Anton Clemens Lünenschloß
Anton Clemens Lünenschloß (also Clemens Anton Lünenschloß ; born August 13, 1678 in Düsseldorf , † October 5, 1763 in Würzburg ) was a German painter and plasterer . Lünenschloß was court painter to the Würzburg prince-bishops and as such worked on the Würzburg residence .
Life
Youth and Italy trip (until 1717)
Anton Clemens Lünenschloß was born on August 13, 1678 in Düsseldorf in the Duchy of Jülich-Berg . His father was the bailiff Abraham Lünenschloß, his mother's name was Anna Elisabeth. Lünenschloß had several siblings, but not all of them reached adulthood. Anton Clemens' youth is not mentioned in the sources, it was only on his trip to Antwerp that he reappeared under the name "Anthoni Luneslot" as a pupil of the painter Gaspar von Opstal.
The boy was noticed by the Elector Johann Wilhelm von der Pfalz , who encouraged Anton Clemens' talent. He probably also sent him to the Austrian Netherlands to learn the basics of painting. Before 1700 Anton Clemens received painting lessons from the Palatinate cabinet painter Jan Frans van Douven . On January 2, 1700, he received money from the elector with whom he was supposed to travel to Italy.
The young Palatine first visited Florence , where he made studies of the Florentine Apollo and the Venus de Medici. He then traveled to Venice . Here are some nudes, and he also made a copy of Tintoretto's Fall. In 1703 Lünenschloß is proven in Rome . He attended the drawing school on the Capitol and won a drawing award on March 8, 1706.
While Lünenschloß was in Rome, he was probably a pupil of Carlo Maratti . The master was already blind, but still passed his skills on to the German. Elector Johann Wilhelm supported Anton Clemens Lünenschloß only irregularly with monetary payments and died in 1713. So Lünenschloß moved on to Naples . Here he took on his first own orders. In 1717 he left Italy as a painter and returned to Germany.
In Würzburg (until 1763)
In 1718 Lünenschloß visited Heidelberg to ask the brother and successor of Johann Wilhelm, Karl Philipp von der Pfalz , for a job. When this plan failed, he traveled on to Würzburg. He was probably called here by Prince-Bishop Johann Philipp von Greiffenclau . His successor Johann Philipp von Schönborn planned a new building for his residence and therefore increasingly settled foreign artists in his capital. Lünenschloß settled down in Würzburg in 1719 and was instrumental in decorating the residence. His works created for the Residenz, as well as many of his altarpieces in Würzburg churches, were destroyed in 1945.
The great competition among the many artists meant that Lünenschloß received only a few orders. He had not studied modern fresco technology and was therefore at a disadvantage compared to younger painters. In Würzburg, however, was the main place of work of the Palatinate. However, Johann Philipp von Schönborn also brought Lünenschloß to the nearby Hochstift Fulda , where further work was done.
When Johann Philipp von Schönborn died in 1724, the cathedral chapter elected the noble Christoph Franz von Hutten as the new Würzburg prelate . Von Hutten temporarily stopped the residential building project, but was not averse to painting. He promoted Lünenschloß and helped him to get new orders. He was grateful because on January 8, 1722, he married Maria Margaretha Lier from the Palatinate, with whom he was to have nine children.
A figure of the hunting goddess Diana, created by Jakob van der Auwera around 1722 based on a design by the court painter Lünenschloß, is located above the portal of the prince-bishop's hunting arsenal in Zeller Straße.
The culmination of Anton Clemens Lünenschloß's career took place on July 25, 1725, when the Prince-Bishop appointed him his personal valet . Two years later, in 1727, Lünenschloß became a Guldenzöllner and thus received another prince-bishop's honorary office. On June 1, 1728, he finally became a citizen of his long-term home in Würzburg. He was now allowed to decorate the Main Bridge on festive occasions (on behalf of the Prince-Bishop, he had drafted designs for statues on the bridge, but these were only implemented from 1728). Lünenschloß recorded the rhinoceros “Jungfer Clara”, which was also on display in Würzburg on October 3, 1948, in his sketchbook.
