Sacred buildings in Volkach
The overview of sacred buildings in Volkach lists all sacred or cultic buildings in the Lower Franconian town of Volkach and its districts. The list includes both the preserved and the abandoned buildings. In addition to Christian churches, there was also a synagogue in what is now the municipality in the past .
Sacred building in the city of Volkach
Before the Reformation
Although today's Volkach community is a product of the regional reform in the 1970s, most of the districts were already connected by parish structures in the past. Originally this pastoral care center was probably located on the Vogelsburg , a chapel ("Fugalespurc cum capella") is mentioned here in a document from 906. Without knowing the sources, the chapel lost its position as a parish church over time.
In contrast, the so-called Kirchberg in the north of the city of Volkach became the new focal point . The new “original parish church” was built here for the surrounding communities. It was first mentioned in 1158. The Kirchberg Church places Astheim, Eichfeld, Gaibach who had deserted Gieshügel , Hallburg, Krautheim, Obervolkach and Rimbach assigned. Chapels already existed in individual villages, although they did not have their own pastor.
When Volkach rose to become a town at the beginning of the 13th century , more and more parish structures were moved from the remote mountain to the emerging community. In the 15th century there were two parish churches in Volkach, the Georgskirche in the city and the Kirchbergkirche, consecrated to St. Bartholomew . At the same time, the many branches began to develop a life of their own: the Eichfelder had already left the parish in 1339 and built their own church in the village.
In the 15th century the church on the Kirchberg was handed over to the so-called Beguines , who set up a hermitage here. By 1447 the church lost its parish functions, instead the parish church was able to unite the patronage of St. Bartholomew. The church on the mountain was subordinate to the Virgin Mary and increasingly attracted pilgrims with her miraculous image. In Astheim, the Carthusian monastery, founded in 1409, took over the local chapel and converted it into a parish church.
In Dimbach, the village lords and the monks of the Münsterschwarzach monastery supported the building of the church and the establishment of a provost's office . In 1443 the parish of the Obervolkacher was confirmed by the Volkach Church, around 1500 the parish in Krautheim had moved away from the city parish. At the same time, the teachings of Martin Luther began to gain a foothold in what is now the Volkach city area. However, the individual villages were affected very differently by the spread of the Reformation .
Til today
In Volkach, Vicar Jakob Pfeffer held the first Lutheran service in the chapel in front of the Upper Gate . However, the new doctrine never caught on in the city belonging to the Catholic monastery of Würzburg . It was different in the villages of Krautheim and Eichfeld, which were under the influence of the Lutheran Counts of Castell . They became Protestant in the 16th century and remained so. The influence of Lutheran preachers was also great in Escherndorf and Fahr.
However, the Würzburg prince-bishop Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn succeeded in reconciling the residents with the old faith. Echter pushed the Counter-Reformation forward by renewing the parish structures, even setting up a new parish in Escherndorf and having the church buildings modernized. This is how the typical Julius Echter towers with pointed helmets were built on the Main Loop .
During the Thirty Years' War the Protestant Swedes conquered the area around Volkach in 1631 and tried again to build Lutheran congregations. The attempt failed and the Mainschleife remained a Catholic area, with the exception of Eichfeld and Krautheim. In the 18th century, the Counts of Schönborn established their own rule in Gaibach. They engaged Balthasar Neumann, one of the most influential master builders of his time, to rebuild the Trinity Church.
The dissolution of the Würzburg bishopric through secularization and the end of the Grafschaft Castell through mediatization at the beginning of the 19th century fundamentally changed the church situation on the Mainschleife. Volkach became the seat of a Catholic deanery that lasted until the 1970s. With the Kingdom of Bavaria -driven Jewish emancipation was also the Jewish communities in Rimbach and Öttershausen own synagogues could envisage a built but such only in Öttershausen.
Today the Catholic parishes in the city of Volkach are part of the Kitzingen deanery . At the beginning of the 21st century they were organized in two parish communities , St. Urban an der Mainschleife and Obere Volkach - St. Urban. As part of the former monastery area of Münsterschwarzach, Dimbach is a branch in the community Stadtschwarzach , Schwarzenau , Reupelsdorf . The Jewish communities dissolved at the end of the 19th century and the synagogue in Öttershausen fell into disrepair.
The Evangelical Lutheran congregations in Krautheim and Eichfeld are now organized in the Castell dean's office , which was able to develop from the dissolved county. Due to the growth of the city of Volkach after the Second World War , there were repeated discussions in the post-war period about clearing the parish out of Eichfeld. In 1977 the first service was finally held in the former St. Michael's Chapel. In 1982 the church was finally leased to the community.
Churches
The list is based on several essays and works on the churches of Volkach, with a "Little Art Guide" being published on the most significant in terms of art history . The Evangelical Lutheran houses of worship were compiled in the anthology Castell - Grafschaft und Dekanat , while the Catholic ones were summarized in the real schematic of the Diocese of Würzburg. The works used can be found in the individual records of the respective houses. The allocation to the districts of the city is based on their location in the municipality.
