Johann Jakob Vogel (plasterer)

Johann Jakob Vogel (also Johann Jacob Vogel ; * before April 26, 1661 in Wessobrunn ; † May 6, 1727 in Bamberg ) was a German plasterer . His work can be found today in particular in the area of ​​the former Hochstifte Bamberg and Würzburg.

Life

Youth and Education (until 1687)

Johann Jakob Vogel was born before April 26, 1661. His place of birth is uncertain, it was probably the Upper Bavarian plastering stronghold of Wessobrunn. His parents were Joachim Vogl and Maria, née Weckerlin. In 1673, at the age of twelve, the young Johann Jakob began an apprenticeship with a master plasterer. The sources do not mention the name of the master and also leave the place of training in the dark.

Vogel was in Bamberg for the first time on May 12, 1686 . Here he got a job as a lackey and thus became part of the court of Prince-Bishop Marquard Sebastian Schenk von Stauffenberg . At that time, Vogel's title was “Stukkator Meystern”, and in fact he became the first official court plasterer of the Bamberg prince-bishops. Previously, only foreign artists had held this office. However, it is not clear how Vogel got into this prestigious position.

With the wedding on May 15, 1687, at which Johann Jakob Vogel married Anna Maria Will, daughter of the clerk Johannes Will, in Bamberg Cathedral , the artist had finally become a citizen of the Franconian royal seat . With Anna Maria Vogel should have at least six children, and rumors of illegitimate descendants kept surfacing. His eldest son became a priest, while the younger ones all learned the plastering trade. Franz Jakob Vogel took over the workshop after the death of his father.

Court plasterer in Bamberg (until 1702)

In Bamberg, Vogel initially only took on minor stucco work. In 1687/1688 he worked on the garden house of Geyerswörth Castle , which no longer exists today. He received his first major order in 1688 when Antonio Petrini built Bamberg 's St. Stephen's Church . The originally planned plasterer Bernardo Quadro from Lugano neglected his work and Vogel stepped in for him.

In addition to the artistic works, Vogel was also responsible for preparatory work steps such as preparing the ceilings. Together with Leonhard Dientzenhofer , he designed the stucco decorations in the Steigerwaldkloster Ebrach from 1689 to 1694 . Work on Seehof Castle , the summer palace of the Bamberg bishops , began around 1690 . In the same year Johann Jakob Vogel also worked on the stuccoing of the Kastenhof in Baunach.

With the assumption of office of Lothar Franz von Schönborn , who also promoted the artist, Vogel's working environment expanded even further. Since the prelate was also in charge of the prince-bishopric in Würzburg and the archbishopric of Mainz , Vogel was forced to travel to the corresponding territories. In 1694 he stayed in Gaibach and stuccoed the converted castle and the newly built cross chapel in the castle park.

The plan to expand the Bamberg bishop's residence took shape in 1694. Vogel was busy installing the stucco decorations here for almost ten years. At the same time he also accepted work for other gentlemen. In 1702 the abbot of Banz Monastery , Kilian Düring, obliged him to stucco the monastery buildings. At this point, Vogel must have already had a large workshop, otherwise all the work could not be carried out. Four employees are recorded for 1702.

Late years (until 1727)

His wife Anna Maria died on August 13, 1705 and Vogel remarried in the same year. This time he married the widow Maria Caecilia Henneberger, née Speiser, who bore him three children. At that time, the plasterer was probably living in downtown Bamberg. He owned a house on Schillerplatz, and his first wife also brought an estate on Kranen into the marriage.

The Viennese bandelwork style that emerged at the beginning of the 18th century brought an abrupt end to the huge success. Daniel Schenk, who mastered the new style better, rose in favor of the prince-bishop. Even so, Vogel was still very busy. He developed an individual special style, which, however, was influenced by the Bandelwerk. Vogel now mainly stuccoed smaller country churches such as St. Martin in Forchheim or the church in Dormitz .