In 1729 Lünenschloß bought two houses in Dominikanergasse. The painter had become very wealthy, but still had to fear competition. Johann Rudolf Byss in particular wanted to harm the artist. When Friedrich Karl von Schönborn succeeded Hutten, Lünenschloß had already passed its artistic climax. Although he was engaged as an artist on the resumed residence building, he was only allowed to contribute a few paintings.
In 1746 Friedrich Carl von Schönborn also died and the now very old Anton Clemens Lünenschloß was finally released into retirement. Anselm Franz von Ingelheim , the successor, dismissed him from his honorary service as valet and guilder customs officer. Under his successor Karl Philipp von Greiffenclau , the monthly amounts for the offices were paid out again. Anton Clemens Lünenschloß died on October 5, 1763 in Würzburg.
Works (selection)
| year | place | plant |
|---|---|---|
| 1720 | Wurzburg | St. Gertraud, side altar sheet "Assumption of Mary" |
| 1720 | Wurzburg | St. Peter and Paul , side altar leaves “Immaculata” “St. Laurentius " |
| 1721/1722 | Wurzburg | Kollegiatstift Neumünster , side altar sheets “St. Joseph "" Guardian Angel " |
| 1722 | Ebrach | Ebrach Monastery , "Adoration of the Lamb" Imperial Hall |
| 1723 | Steinbach | St. Josef, “St. Johannes Nepomuk "" St. Christophorus " |
| 1723 | Steinbach | Castle , ancestral pictures of von Hutten |
| 1724 | Your field | St. Michael , oil painting "Christ on the Cross" |
| 1726 | Drive | St. Johannes Baptist , altarpiece "Baptism of Christ" |
| 1726 | Wurzburg | Cathedral , altar sheet “St. Johannes Nepomuk " |
| 1734 | Privately owned | "Adoration of the Magi" |
| 1738 | Wurzburg | Residence , ceiling painting "Sending the old feuds" |
| 1739 | Wurzburg | Residence, ceiling painting "Scene from the Peasants' War" |
| 1741 | Wurzburg | Residence, ceiling painting "Foundation of the cathedral" |
literature
- Eckhard Mainka: The artistic relationships between the court painter Clemens Anton Lünenschloß and the court sculptor Jacob van der Auwera during the reign of Prince-Bishop Christoph Franz von Hutten: 1724-1729 . Wuerzburg 1980.
- Dorette Richter: The Würzburg court painter Anton Clemens Lünenschloß (1678–1763). Diss . Wuerzburg 1938.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Richter, Dorette: The Würzburg court painter Anton Clemens Lünenschloß . P. 1.
- ↑ Stefan Kummer : Architecture and fine arts from the beginnings of the Renaissance to the end of the Baroque. In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. 4 volumes; Volume 2: From the Peasants' War in 1525 to the transition to the Kingdom of Bavaria in 1814. Theiss, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8062-1477-8 , pp. 576–678 and 942–952, here: pp. 665 f.
- ^ Richter, Dorette: The Würzburg court painter Anton Clemens Lünenschloß . P. 11.
- ↑ Former prince-bishop's hunting arsenal .
- ↑ Stefan Kummer: Architecture and fine arts from the beginnings of the Renaissance to the end of the Baroque. 2004, p. 659.
- ↑ Stefan Kummer: Architecture and fine arts from the beginnings of the Renaissance to the end of the Baroque. 2004, p. 663 f.
- ^ Dorette Richter: The Würzburg court painter Anton Clemens Lünenschloß. P. 15.
- ^ Bruno Rottenbach: Würzburg in the course of the year. Echter, Würzburg 1978, ISBN 3-429-00554-X , p. 52.
- ^ Richter, Dorette: The Würzburg court painter Anton Clemens Lünenschloß . P. 20.
- ^ Richter, Dorette: The Würzburg court painter Anton Clemens Lünenschloß . P. 101.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Lünenschloß, Anton Clemens |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Lünenschloß, Clemens Anton |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German painter and plasterer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 13, 1678 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Dusseldorf |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 5, 1763 |
| Place of death | Wurzburg |