The churches are arranged according to the year they were built or the year they were first mentioned, whereby older traditions are not always clear. Buildings that have been removed here are marked with a cross ( † ), Evangelical Lutheran churches ( Evangelical Lutheran ) have been given a year in brackets, which marks the first Lutheran service or the rededication. Catholic churches are by the abbreviation cath. to recognize.
Protection of the Virgin
| cath. | before 906 |
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The church of Mariä Schutz on the Vogelsburg in the corridors of the eponymous district in the outskirts of Escherndorf is by far the oldest church in the surrounding area. The mountain itself has been populated almost continuously since the Stone Age. Fortifications were first built in the Bronze Age . The francs continued to appreciate the facilities on the mountain and also promoted Christianization . A church was probably built here during the 6th century.
The parish on the mountain lost its pastoral centrality in the 8th century and the church was converted into a chapel . It was not until 1282 that Count Hermann I zu Castell founded a Carmelite monastery here and made the newly built church his burial place . After the monastery was dissolved in 1545, the church fell into disrepair. The church that still exists today was not built until the 18th century. Through the secularization the church came into private hands.
Today the church presents itself as a simple hall church . A small roof turret was placed above the east choir . You enter the church on the ground floor, where a staircase leads to the upper floor, built in 1908, with today's church service room. Nothing has been preserved from the original furnishings, the interior of the church was heavily redesigned in the course of a renovation in 2015 and is now very simple. 49 ° 52 '2.3 " N , 10 ° 11' 0.2" E
St. Maria de Rosario
| cath. | 11th century |
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The church Maria de Rosario forms the historical center of the Dimbach , already in the 11th century a previous building stood on the place of today's church. The church received its current appearance between the 13th and 14th centuries. The close connection to the Münsterschwarzach monastery subsequently led to the establishment of a provost's office in the village, which was temporarily occupied by three monks. Dimbach was the destination of a pilgrimage , which was only of local importance.
The exterior of the church is also remarkable because it is extraordinarily dimensioned for a village church. It presents itself as a three-aisled basilica with a wide west tower and cites the Gothic style . A five-eight choir closes the building to the east. Inside, rib vaults were installed in the choir, while the so-called tower hall in the west has a cross vault with figural consoles. The nave has a pointed arch vault.
The pilgrims' destination was the Madonna of Mercy inside the high altar. The figure was created in 1398 and was initially intended as a processional Madonna. The interior of the church still has several valuable pieces of equipment, the so-called crucifixion relief can be dated to around 1070. It is thus one of the oldest Franconian stone sculptures. The rest of the furnishings mostly come from the Baroque period , and the Schwarzach abbots also brought pieces from the monastery church there. 49 ° 49 '55.4 " N , 10 ° 15' 23.2" E
St. Michael (Krautheim)
| ev.-luth. (1583) | 1150 |
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The center of Krautheim is the Evangelical Lutheran parish church of St. Michael. For a long time it was a branch of the greater parish on the Volkacher Kirchberg and was rebuilt as such in the first half of the 15th century. Evangelical Lutheran services were held here at the latest in the 16th century. For several decades, however, Krautheim received pastoral care from nearby Eichfeld.
In the 1970s, the community then decided to completely rebuild the nave , and it was re-consecrated in 1973. The choir tower from the 16th century is an architectural trademark today . It was built in the so-called genuine Gothic style, which was typical of the Würzburg monastery, although the community was already Lutheran at that time. This is how the typical Echterturm with the pointed helmet can be explained.
Despite the renovations in the 20th century, several Kirchgaden have been preserved around the church , which testify to the fortifications that originally surrounded the church. They were built at the beginning of the 18th century. A total of six epitaphs were placed in the morgue . They are dedicated to several people buried in the church and some are richly decorated. Further, heavily weathered epitaphs can also be found in the cemetery, which is directly adjacent to the parish church. 49 ° 53 '7.4 " N , 10 ° 17' 15.9" E
Maria in the vineyard
| cath. | before 1158 |
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The pilgrimage church Maria im Weingarten above the town of Volkach was the original parish church for the places on the Mainschleife. She took over this function from the church on the Vogelsburg. In the 14th century, so-called beguines, a lay order, moved into the buildings above the town of Volkach. For a few centuries, a pilgrimage to a miraculous image was established inside the church. In the 20th century the church got into the press when some works of art were stolen from the church.
The church is east-facing and presents itself as a single-nave hall church from the late Gothic period. A high gable roof dominates the nave, while the choir is bounded by a much lower hipped roof . A baroque roof turret from 1750 is attached to the roof of the choir. The oldest part of the pilgrimage church is a Romanesque, square tower stump that was planned in the 13th or 14th century, but was never implemented. It is located in the south of the choir and is now used as a sacristy.