From 1718 Georg Hennicke became the house and court plasterer of the Schönborn family and further ousted the Vogel workshop. In the meantime, the son Franz Jakob took on more and more work and was able to hold the primacy of the Vogels in the diocese of Bamberg until around 1750 with his employees . Johann Jakob Vogel died on May 6, 1727 in his house in Bamberg. The Prussian court sculptor Gottlieb Heymüller was his son-in-law.

Works (selection)

Since most of Johann Jakob Vogel's works were not signed, the works can only be assigned to the Vogel workshop. This means that the work of the son Franz Jakob Vogel and members of the workshop can also be listed here. The archival records form the basis for the list.

place	year	plant	Remarks
Bamberg	1695-1710 / 1711	New residence : main field of work of Johann Jakob Vogel until 1705, a. a. Stuccoing of the private chapel, the guest chamber, etc.	New building by Leonhard Dientzenhofer
Bamberg	1687/1688	Residenzschloss Geyerswörth , garden house: stuccoing of the summer house room (no longer available)	Garden house originally from 1596/1597
Bamberg	1688/1689	St. Stephan : Longhouse stucco, dome relief, pendant angel	New building in 1677 by Antonio Petrini, consecrated in 1717
Banz (Upper Franconia)	1702-1709	Banz Monastery : Stuccoing of the abbey building, four work phases	New building plans by Leonhard Dientzenhofer
Baunach	1690/1691	Prince-Bishop's box courtyard: four stuccoed rooms, small representative rooms on the garden side of the upper floor	Erected from 1689 to 1691
Ebrach	1691/1702	Ebrach Monastery : Quadrature work between 1689 and 1694	from 1688 new monastery building by Leonhard Dientzenhofer
Forchheim	1686	Palatinate : stucco ceiling in the upper room of the main building (no longer available)	Construction from 14th century, extensions in the 16th century
Forchheim	around 1689	Nürnberger Straße 3, house of the Eyb family: four rooms are stuccoed	around 1685 new building
Gaibach	1694-1711	Gaibach Castle : complete stucco in a total of five phases (partially preserved)	from 1692 renovation work in the castle, 1699–1700 garden house
Mainz	around 1706	Electoral palace : stuccoing of the mirror room (no longer available)	Expansion of the building from 1627
Marloffstein	1691/1692	Prince-Bishop's official palace: only quadrature work (no longer available)	1691/1692 baroque reconstruction
Memmelsdorf	1707	Parish Church of the Assumption: Stucco nave from July to September 1707	New building and extension of the nave by Balthasar Caminata
Seehof (Memmelsdorf)	1693 to 1711	Seehof Castle : four rooms on the 1st floor stuccoed, u. a. Acanthus flower rosettes	New building from 1686 by Antonio Petrini, Georg Dientzenhofer
Wiesentheid	1708/1709	Wiesentheid Castle : several rooms	unclear which rooms, with Georg Hennicke and Antonio Bossi
Zeil am Main	before 1710	Prince-Bishop's Box Courtyard	unclear what exactly was worked, new building in the 18th century

literature

• Ingrid Bachmeier: The Bamberg court stucco workers Johann Jacob and Franz Jacob Vogel. Her workshop and her work in the Prince Diocese of Bamberg from 1686 to around 1750 (= Form and Interest, Vol. 46). Diss . Münster, Hamburg 1994.
• Olga Blüth: Johann Jacob Vogel and the stucco work in Upper Franconia 1680–1740. Diss . Frankfurt am Main 1922.

Web links

• Johann Jakob Vogel in the German biography

Individual evidence

1. ^ Bachmeier, Ingrid: The Bamberg court stucco workers . P. 18.
2. ^ Bachmeier, Ingrid: The Bamberg court stucco workers . P. 19.
3. ^ Bachmeier, Ingrid: The Bamberg court stucco workers . P. 29.
4. ^ Bachmeier, Ingrid: The Bamberg court stucco workers . P. 134.
5. ^ Bachmeier, Ingrid: The Bamberg court stucco workers . Pp. 202-227.