the medieval sacrament house . The paintings on the ceiling were made in 1720.
There are fourteen stations of the cross in the nave . They date from the beginning of the 20th century and can be assigned to the artist Heinrich Sperlich. Two window pictures should be emphasized: They depict the Heart of Jesus and the Heart of Mary and were created in 1898.
Pastor (selection)
| Surname | Term of office | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Heinrich | gen. 1403 | First pastor, mentioned on July 8, 1403 |
| Johann sister-in-law | 1631-1634 | Protestant field preacher, works temporarily in Fahr |
| Georg Rüger | -1702 | † August 16, 1702 in Fahr |
| Valentin Trescher | Called 1786, 1787 | |
| Valentin Dereser | Named 1787 | |
| Adam Richard Kolb | 1812-1827 | Retirement in Würzburg |
| Philipp Fritz | 1827-1849 | † 1849 in Fahr |
| Gottfried Schneider | 1849-1868 | * in Retzbach; † February 17, 1868 in Fahr |
| Johann Georg Lang | 1868-1880 | Deployed June 20, 1868 |
| Philipp Weigand | 1880-1898 | |
| Adam Wollbach | 1898-1920 | |
| Georg Kraus | 1920-1931 | * in Waigolshausen; also chaplain in Heidenfeld |
| Vincent House | 1931-1951 | * February 9, 1873 in Aschaffenburg; † December 27, 1951 in Fahr |
| Georg Wehner | 1954-1993 | * March 24, 1912; at the same time pastor in Astheim; March 13, 1976 honorary citizen of Fahr; † January 21, 1993 in Fahr |
literature
- Hans Bauer: District of Kitzingen. An art and culture guide . Market wide 1993.
- Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments. Bavaria I: Franconia . Munich and Berlin 1999.
- Christiane Dietrich, Horst Nowak: Catholic parish church of St. John the Baptist in Fahr am Main . (Church guide leaflet) 2012.
- Gerhard Egert: Fahr am Main 800-1500 . In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Our Main Loop. 1978-1992 . Volkach 2008.
- Herbert Meyer: The tower button certificates to drive . In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Our Main Loop 1993-2007 . Volkach 2008.
- Karl Treutwein : From Abtswind to Zeilitzheim. History, sights, traditions . Volkach 1987.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Egert, Gerhard: Drive on the Main . P. 253.
- ^ Dietrich, Christiane: Catholic parish church of St. John the Baptist in Fahr am Main . P. 1.
- ↑ Geodata: Monument number D-6-75-174-242 ( Memento of the original from January 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed July 10, 2013.
- ^ Bauer, Hans: District of Kitzingen . P. 21.
- ^ Treutwein, Karl: From Abtswind to Zeilitzheim . P. 70.
- ^ Dehio, Georg: Handbook of German art monuments . P. 342.
- ^ Dietrich, Christiane (and others): Catholic parish church of St. John the Baptist in Fahr am Main . P. 1.
- ^ Treutwein, Karl: From Abtswind to Zeilitzheim . P. 71.
- ^ Bauer, Hans: District of Kitzingen . P. 22.
- ^ Dietrich, Christiane (and others): Catholic parish church of St. John the Baptist in Fahr am Main . P. 2.
- ↑ See: Meyer, Herbert: Die Turmknopfurkunden zu Fahr .
Churches: Dreifaltigkeitskirche (Gaibach) | Evangelical Church (Krautheim) | Mariä Schutz (Vogelsburg) | Maria in the vineyard | St. Andreas (Koehler) | St. Bartholomäus and St. Georg (Volkach) | St. Georg (Rimbach) | St. Johannes Baptist (Escherndorf) | St. John Baptist (Fahr) | St. Johannes Evangelist (Astheim) | St. Maria de Rosario (Dimbach) | St. Michael (Volkach) | St. Nikolaus (Obervolkach) | St. Stephanus (Eichfeld)
Chapels: Field Chapel (Volkach) | Cemetery chapel (Fahr) | Holy Cross Chapel (Gaibach) | Jesus on the Wies (Rimbach) | Kreuzkapelle (Fahr) | Lourdes Chapel (Escherndorf) | Michaelskapelle (Obervolkach) | Round Chapel (Astheim)
Profane churches: Klosterkirche (Astheim)
Coordinates: 49 ° 52 ′ 37.6 " N , 10 ° 9 ′ 53.3" E