The furnishings of the Middle Ages have largely been preserved in the pilgrimage church. A well-known piece is the so-called Rosary Madonna by Tilman Riemenschneider , which was created between 1521 and 1524. In addition, the miraculous Pietà , which was originally the goal of pilgrims, has been preserved. Epitaphs and funerary monuments show that the church also served as a burial place for the regional nobility for a long time. 49 ° 52 '29 " N , 10 ° 12' 49.9" E
St. Bartholomew and St. George
| cath. | before 1313 |
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The parish church of St. Bartholomew and St. Georg is located in the center of Volkach's old town . At first there was a chapel dedicated to St. George at this point, the parish was on the Kirchberg, where today the church Maria im Weingarten stands. The 14th century brought the elevation to the parish church. On February 22nd, 1413, the day of Peter's chair celebration , a long-planned new building began. The church suffered minor damage in the last year of the Second World War, which was repaired in 1949.
The church was designed as a hall church. It is east-facing and has a polygonal choir. In the west, the Nikolauskapelle is directly adjacent to the building. Overall, the church is surrounded by houses on three sides and opens onto the main street in the east. The defining element of the church, however, is the tower that was built north of the choir. It has seven floors and is 45 m high. A round stair tower with a small dome was attached to its east side.
The furnishings of the church are mainly influenced by the baroque redesign in the 18th century. Several great Franconian baroque artists worked in the parish church. Some older components testify to the old age of the church building. The ceiling painting was created by Johann Michael Wolcker , Georg Sebastian Urlaub and Johann Georg Neßfell worked on the high altar. Later, Johann Peter Wagner added the tabernacle. 49 ° 51 '54.8 " N , 10 ° 13' 34.4" E
St. John Baptist (Fahr)
| cath. | 1331 |
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The St. Johannes Baptist Church is located in the center of the Fahr district. In 1331 the community split off from the original parish church on the Volkacher Kirchberg. Initially, the church was designed as a Gothic fortified church before the walls were torn down in the 15th century. The church was rebuilt between 1718 and 1726. The result was a baroque church. Several renovations of the church followed in the 19th century .
The oldest part of the church is the choir tower from the 17th century. It was created as the so-called Julius Echter Tower and has the typical pointed helmet. The church was eastered and presented as a hall building. The baroque nave from 1726 is divided into three window axes, which are formed by rectangular windows. The sacristy and a side portal are on the north side . The church has a gable roof .
The furnishings of the church can be traced back to the baroque redesign. Only the sacrament house has been preserved from the old church . The high altar sheet by Anton Clemens Lünenschloß with the depiction of the “Good Shepherd” from 1720 is particularly significant in terms of art history. The side altars to the left and right of the choir arch were consecrated to the Virgin Mary and the Holy Family. 49 ° 52 '37.6 " N , 10 ° 9' 53.3" E
St. Stephen
| ev.-luth. (1556) | 1339 |
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The church of St. Stephanus in Eichfeld is closely connected to the distant original parish on the Volkacher Kirchberg. The community was a branch of Volkach before it became the first branch to gain independence in 1339. Eichfeld was part of the Grafschaft Castell , the counts initially only ruled the village before they also took over the church rule with the Reformation and the introduction of Protestant teaching in 1556. In 1902 the church building was rebuilt.
The classic, east-facing hall building has an old Julius Echter tower, which probably goes back to counter-Reformation efforts in the 16th century. The nave was built in the neo-Gothic style at the beginning of the 20th century, while the Gothic choir was retained. It has tracery windows . The nave sides in the north and south each have five arched windows . Today the east side of the church serves as the front side.
When the church was rebuilt in 1902, many of the old furnishings fell victim. Today the neo-Gothic elements in wood predominate inside . Some other pieces still come from the old church. The old baptismal font from 1610 was initially housed in the cemetery after the new building, later it was returned to the interior. The oldest elements inside the church are the remains of the sacrament house, which was built around 1400. 49 ° 50 ′ 31.5 " N , 10 ° 18 ′ 3.7" E
St. Michael (Volkach)
| ev.-luth. (1977) | 1404 |
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The Evangelical Lutheran parish church of St. Michael is located in the south of the old town. In 1404 the Counts of Castell built the church in front of the walls of the city of Volkach. The church was under the patronage of Mary. At the beginning of the 16th century, the church was also the hospital church of the citizens' hospital in the neighborhood. From 1544 it was used as a cemetery chapel. From 1977 the chapel was used as a church by the growing evangelical community.
When the chapel was built for the third time from 1862 to 1864, the hall church was expanded and a new high altar was built . Today it has a retracted polygonal choir. The church is crowned by a roof turret. Only the portal tympanum has been preserved from the medieval church . It shows the crowning of Mary and is probably a replica of a similar relief on the Marienkapelle in Würzburg.
Today the church has only a few objects of the old furnishings. A modern altar from the 1970s forms the centerpiece of the church . The neo-Gothic altars in the choir and the pulpit came to Volkach from other houses . A wooden gallery was installed on the east side of the church. The oldest element was a stone pietà for a long time, today the Vesper picture is in the Museum for Franconia in Würzburg. 49 ° 51 '50.5 " N , 10 ° 13" 39.1 " E
St. John Evangelist
| cath. | 1408 |
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For a long time, the Astheim church was a branch of the Volkach parish church on the Kirchberg. It was not until the beginning of the 15th century that it became independent and soon afterwards it was subordinate to the Carthusian prior of the village. Protestant services were celebrated in the church during the Thirty Years' War. The current appearance of the church comes from the 16th century and can be attributed to the late Gothic.
The complex was built in 1509 and its appearance can be attributed to the late Gothic. The church is east and was built as a hall. The nave is divided in the north by two window axes. Both windows are arched and have simple tracery . The choir with a pent roof is attached to the nave in the east. The five floors of the church tower can be seen on the outside of the windows, the top floor is highlighted by a cornice .
The interior of the Astheim church is shaped by the transformation in the 18th century. In addition, the epitaphs of the Schwarzenberg family point to the role of the family's burial place. The high altar fills the east wall of the choir. It was created around the middle of the 18th century and completed with the addition of the two assistant figures of the crucifixion group . Johann Peter Wagner created it in 1789. 49 ° 51 ′ 45.8 ″ N , 10 ° 13 ′ 5.4 ″ E
Astheim monastery church
| profane | 1418 |
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The Carthusian monastery in Astheim has existed since 1409. In the years 1418 to 1468/1469, the original church was built, which in terms of location and size was roughly the same as today's. In 1723 the church was redesigned in Baroque style. After the secularization , the preserved buildings came into the hands of the Schwarzenberg family, who renovated the church between 1862 and 1863. After a fire in 1867, the church received the roof turret that is still preserved today.
The former church of the monastery is east. It is single-nave and as a hall church has no transept. The choir, which was reserved only for the monks of the monastery, ends with a five-eighth closing. It consists of three yokes . A special feature of the church is the rood screen inside, which is considered to be the best preserved in Germany. It used to separate the monk's church from the lay church and its platform provided access to the second floor of the connecting passage and the cloister.
After the buildings of the former charterhouse were converted into a museum in the last years of the 20th century , only the elements in the monastery church , which is now profaned , have been preserved from the original furnishings . The main focus is on the mighty high altar and the choir stalls of the monk's church. The choir stalls were created in 1606 by unknown artists. 49 ° 51 '46.4 " N , 10 ° 13' 0.8" E
St. Nicholas
| cath. | 1443 |
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The church forms today's center of the village Obervolkach northeast of the core city. A completely new district even emerged around them. The church probably already renounced the mother church on the Volkacher Kirchberg around 1330 , but the corresponding documents burned in the following time. Therefore the independence of the parish Obervolkach dates back to the year 1435. The first church was probably built like a chapel and was replaced in the following period.
Today, the Nikolauskirche presents itself primarily as a late Gothic building. A Julius Echter pointed helmet was given to the church at the beginning of the 17th century, and the church was also renovated. In the post-war period , the old church soon became too small for the growing number of parishioners, and plans were made to expand it. Therefore, the base of the church in 1976 by two-thirds has been expanded and new in 1977 consecrated .
Some valuable furnishings are kept inside the church. The oldest of these pieces come from the 15th and 16th centuries. The figures of John the Baptist and Mary come from the St. Michael's cemetery chapel . A figure of the winemaker's patron Urban also came from here . It was created around 1490. The organ's prospectus is particularly valuable. It was worked by Franz Ignaz Seuffert . 49 ° 52 '24.4 " N , 10 ° 15' 31.9" E
St. George
| cath. | 1447 |
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The church of St. Georg forms the center of the village of Rimbach . It was first mentioned in the 15th century and for a long time was a branch of the original parish church on the Volkacher Kirchberg. As early as the 17th century, the church was in poor condition and should be renewed. The new building was realized between 1669 and 1715 by the Tyrolean Jakob Hueber. In 1860, the Georgskirche was removed from Volkach.
It is due to the Tyrolean master builder that the church does not present itself as a typical Franconian village church. A four-sided ridge turret with an onion dome, as they are more likely to be found in old Bavaria and Austria , was attached to the church, and it also has a retracted choir. The nave is divided by three window axes, an epitaph was attached to the outer wall of the choir .
The center of the choir is the sacrament house from 1502 with a representation of Christ in the arched field . Several epitaphs of the Zollner von Rimbach refer to the past of the place as the seat of the knight family . Shortly after the completion of the new building, the altars came into the church in the 18th century. A short time later, the pulpit and baptismal font, which today stands in front of the choir, were created. 49 ° 51 '54.5 " N , 10 ° 17' 36.3" E
St. Andrew
| cath. | 1576 |
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The Andreas Church in the smallest Volkach district of Köhler was first mentioned in 1576. Repair work on the building is recorded for 1610. The church in its present form was not built until around 1720. The church presents itself as a simple building from the 18th century. The roof is crowned by a six-sided, wooden roof turret. A pyramid helmet is put on him. The church has a two-axis nave with a flat roof . The square choir adjoins it in the south. It has a cross vault inside.
The interior is very valuable, atypical for such a small village church. From the old church, only the sacrament house could be preserved, but two figures from the Riemenschneiderschule came here later. The Andreaskirche received many other pieces of equipment after the dissolution of the monastery on the Vogelsburg. A memorial to the fallen is attached to the outside wall of the church . 49 ° 50 '57.7 " N , 10 ° 10' 2.2" O
St. Johannes Baptist (Escherndorf)
| cath. | before 1595 |
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The Johannes-Baptist-Kirche in the district of Escherndorf forms the center of the two-line Häckerdorf. During the Reformation, the inhabitants of the village tended towards the evangelical creed. In order to reverse this, Prince-Bishop Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn raised Escherndorf to a parish in 1595. The previous building, a small chapel, was expanded and was completed as a parish church before 1620. In the 18th century, the interior was renewed .
The church presents itself in the style of the post-Gothic. Elements of the Renaissance are mixed with those of the late Gothic. The tower, a typical one of the Julius Echter era, wears a pointed helmet. The nave is divided into three rows of windows. A two-story sacristy adjoins the building. Inside, the room is mainly characterized by the stucco structure from the 18th century. It is similar to that of the library building in the Würzburg fortress .
A processional crucifix and baptismal font have been preserved in the choir from the time the church was built . It bears the coat of arms of the Prince-Bishop and the year 1609. In the south of the church is the tombstone of the Escherndorf pastor Martin Kluber. A wooden figure in the choir with the risen Christ was created in the late 17th century. The pews date from 1746 and 1776. The organ in the west of the church comes from the workshop of Johann Michael Voits and came to Escherndorf in 1776. 49 ° 51 '45.5 " N , 10 ° 10' 28.1" E
Trinity Church
| cath. | before 1596 |
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The Trinity Church in the Volkach district of Gaibach was created through the support of various noble families. First, Valentin Echter von Mespelbrunn pushed ahead with the renovation of the building, and in 1596 he succeeded in elevating Gaibach to a parish. A few years later, in 1650, Gaibach came to the Schönborn family. Between 1740 and 1745, the master builder Balthasar Neumann built the church in the Baroque style, which still exists today.
The church is east. The magnificent west facade merges into a simple, two-bay long house. This is followed by a transversely oval rotunda . Three bean-shaped apses are attached. In the east is the church tower. The floor plan approaches a cross. The church tower is three-story, the basement comes from the old church and was taken over by Balthasar Neumann in the new building. The walls inside the church are all slightly troughed.
Originally it was planned to reuse the furnishings of the old church with some epitaphs. However, the new furnishings were adapted to the architecture in the following years. Major artists created pieces for the church. The sheet of the high altar, which shows the members of the Schönborn family and was painted by Franz Lippold , is particularly significant . The organ is the work of the Würzburg court organ maker Johann Philipp Seuffert and is considered one of the best preserved works by this artist. 49 ° 53 '26.1 " N , 10 ° 13' 38.7" E
Chapels
The arrangement of the chapels is based on the same works as the churches. All chapels are or were Roman Catholic. With these small, Christian sacred spaces, it is usually even more difficult to date an exact date for the construction, which is why reference was usually made to terms ante quem or post quem . There are some very old chapels in the Volkach municipality. The Pankratius Chapel in Hallburg Castle can be identified as the oldest.
Pankratius Chapel
| cath. | gen. 1253 |
In the keep of Hallburg Castle, a chapel is still housed today, which is dedicated to St. Pankratius. It has a Gothic rib cross vault over a square floor plan. The chapel was mentioned indirectly for the first time in 1253, when a "Wernerus capellanus " was mentioned. Lutheran services were celebrated here during the Thirty Years' War, and the chapel was profaned in the 18th century. Only the Counts of Schönborn consecrated the space anew. 49 ° 51 '2.9 " N , 10 ° 12' 45.7" E
Wolfgang Chapel
| cath. (†) | gen. 1270 |
The Wolfgang chapel was in the Gaibach district. After the Lords of Gaibach and Gubach had owned an estate in the village since the 12th century, Irmengard von Hohenfeld acquired the hamlet in 1270 and built a small chapel on the area where the village cemetery of Gaibach can be found today. The chapel was consecrated to St. Wolfgang and is considered to be the predecessor of the Trinity Church, which was later built in the town center. The chapel probably disappeared at the beginning of the 17th century. 49 ° 53 '29 " N , 10 ° 13' 43" E
Nikolauskapelle (Astheim)
| cath. (†) | before 1399 |
The St. Nicholas Chapel in Astheim was the first church in the area that is now occupied by the remains of the Charterhouse. The Counts of Castell probably set up a small chapel in their manor . They dedicated them to St. Nicholas , the patron saint of fishermen and boatmen. The Lords of Seinsheim continued to use the chapel before the Carthusian church service celebrated here in the early days. The Nikolauskapelle was later given up in favor of the other chapels on the monastery area. The refectory was built here. 49 ° 51 '46.1 " N , 10 ° 13' 1.4" E
Johanneskapelle
| profane | 1418 |
Today the Johanneskapelle forms the transition between the monastery church and the procurate building on the site of the Astheim Charterhouse. The so-called “Chorkirchlein” was first mentioned in 1418. The burial place of the monastery founder Anna von Bibra could be found here. In 1584, Prior Johannes Haupt had the Johanneskapelle built, which was also known as the “Prokurators- or Schaffnerkapelle”. As recently as 1987, the two-storey chapel housed the Astheim community's funeral hall . Today the chapel is secluded and part of the Astheim Charterhouse Museum. 49 ° 51 '46.1 " N , 10 ° 13' 1.5" E
Nikolauskapelle (Volkach)
| cath. | 1447 |
The Nikolauskapelle is located in the immediate vicinity of the Volkach parish church, west of the church. The chapel was first mentioned in 1447. At that time it was consecrated to St. Michael, which indicates that it was used as a charnel house . Today it is only accessible via the Bartholomäuskirche. It is two-story, with some 15th-century Apostle crosses uncovered on the upper floor . There is also an icon of St. Nicholas and a copy of the miraculous image by Lucas Cranach. 49 ° 51 '54.7 " N , 10 ° 13' 32.8" E
Infirmary Chapel
| cath. (†) | 1504 |
The so-called infirmary in what is now Sommeracher Strasse 22 in the city center also had a chapel. The infirmary was first depicted in the so-called Volkacher Salbuch by town clerk Niklas Brobst von Effelt and was converted into a poor house in 1806, with the chapel being demolished. In the Salbuch the chapel is called "keppele" and is represented with a roof turret. It probably ended with a gable roof, although the drawing is not very realistic. 49 ° 51 '35.5 " N , 10 ° 13" 37.1 " E
Jesus on the meadow
| cath. | 17th century |
The chapel Jesus auf der Wies was built between Obervolkach and Rimbach, is now in the Rimbach district, but is maintained by the Obervolkach people. Initially, a wayside shrine was to be found at the site of the chapel , which was surrounded by a small building in the course of the 17th century. Today's church was built by 1874. The church presents itself as a rectangular building that ends with a polygonal choir. The original equipment of the chapel can be found today mainly in Obervolkach. 49 ° 52 ′ 2 " N , 10 ° 16 ′ 44" E
Gaibach Castle Chapel
| profane | after 1694 |
The palace chapel in the Gaibach complex was to be found in the north wing . It was built in the course of the palace renovation between 1694 and 1700. It presented itself as a rectangular hall and ended with a cross vault. Inside, the Bamberg artist Johann Jakob Vogel made several stucco work for the ceilings. Among other things, the Most Holy Trinity and the Assumption of Mary were depicted. A stucco altar came inside in 1730. Today the chapel is secluded and only remnants of the stucco ceilings are preserved. 49 ° 53 '29.3 " N , 10 ° 13' 36.1" E
Holy Cross Chapel
| cath. | 1697 |
The Gaibacher Heilig-Kreuz-Kapelle stands on the edge of the state road 2271 on the Sonnenberg. Like some other buildings in the village of Gaibach itself, it goes back to the Counts of Schönborn. So let Lothar Franz von Schönborn in 1697 to a Heiligenhäuschen with a crucifix build the chapel. Johann Leonhard Dientzenhofer could be won as a master builder . Schönborn pushed for the establishment of a pilgrimage, but the pilgrims stayed away.
The church was built as a rotunda. The substructure is cylindrical and is closed by a semicircular dome. On the north side of the roof there is a roof turret that serves as a bell tower . The furnishings of the chapel came to the church immediately after it was built. It also presents the wealth of the founder, who has been immortalized several times with his coat of arms in the small chapel. Particularly noteworthy is the ceiling painting by Lazaro Maria Sanguinetti . 49 ° 53 '48.3 " N , 10 ° 13' 45.2" E
Fahr cemetery chapel
| cath. | before 1706 |
The cemetery chapel in the middle of the cemetery was laid out before 1706. A curved hipped roof crowns the building. The portal is straightforward. You can only see protruding elements in the facade. Inside there is an altar with an altarpiece depicting St. Sebastian . It is surrounded by twisted columns entwined with vines. 49 ° 52 '36.2 " N , 10 ° 10' 3.9" E
Michael's Chapel
| cath. | 1716 |
The Michaelskapelle is located on the western side of the village of Obervolkach on Michaelistraße. The town's cemetery was laid here at the beginning of the 17th century. The chapel was built in 1716 under the Würzburg prince-bishop Johann Philipp von Greiffenclau zu Vollraths . The little church presents itself as a simple building. A drafted choir limits it; it closes with a triangle. The interior of the chapel is dominated by the two-column altar created in 1716. 49 ° 52 '28.4 " N , 10 ° 15' 15.6" E
Astheim round chapel
| cath. | 1724 |
The round chapel is a field chapel near the Astheim district. The chapel was built in 1724 in the Baroque style and equipped with an altar influenced by the Rococo . It has a circular floor plan, a round arch portal with a drilled frame leads into the interior. Two little ox eyes illuminate the church. A cross closes it off at the top. Unlike most other places of worship in Volkach, the chapel is not classified as a monument . 49 ° 51 '58.9 " N , 10 ° 11' 54.8" E
Kreuzkapelle
| cath. | 1727 |
At first there was a wayside shrine at the place of the small chapel, which was popularly known as the “White Martyr”. In 1727 the couple Johann Adam and Margaretha Lutz from Fahr donated the small chapel. It was assigned on April 16, 1728 by the parish priest Georg Adam Molitor. In the past, the corridor rides of the then independent community were committed here. Until at least 1983 it was customary for the driver population to make a pilgrimage to the chapel on May 3rd and September 14th.
The chapel was built in 1727 in the Baroque style and presents itself as a circular complex. The church ends with an eight-sided dome. A round arch portal leads into the interior. Renovations to the building were made in 1991 and 1995. During the renovation in 1995, frescoes from the time of construction were uncovered inside , showing Saints Anthony and Bruno . An altar with a crucifix comes from the 18th century. 49 ° 52 '32.6 " N , 10 ° 10' 28.6" E
Chapel in the Elgersheimer Hof
| profane | not clear |
There is a chapel inside the Elgersheimer Hof near Fahr. Services were held here until 1995. Its only furnishing element is the classicistic Marian altar. It is in white and gold and is surmounted by the abbot coat of arms of Eugen Montag . A painting of Mary is in the center of the altarpiece. She is depicted as the Duchess of Franconia and surrounded by the fourteen helpers in need. 49 ° 52 '17.7 " N , 10 ° 10' 34.6" E
Lourdes Chapel
| cath. | 1892 |
The Lourdes Chapel is located on a hill near the Volkach district of Escherndorf . In 1891 Jakob Neubauer from Escherndorf had returned from Lourdes and was planning to build a chapel. After initial difficulties with the parish priest, the chapel was built in 1892. Today the chapel is used as a tourist destination and as a wedding chapel. In the 21st century the building underwent major changes and the surrounding area was redesigned. 49 ° 51 '46.3 " N , 10 ° 10' 22.9" E
Field chapel Volkach
| cath. | 1897 |
Today the small field chapel can be found on the KT 10 district road between Volkach and Dimbach . It goes back to a foundation in 1897 and was established by the married couple Georg Karl and Sabina Schmitt. According to an inscription, it was consecrated to Jesus and the holy mother Mary. The chapel is a quarry stone building with a pyramid roof. At the back a fragment of a baroque column was attached as a spoiler . 49 ° 51 '20.5 " N , 10 ° 14" 9.4 " E
Volkach monastery chapel
| cath. | 1962 |
On May 16, 1962, a chapel was designated in the monastery of the Dillinger Franciscan Sisters in downtown Volkach. The chapel has a popular altar from the time it was built. An altarpiece of St. Mary as Queen of the Universe was placed above it. The oldest element of the furnishings is a painting with Christ on the cross. It dates from the 18th century and is now hung on the gallery . 49 ° 51 '54.5 " N , 10 ° 13' 31.8" E
Chapel in the citizen hospital
| cath. | 1994 |
In 1994 the Bürgerspital in Schaubmühlstrasse on the edge of Volkach city center received its own house chapel. It was set up in the new building by Hans-Peter Röschert and Hans Stürzenhofecker in 1994. On September 24, 1994, the auxiliary bishop in Würzburg , Helmut Bauer , performed the benediction. A small sacristy was built behind the chapel. Most of the furnishings go back to the university professor Ernst Rösser , who donated the objects to his hometown.
Inside there is a so-called people's altar. The ambo and the sediles were made of wood ; instead of an altar leaf, a crucifix was attached to the altar wall. A total of 14 stations of the cross run through the interior of the chapel. They were made of bronze by Heinrich Söller from Schweinfurt and came here in 1980. A figure of the Virgin also enriches the interior. In contrast, the windows and fields are made of opal glass by Valentin Glanzner from Wiesentheid . Instead of an organ there is a harmonium. 49 ° 51 '57.4 " N , 10 ° 13' 45.3" E
Nikolauskapelle Volkach
Infirmary Chapel
Fahr cemetery chapel
Jesus on the meadow
Holy Cross Chapel
Michael's Chapel
Astheim round chapel
Kreuzkapelle Fahr
Lourdes Chapel
Field chapel Volkach
Öttershausen synagogue
| jew. (submitted) | 19th century |
The Jewish community of Öttershausen was the only one in the area of today's community that had its own synagogue as a sacred space. The community was in the 19th century from only 15 to 20 people, making the maintenance made the synagogue difficult. There are hardly any sources about the whereabouts of the house after it was dissolved around 1880. The address is the first house on the right of the estate. In 1992 two remains of the wall with original windows were preserved. 49 ° 54 '18.8 " N , 10 ° 13' 2.5" E
literature
- Christa Benedum, Karl-Peter Büttner, Gerhard Egert, Franz Pfrang, Werner Stahr: Astheim and his Charterhouse . Wuerzburg 1991.
- Hermenegild Maria Biedermann, Werner Drenkrad, Erich Schneider: Vogelsburg, Escherndorf, Köhler (= Little Art Guide No. 1357). Schnell & Steiner, Munich 1982.
- Gerhard Egert: The Rimbach Church in 1612 . In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Volkach. 906-2006 . Volkach 2006, pp. 213-214.
- Gerhard Egert: The Chapel of the Dead St. Michael . In: St. Michaels Church in Volkach. Festschrift for the inauguration of St. Michaels Church in Volkach on November 28, 1982 (= Volkacher Hefte No. 3) . Volkach 1982, pp. 1-17.
- Gerhard Egert: City and Parish Volkach am Main (A contribution to the city history of Franconia). Part I. The urban territory from the beginnings to the end of the Old Kingdom in 1803. Diss . Volkach and Würzburg 1964.
- Ute Feuerbach: The parish . In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Volkach. 906-2006 . Volkach 2006, pp. 195-205.
- Jürgen Julier : Former provost and pilgrimage church of S. Maria de Rosario Dimbach (= Little Art Guide No. 1232). Schnell & Steiner, Regensburg 2 1995.
- Victor Metzner: The Becoming of the Evangelical Church Community in Volkach (An Abriß) . In: St. Michaels Church in Volkach. Festschrift for the inauguration of St. Michaels Church in Volkach on November 28, 1982 (= Volkacher Hefte No. 3) . Volkach 1982, pp. 22-38.
- Hanswernfried Muth : pilgrimage church of St. Maria im Weingarten, parish church of St. Bartholomäus Volkach (= Little Art Guide No. 227). Schnell & Steiner, Regensburg 7 2005.
- Franz Pfrang: Jews in the Volkach area . In: Ute Feuerbach (ed.): Our Main Loop. 1978-1992 . Volkach 2008. pp. 70-80.
- Erich Schneider: The churches in Gaibach (= Little Art Guide No. 1464). Schnell & Steiner, Regensburg 4 2000.
- Thomas Wehner: Real Schematism of the Diocese of Würzburg. Kitzingen Dean's Office . Wuerzburg 1997.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Feuerbach, Ute: The parish . P. 195 f.
- ↑ Benedum, Christa: Astheim and his Charterhouse . P. 24 f.
- ↑ Metzner, Victor: The becoming of the Protestant parish in Volkach . P. 22.
- ↑ Feuerbach, Ute: The parish . P. 199.
- ^ Schneider, Erich: The churches in Gaibach . P. 2 f.
- ↑ Cf.: Metzner, Victor: The becoming of the evangelical community in Volkach .
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa Wehner, Thomas: Realschematismus der Diözese Würzburg. Kitzingen Dean's Office .
- ↑ a b c Biedermann, Hermenegild Maria (among others): Vogelsburg, Escherndorf, Koehler .
- ↑ Julier, Jürgen: Former provost and pilgrimage church of S. Maria de Rosario Dimbach .
- ^ A b c Güntsch, Georg: Castell - Grafschaft and deanery. Portrait of a deanery district .
- ↑ a b c Muth, Hanswernfried: pilgrimage church of St. Maria im Weingarten, parish church of St. Bartholomäus Volkach .
- ↑ a b c d e Benedum, Christa (among others): Astheim and his Charterhouse .
- ↑ a b c Schneider, Erich: The churches in Gaibach .
- ↑ Schmitt, Günther: House chronicle of the city of Volkach . P. 25.
- ^ Alemannia Judaica: Öttershausen Jewish history , accessed on November 18, 2018.
Churches: Dreifaltigkeitskirche (Gaibach) | Evangelical Church (Krautheim) | Mariä Schutz (Vogelsburg) | Maria in the vineyard | St. Andreas (Koehler) | St. Bartholomäus and St. Georg (Volkach) | St. Georg (Rimbach) | St. Johannes Baptist (Escherndorf) | St. John Baptist (Fahr) | St. Johannes Evangelist (Astheim) | St. Maria de Rosario (Dimbach) | St. Michael (Volkach) | St. Nikolaus (Obervolkach) | St. Stephanus (Eichfeld)
Chapels: Field Chapel (Volkach) | Cemetery chapel (Fahr) | Holy Cross Chapel (Gaibach) | Jesus on the Wies (Rimbach) | Kreuzkapelle (Fahr) | Lourdes Chapel (Escherndorf) | Michaelskapelle (Obervolkach) | Round Chapel (Astheim)
Profane churches: Klosterkirche (Astheim)
Map with all coordinates: