Pons Mariae Monastery (Astheim)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The preserved remains of the monastery

The Pons Mariae Monastery (Marienbrück Monastery) is the landmark of the Lower Franconian town of Astheim . It was originally a Charterhouse of the Carthusian monks. The monastery is located near the Main in the middle of the village.

history

The Carthusian monastery in Astheim has existed since 1409. The Lords of Seinsheim's foundation soon became the lord of the village and thus secular ruler over the inhabitants of the village. The monastery buildings were destroyed in many wars, but they were repeatedly rebuilt. The history of the monastery ended with the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss on June 20, 1803.

Foundation and establishment (up to the 15th century)

The foundation is documented by an inscription in the church

The history of the monastery in Astheim is closely linked to the noble family of the Knights of Seinsheim. This received the bailiwick of the village from the Counts of Castell after 1328 . In the middle of the village, a castell estate had been preserved, which the new owners took over. This estate comprised the same area as the later Charterhouse and was protected by a wall, fence and ditch. There was also a manor house, a chapel , several farm buildings and a mill on the Main.

With the accession of Erkinger VI. von Seinsheim , who renamed himself Baron von Schwarzenberg in 1429 , began the renovation of the Hofgut in 1404. Erkinger held talks with the Carthusian monastic order to convert the estate into a monastery. He planned this step because he had chosen Astheim as the burial place for himself and his family. On June 2, 1409, he donated the site to the Order, which immediately set about converting the area into a monastery. A year later, the convent was recognized by the Würzburg prince-bishop Johann I von Egloffstein .

In 1413 the newly founded monastery was named Domus Pontis BMV in Astheim (Monastery Bridge of the Good Virgin Mother in Astheim) from the mother monastery in what is now France. The first prior was Baernardus, who came to Astheim from the Tückelhausen Charterhouse . In 1418, Erkinger's first wife Anna von Bibra was the first person in the Seinsheim family to be buried on the site. A short time later, in 1437, the founder himself also died.

Erkinger's sons Michael and Hermann von Schwarzenberg appointed the priores of the Charterhouse as spiritual rulers of the village of Astheim on February 7, 1440 . They have held secular power since the monastery was founded. In addition to the construction of the monastery buildings, the monks now also had to take care of administrative matters and could appoint the local priest. The Carthusians had their first practical test in 1487 when the Lords of Thüngen plundered the monastery buildings during a feud .

Reformation and Counter-Reformation (up to 17th century)

The beginning of the Reformation in the 16th century did not leave the monastery in Astheim unaffected. Fewer and fewer monks entered the convent and the heads of the community were often exchanged; a Carthusian, Mathes, even tried to set fire to the monastery buildings in 1520. In 1500 a dispute began with the nearby town of Volkach . Both sides insisted on their fishing rights in the Main and the rights to use the fords across the river. These disputes were only resolved in the 19th century.

In 1525 the Carthusians fled the monastery. The reason was the beginning of the German Peasant War . Volkacher and Astheimer farmers attacked the abandoned Charterhouse on May 3, 1525 and plundered it. A short time later, on May 16, Gerolzhöfer insurgents appeared and continued to destroy the monastery buildings. The most valuable part of the monastery treasure had meanwhile been brought to Schweinfurt , where it was completely destroyed in 1554.

The reconstruction of the monastery began in 1526. Johann von Schwarzenberg granted great financial support, although his family had meanwhile accepted the Protestant creed. Prior Jakobus Heil (1554–1563) continued the work. He was supported by the Counter Reformation under Prince-Bishop Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn , who took part in the renovation of the monastery buildings.

War and rebellion (until the 19th century)

The Charterhouse in an old view

After the renovations, which lasted until the 17th century, the Thirty Years War began . In 1631 the monks fled to the area around the Charterhouse, not without first hiding the monastery treasure in the secret rooms of the monastery. A short time later the Swedes reached Astheim. In 1633, Astheim received Friedrich von Rostein as the new village lord, who, represented by his administrator Max Weiß, had the convent church converted into a Protestant church. Only in 1634, after the Swedes had withdrawn, the monks were able to return to Astheim. The war broke out again in 1648 when French soldiers looted the monastery.

After the end of the war, the construction of the destroyed monastery buildings began again. In 1660 there were again 14 professed in Astheim. Most of the renovations fell during the tenure of Prior Georg Möhring (1670-1712). In 1695 there was the “Astheim Rebellion” against the forced labor for the monastery. An arbitration by the prior failed, and only the troops of the Würzburg prince-bishop were able to crush the uprising.

Dissolution and re-use (until today)

The end of the monastery began with the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss and the subsequent secularization . On December 1, 1802, Electoral Palatinate Bavaria took over the monastery and placed the monks under his control. On June 20, 1803, the Charterhouse was finally dissolved. The monks were expelled and from then on received a small amount of government support. This ended the almost 400-year history of the Carthusians in Astheim. A total of 43 priors had served in the monastery from 1409 to 1803.

In 1805 the descendants of the Prince von Schwarzenberg acquired the monastery buildings for 865 guilders . The farm buildings had previously been sold to Valentin Jörg from Wiesentheider . In 1814, a subsequent use of the church as the parish church of Astheim was discussed, but this failed due to the objection of the owner of the farm buildings. The maintenance by the old village lords saved the convent church from destruction. After a lightning strike, it was partly rebuilt in neo-Gothic form in 1867. In 1895 most of the buildings in the old monastery were either sold to private individuals or had already been destroyed.

After the Second World War , the Schwarzenberg family renounced their possessions in the village in the 1950s and sold the monastery buildings to the Astheim community. This set up its town hall in the buildings there until 1972 . In 1956/1957 the convent church was extensively renovated and in 1987 the funeral hall of the place was set up in the chapel of the monastery.

Today there is a museum in the Charterhouse that is dedicated to the history of Christian image worship and is one of the museums of the Diocese of Würzburg. In addition, the archive of the city of Volkach has found a permanent home in the premises. The Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation runs the former Carthusian monastery under the monument number D-6-75-174-161. The outbuildings, which are privately owned today, are lined up on Kartäuserstraße and are classified under the numbers D-6-75-174-158 and D-6-75-174-162.

Building history

The monastery mill on the Main in the 18th century

The history of the building is closely linked to the history of events in the monastery. The many wars and conflicts in which the Charterhouse was destroyed caused the construction phases of the monastery buildings.

In the 14th century, the Hofgut already comprised the area of ​​the later Charterhouse, so that the monks could move into the simple wooden structures and carry out the renovation measures building by building. In particular, the representative manor house , the so-called Schwarzenbergische Stube, to the west of the church, remained standing for a long time. Construction began on the site for the first time in 1412, but the work was not yet very advanced. The monks performed their prayers in the Nikolauskapelle, which adjoined the manor to the west.

In the years 1418–1468 / 1469 the original church was built , which was roughly the same as the present one in terms of location and size. Although Erkinger von Schwarzenberg was buried there in 1437, construction work dragged on until the second half of the century. In 1440 the construction of the monks cells began , which were laid out in a rectangular shape in the north and north-west of the church. Initially six cells were planned, in the years 1443–1445 the monks expanded them to ten. The cells were arranged with their narrow sides around a cloister , which was set up in the years 1469-1498.

After the destruction in the Peasants' War, only four cells were still habitable in 1550 and the Carthusians renewed them. The refectory west of the manor house was also built in the 16th century . In 1575 the construction of the main mill of the monastery began. In the years 1583/1584 the monks dedicated themselves to the administration buildings and built the priory of the monastery in the north of the church. It is still preserved, as is the connecting passage between the church and the priory, which was also completed in 1584. The extension of the Johanniskapelle followed in the east of the connecting passage.

The stables were laid out in 1586 in the extreme southwest of the site . In 1589 the cloister was renewed. The work in the 16th century was completed in 1599 with the gatehouse , the monastery forge and several barns in the south of the complex. The support of the Würzburg prince-bishop Julius Echter was probably the reason for the renovation of the convent church in the years 1603-1606. The foundations were reinforced, the roof was renewed and a roof turret was installed in the middle of the building. The bishop personally consecrated the new church.

After the Thirty Years' War, which in turn fell victim to many monastery buildings, the renovation of the cells and the cloister began in 1671–1673. In 1684 the twelfth cell of the Charterhouse was built. Previously, in 1674, the monks had dug a wine cellar in the south of the site , which still exists.

In the 18th century it was decided to demolish the Schwarzenbergische Stube. In 1714 a new priory was built in its place and the old one was converted into the monastery’s procurature . In 1717 the cloister had to be rebuilt. In 1723 the church was redesigned in Baroque style. The 19th century and the dissolution of the monastery brought about the extensive destruction of the monastery buildings. Only the farm buildings in the south and west remained, while the representative parts of the complex largely disappeared.

The Schwarzenberg family only renovated the church in 1862/1863. Only four years later, a fire destroyed this work, so that the church had to be renewed again in 1867. It received a neo-Gothic portal, the roof turret was moved far to the west and also rebuilt in the neo-Gothic style. In 1956/1957 the Astheim parish restored the church again. The existing buildings received their last, comprehensive renovation in 1999.

architecture

The south side of the church

The preserved buildings are located in the west of the former Carthusian monastery. It is the convent church with the attached connecting corridor that leads to the former procurature and the so-called Johanniskapelle. In addition, simple farm buildings have been preserved in the south of the monastery. An archway delimits the area, remnants of the monastery wall still exist in the north.

Convent church

The former church of the monastery is east. It has a single nave and as a hall church has no transept. A hipped roof with an attached ridge turret in the west covers the nave. The connecting corridor connects to the church building in the south and divides it into two parts. Most of the building was completed in 1606 and can therefore be assigned to the late Gothic . Only the west and south sides of the church were renewed after a fire in the 19th century. The church is dedicated to the Holy Trinity and the Virgin Mary.

The choir with a five-eighth closing , which was reserved for the monks of the monastery, consists of three yokes. To the outside it is structured by buttresses with four window axes in the north and three in between in the south. The windows are ogival and with tracery . Inside the choir is structured by a star vault, which merges into a net vault after a yoke. The vaults run out into ornate consoles on the smooth wall.

The nave , which served the residents of Astheim and the lay brothers as a place of worship, is much smaller than the choir. Like him, it is structured by high lancet windows. In 1867 these windows had to be renewed so that their tracery now corresponds to the neo-Gothic style. In the south there is a neo-Gothic portal with tracery gable and pinnacles . A round window decorated with tracery was installed in the west. This side is divided by two narrow pointed arch windows.

The roof turret in the far west of the building on a base is octagonal and ends in a tracery roof . It is reached by a spiral staircase inside the church. The staircase replaced the former foreign gallery in the 19th century . In the nave, a blue marbled reticulated vault rests on pillars drawn inwards.

A special feature of the church is the rood screen , which is considered to be the best preserved in Germany. It used to separate the monks' and lay churches and its platform provided access to the second floor with a connecting passage and cloister. The rood screen takes up half the height of the cornice; its platform is limited by two tracery parapets. It is divided below by three arcades, with the middle ones ending in columns, while the outer ones end in the walls. There is a ribbed vault below the platform. A central arched portal connects both parts of the church.

Connecting corridor and St. John's Chapel

The connecting passage in the west

Around the third yoke of the church, the two-storey connecting passage to the priory was built in the south in 1583. A gable roof covers the building. Three window axes with rectangular windows structure it in the east, the upper two-lane and the lower one single-lane. They frame the portal of the building, which was located on the church until the 19th century and was only installed there in 1867. It is a richly decorated Renaissance portal flanked by the figures of the apostles Paul (left) and Peter (right). Mary and the child are enthroned on a cornice above . Two other saints frame the group of figures. The portal is closed off by a triangular gable on which two angels rest. The wooden door leaves have an ornamental architecture. In its shape, the portal is similar to that of the pilgrimage church in Dettelbach .

The connecting corridor has different types of ceilings, with rib vaults on the ground floor in the south and a flat ceiling in the north . The upper floor is also equipped with a flat ceiling. A single flight of stairs leads to the upper floor, from there you can reach the rood screen, the spiral staircase and the gallery of the St. John's Chapel.

The Johanniskapelle and was built at right angles to the connecting passage in the east. The priors of the monastery have been buried there since 1584 , which is why the chapel is also called the priors 'or conductors' chapel. It corresponds to the late Gothic and closes has tracery windows, which are surmounted by rectangular windows on the upper floor. The rib vault inside bears the coat of arms of the Schwarzenberg family as a keystone .

Priory and procurature

The former priory from the south

The former priory, which was converted into the priory of the monastery in the 18th century, adjoins the connecting passage to the west. It is a rectangular building facing northwest. The priory was built in 1583/1584 and contained the administrative rooms of the prior. With the construction of the new priory in 1714, the building was converted into the procuratorial office and from then on contained the rooms for the administration of the monastery's own estate .

The priory is two-story, divided by several one and two-lane rectangular windows and covered with a gable roof. It has six axes along its length and three window axes in its width. On the south side, four smaller dormers are grouped around a large one that dominates the roof in the center. In the west the priory has a three-part tail gable and in the east a stepped gable . A statue of Mary towers over the eastern gable, the west is dominated by a metal flag.

The central portal , through which one reaches the interior of the priory in the west, is surrounded by baroque drapery and framed by pilasters crowned with volutes . A coat of arms, one of the symbols of the Astheim Charterhouse, crowns the door frame: Above a three-arched bridge, on the crescent moon, there is the Queen of Heaven with a scepter and child. It is framed by a floral ornament; the coat of arms bears the letters "C" and A for Cartusia Asthemiensis . There is an oval window above it. The gable ends round at the top.

The building has seven rooms on the ground floor and six on the upper floor. A deep cellar below the building was previously used as a wine cellar. The ground floor has a cross vault, the upper floor a stuccoed flat ceiling. The basement of the priory is barrel vaulted .

Archway and remains of the wall

The heraldic reliefs on the archway

The monastery complex is entered in the south through the archway, which used to be the most important entrance to the Charterhouse when the monastery area was surrounded by a rectangular wall ring . The round arched archway was built in the years 1599–1600 and decorated with the coat of arms reliefs in the first half of the 18th century. An originally existing wooden gate fell victim to the destruction in the 19th century. Above the gate, two coat of arms niches are embedded in the sandstone reliefs . On the left they show the coat of arms of the Lords of Schwarzenberg , which is surrounded by a golden chain with a golden lamb and identifies the princes as members of the Order of the Golden Fleece ; on the right another sign of the Charterhouse: a recurring cross , surrounded by a branch and a six-pointed star. The archway is dominated by the figure of St. Bruno , which was also placed in the central niche of the arch in the 18th century. The niche dominates the surrounding reliefs. Shed roofs close off the archway.

Remnants of the wall surround the site of the former Charterhouse. A walling has been handed down from the castell estate since the 14th century. The walls were repeatedly repaired by the monks. In the north of the complex, a large, preserved piece of sandstone wall stretches along State Road 2260. In the west, the Carthusian wall was reinforced with a pent roof and forms the walling of a courtyard.

Farm buildings

The former farm buildings along Kartäuserstraße in the south of the complex were barns , stables, the monastery forge and other administrative buildings for the Carthusian estate. They were built in the 17th and 18th centuries and were initially accessible from the north. The dissolution of the monastery in the 19th century made them lapse before they were sold to private individuals in the middle of the century, who converted them into residential buildings .

The eaves-standing buildings with a gable roof are grouped around the archway and block access to the monastery grounds. They are two-story and some have baroque gate frames. Most of them were renewed in the 20th century, which is mainly recognizable by the dormer windows.

Equipment of the convent church

After the buildings of the former Carthusian monastery had been converted into a museum in the last years of the 20th century, only the objects in the monastery church have been preserved of the original furnishings, especially the mighty high altar and the choir stalls of the monk's church.

High altar

The high altar in the east of the convent church, which completely occupies the back of the choir, was created during the baroque redesign of the interior in 1723 and goes back to a foundation by Prince Adam Franz Karl von Schwarzenberg . The tabernacle in front of the altar was built in the same year as the construction. The high altar has four columns and is dedicated to the Carthusian saint Bruno of Cologne.

The altar has two passages to the right and left of the tabernacle. Above it are the coats of arms of Adam von Schwarzenberg and his wife Eleonore von Lobkowitz, flown around by putti . Four larger-than-life wooden figures surround the altarpiece. From left to right, they are the Apostle Peter, Saints Hugo of Grenoble and Hugo of Lincoln and the Apostle Paul. Two other figures on plinths are slightly set back above the coat of arms. The altarpiece shows the veneration of the Mother of God by St. Bruno and is by Oswald Onghers .

The supporting round columns lead to the pull-out of the altar. A mighty cornice with a golden ornament, on which angel figures sit, runs out at the edge in volutes. The actual excerpt begins above the picture. A blown gable reveals the Most Holy Trinity . In a cloud halo on the left is Jesus with the cross. On the right is God the Father and a dove between the two. The light from the window shines through a hole in the altar filled with yellow glass.

The structure of the tabernacle rises to the height of the picture. In its center the shrine of the most holy place bears the crucified one. Six twisted pillars surround it. Two praying angels are posted around the tabernacle. Two putti crown its wings, above which the Lamb of God is enthroned in the center , surrounded by a halo.

Choir stalls

The large wooden choir stalls made up of 32 stalls in the western part of the church below the rood screen and in the southern and northern nave originally served the praying monks of the monastery. It was created in 1606 and was created by unknown artists until October 8 of this year. It was redesigned during the baroque redesign of the church in 1724.

Four of the 32 stables are located below the rood screen, to the side of the passage to the lay church. Twelve each are distributed over the northern and southern nave. While the dorsals of the stalls and the regular subdivision of the parapet fields were already in place as the original form of the Renaissance , in the Baroque period the choir stalls were decorated by adding tendrils and garlands, as well as balusters with angel heads. Several putti were also placed on the essays and the prayer desks revised.

The parapet fields consist of darker inlaid work surrounded by flat pilasters . The semicircular arches of every stable are a regular decoration. The ornamental architecture can be seen especially in the stables below the rood screen. The text of Psalm 134 is placed on the final frieze in the area of ​​the nave. Below the rood screen ornaments and jumping unicorns fill the space.

The 34 angels, some of which only appear as heads, often as plastic figures with the attributes of saints, were created by several masters and journeymen. This is reflected in the very different quality of the work. In 1724, essays with medallions were placed over the choir stalls. They contain an iconographic program. The saints of the Carthusian Order are depicted under the rood screen, St. Bruno on the left and Hugo von Lincoln on the right.

The nave sides are decorated with three attachments. A central image is dedicated to a member of the holy family. They are surrounded by smaller medallions from the church fathers . The image of Christ can be seen on the right. A saying about it reads: "EGO SUM VERITAS ET VITA" (I am the truth and the life). Jerome as penitent and St. Augustine frame him. Left is Maria represented. Its inscription reads: "EGO MATER PUCHRAE (sic.) DILECTIONIS" (I, the mother of beautiful love). They are surrounded by St. Gregory with a dove and Ambrose as bishop.

Lay altars

In the area of ​​the church, which was also accessible to the lay brothers, there are two altars . They were erected below the rood screen, to the left and right of the passage, and were built in 1680. They are made of stucco marble and are much simpler than the high altar. They are consecrated to the apostles and the Holy Cross, their structure is two-pillar. In the center one recognizes a semi-sculptural figure that was attached instead of an altarpiece .

The cross can be seen on the left. It is framed by two figures of saints on each side. Above it, two angels flank the extract , which forms a portrait medallion with a saint. The altar on the left is designed in a similar way. He is dominated by the figure of the apostle Paul and is surrounded by four other apostles.

Frescoes

Several frescoes from different centuries adorn the nave. Some of them were painted over at a later time and could only be exposed again in the 1950s. The oldest of these paintings are from the old church of the 15th century. They were cut through by installing new windows at the beginning of the 17th century and show the washing of feet north of the choir. In the choir itself the carrying of the cross , the crucifixion of Christ and the miracle of Pentecost are represented. The nave is criss-crossed with the remains of a mount of olives scene .

With the redesign of the church, a new painting of the church began. In 1603 the windows were painted with simple scrollwork ornaments and garlands. As a biblical program, the veil of Veronica and angels with instruments of suffering are attached to the window spandrels . In a large painting in the south above the door to the connecting building, St. Hugo is shown.

In the years 1625–1630 the ceiling was mainly painted with singing angels and notes. Banners carry the words "Angelus" and " Cherubim ". The throne of God can be seen in the center. These paintings were uncovered in 1957–1958.

Further equipment

Another feature of the church is the figure of St. Bruno of Cologne above the rood screen. A washbasin can be seen on the south side of the lay church . It dates from around the turn of the 17th century, is framed by columns and crowned by a shell gable. Above it is a Jesus child carrying a cross. A bronze lectorium can be assigned to the remodeling of the 18th century and was provided with a reference to the princes of Schwarzenberg.

In the lay church there are two sandstone epitaphs from people of the Schwarzenberg family, in the north that of Ursula von Schwarzenberg and in the south that of Elisabeth von Schwarzenberg. Both died in the 15th century. The southern one has four coats of arms in the corners and bears an inscription . It reads: "mcccclxvii on sunday after mathei passed away the noble fraw Elisabet von Schwarzenberg born of Colowrat awß behem the got mercy sey amen."

Name of the monastery

In the course of time the Astheim Charterhouse was given many different names. The sources name nine different names. Some are just variations, others are completely different. So it is called "Cartusia Astheimii", "Cartusia Asthemiensis" and "Cartusia Asthamensis". Another Latin name is "Cartusiae Pontis Beatae Mariae". The vernacular calls the monastery "Mariabrück". From the Grande Chartreuse , the monks' headquarters, the names “Chartreuse du Pont-Ste. Marie ”,“ Chartreuse du Pont-de-la-Bienheureuse-Marie en Astheim ”and“ Chartreuse du Pont-Notre-Dame en Astheim ”survived.

List of Rectors and Priors

The list is based on the work of Michael Wieland from 1896, which contains a complete list of the rectors and priors. During its existence, the Astheim Charterhouse had a total of 43 rectors and priors. Initially, the newly founded monastery was settled by monks from Würzburg and Nuremberg , and Petrus from the Engelgarten Charterhouse was appointed as the first rector. From 1416 the convent was presided over by a prior at the latest.

Surname Term of office Remarks
Peter of Würzburg from 1410 first rector from Würzburg
Bernardus I. 1413-1416 First prior from Tückelhausen, date of appointment unclear, † around 1416
Henricus I. Molmanns 1416-1421 Profession in Astheim, resignation 1421, † August 12, 1443
Fridericus 1421-1426 * in Schweinfurt , professed in Tückelhausen, previously prior in Grünau, then in Buxheim, Tückelhausen, † 1440
Peter I. Faber 1426-1431 Profession in Nuremberg
Erhardus 1431-1440
Udalricus rooster 1440 – around 1456 also Ulrich Hahn , professed in Nuremberg, then prior in Nuremberg, † 23 August 1457 in Nuremberg
Anton Zibra around 1456–1463 * in Mons, profession in Astheim
Johannes I. Krugbeck 1463-1468 Profession in Tückelhausen
Heinrich II. N. 1468-1482 Resignation 1482
Petrus monkshood 1482-1499 Profession in Astheim, then prior in Würzburg, † June 2, 1503
Benedictus acorn 1499-1508 Also Eigel , professed in Astheim, previously prior in Büxheim, then prior in Nuremberg, first term of office, † February 11, 1525
Burkardus Schneebarth 1508-1511 Profession in Astheim, resignation 1511, † December 18, 1523
Benedictus acorn 1511-1517 2. Term of office
Konradus Zerrer 1517-1519 Profession in Astheim, previously prior in Würzburg, † May 15, 1519
Markus N. 1519-1520 Profession in Astheim, resignation 1520, † 1530
Jodokus Hess 1520-1528 * 1484 in Geislingen an der Steige , also Jost Hesse , then Prior in Erfurt , † 23 September / 3. November 1539 in Erfurt
John II Brizbach 1528-1529 also Johannes Buzbach , † March 19, 1529
Sebastianus N. 1529-1536 Profession in Astheim, † August 10, 1536
John III hail 1536-1542 Profession in Roermond, resignation 1542, † September 3, 1552 in Roermond
Gerhardus Bonn 1542-1546 Profession in Koblenz, † June 23, 1561
Theodorich Löher 1546-1550 also Lother , called "a stratis", professed in Cologne, † 1554 in Würzburg
John IV Horst 1550-1554 Profession in Roermond, then prior in Stettin, Frankfurt an der Oder
James salvation 1554-1563 * in Rasperg, previously prior in Erfurt , then prior in Würzburg, prior in Tückelhausen , † January 23, 1574 in Würzburg
Hermannus N. 1563-1566 Profession in Dülmen, resignation 1566, † 1575
Matthias de Monte 1566-1570 * in Mons (Belgium), professed in Hildesheim, previously prior in Grünau , then prior in Tückelhausen, prior in Prüll , vicar in Buxheim; † July 6, 1587 in Buxheim
Johannes V. Haupt 1570-1591 Profession in Astheim, also rector in Ilmbach , † June 4, 1591 in Austria
Lukas Pomisius 1591-1594 initially only rector, † 1602
Ludwig Hager 1594-1615 * in Überlingen , † April 19 or 29, 1615 in Buxheim
Dionysius Fichtlinus 1615-1620 * in Karlstadt, also Fichtling , Fichtel , profession in Astheim, † January 26, 1620
Bruno Fleischmann 1620-1639 * 1580 in Kronach , also Ludwig Fleischmann ; † October 6, 1639
Renatus Empire 1639-1660 * January 26, 1603 in Bamberg , † February 8, 1660
John VI Caspari 1660-1670 Profession in Trier, before prior in Freiburg, then prior in Rutila
Georg Moering 1670-1712 * February 14, 1628 in Heiligenstadt, † November 13, 1712
Hugo Otto 1712-1716 * February 7, 1674 in Oberfeld, resignation 1716, † January 28, 1737 in Astheim
Bernardus II. Warmuth 1716-1718 * in Poppenhausen, professed in Würzburg, previously prior in Grünau, then prior in Würzburg, † May 20, 1728
Georgius II floor 1718-1721 * in Hainert, professed in Buxheim, then prior in Buxheim, † November 21, 1744
Kaspar Höpfner 1721-1751 * April 14, 1683 in Neustadt an der Saale , resignation 1751, † December 7, 1756
Francis Mayer 1751-1756 † around 1756
Johannes Stödt 1756 – around 1790 † around 1790
(Nicolaus Albergatus Pütz) 1773 / 1776-1788 also Nikolaus Albertus Büz , resignation
Antonius Hoffmann around 1790–1803 last prior before secularization, † December 9, 1821 in Astheim

Buried the Schwarzenberg family

The coat of arms of the Schwarzenberg family

Since the Charterhouse was founded in 1409, the church has also been used as a burial place for the founders of the Schwarzenberg family. Until their completion, the deceased were buried in another chapel on the monastery grounds. Erkinger I was the first to be buried in the convent church. A total of 23 members of the family are in the church.

Surname Year of death Remarks
Anna 1418 born from Bibra
Gertrud 1428 born Freiin von Kronenberg
Erkinger I. 1437
Barbara 1448 born from Abensberg
Hermann 1448
George 1456
Ulrich 1456
Elisabeth 1467 born Kolowrat
Michael I. 1469
Eve 1498 born from Erbach
Michael II 1499
Johann I. 1460
Sigmund 1502
Kunigunde 1502 born from Rieneck
Margaretha 1503 born von Hutten
Erkinger II. 1503
serious 1519
Sigmund 1529
Anna 1529 born from Fürstenberg
Christoph 1599
Johann 1601
Wolf Jakob 1618
Anton 1764

literature

  • Norbert Backmund: The smaller orders in Bavaria and their monasteries up to secularization. Windberg Monastery 1974.
  • Christa Benedum: The Astheim choir stalls . In: Würzburg diocesan history sheets 40 . Wuerzburg 1978.
  • Christa Benedum, Karl-Peter Büttner, Gerhard Egert, Franz Pfrang, Werner Stahr: Astheim and his Charterhouse . Wuerzburg 1991.
  • Gerhard Egert: Comments on a view of the Astheim Charterhouse around 1500 . In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Our Main Loop. 1978-1992 . Volkach 2008.
  • Gerhard Egert: The Astheim Charterhouse and its rights of use in the Main area . In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Our Main Loop. 1978-1992 . Volkach 2008.
  • James Hogg: The Astheim Charterhouse . In: Michael Koller (Ed.): Carthusians in Franconia (= Church, Art and Culture in Franconia. Volume 5) . Würzburg 1996. pp. 109-118.
  • Jürgen Lenssen: Astheim Charterhouse Museum . In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Our Main Loop. 1993-2007 . Volkach 2008.
  • Georg Link: Monastery Book of the Diocese of Würzburg II .
  • Herbert Meyer: Erkinger von Seinsheim and the Astheim Charterhouse . In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Volkach. 906-2006 . Volkach 2006.
  • Franz Pfrang: The Astheim Charterhouse in the Peasants' War . In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Our Main Loop. 1978-1992 . Volkach 2008.
  • Franz Pfrang: The monastery mill in Astheim . In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Our Main Loop. 1978-1992 . Volkach 2008.
  • Erik Soder v. Güldenstubbe: Astheim , in: Monasticon Cartusiense , ed. by Gerhard Schlegel, James Hogg, Volume 2, Salzburg 2004, 381–388.
  • Friedrich Stöhlker: The Astheim Charterhouse and its residents . In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Our Main Loop. 1978-1992 . Volkach 2008.
  • Karl Treutwein : From Abtswind to Zeilitzheim. History, sights, traditions . Volkach 1987.
  • Michael Wieland: The Karthaus Ostheim and its residents . In: Archive of the historical association of Lower Franconia and Aschaffenburg, Vol. 38 . Würzburg 1896. pp. 1-35.
  • Wolfgang Wieland: Schwarzenberg burial place . In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Our Main Loop. 1993-2007 . Volkach 2008.

Web links

Commons : Kloster Pons Mariae Astheim  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Backmund, Norbert: The smaller orders in Bavaria and their monasteries up to secularization . P. 59.
  2. ^ Treutwein, Karl: From Abtswind to Zeilitzheim . P. 22.
  3. ^ Pfrang, Franz: The Astheim Charterhouse in the Peasants' War . P. 101.
  4. ↑ Koller, Michael (ed.): Carthusians in Franconia . P. 115.
  5. ↑ Benedum, Christa: Astheim and his Charterhouse . P. 42.
  6. ^ Castell culture trail: Astheim , accessed on December 27, 2013.
  7. ↑ Meyer, Herbert: Erkinger von Seinsheim . P. 148.
  8. ^ The museums of the Diocese of Würzburg: Museum Kartause Astheim , accessed on March 25, 2013.
  9. ↑ Geodata:  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Monument number D-6-75-174-161 , accessed on December 28, 2013.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / geodaten.bayern.de
  10. ↑ Geodata:  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Monument number D-6-75-174-158 , accessed on December 28, 2013.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / geodaten.bayern.de
  11. ↑ Geodata:  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Monument number D-6-75-174-162 , accessed on December 28, 2013.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / geodaten.bayern.de
  12. ↑ Benedum, Christa (among others): Astheim and his Charterhouse . P. 21.
  13. ↑ Stöhlker, Friedrich: The Astheim Charterhouse and its residents . P. 62.
  14. ^ Pfrang, Franz: The monastery mill in Astheim . P. 153.
  15. ↑ Benedum, Christa (among others): Astheim and his Charterhouse . P. 118.
  16. ↑ a b Koller, Michael (ed.): Carthusians in Franconia . P. 61.
  17. ^ House of Bavarian History: Mariä-Brück , accessed on January 1, 2014.
  18. ^ Dehio, Georg: Handbook of German art monuments . P. 59.
  19. ↑ Benedum, Christa (among others): Astheim and his Charterhouse . P. 73.
  20. ↑ Benedum, Christa (among others): Astheim and his Charterhouse . P. 70.
  21. ↑ a b c Bauer, Hans: The district of Kitzingen . P. 19.
  22. ↑ a b Dehio, Georg: Handbook of German Art Monuments . P. 60.
  23. ↑ Benedum, Christa (among others): Astheim and his Charterhouse . P. 99.
  24. ^ Pfrang, Franz: The monastery mill in Astheim . P. 155.
  25. ↑ Benedum, Christa (among others): Astheim and his Charterhouse . P. 86.
  26. ↑ See: Benedum, Christa: Das Astheimer Chorgestühl .
  27. ↑ Benedum, Christa (among others): Astheim and his Charterhouse . P. 84.
  28. ^ Treutwein, Karl: From Abtswind to Zeilitzheim . P. 21.
  29. ↑ Benedum, Christa (among others): Astheim and his Charterhouse . P. 114.
  30. ↑ Koller, Michael (ed.): Carthusians in Franconia . P. 109.
  31. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao Wieland, Michael: Die Karthaus Ostheim und their residents . Pp. 13-33.
  32. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Hoog, James: Die Kartause Astheim . Pp. 109-116.
  33. ↑ Benedum, Christa (among others): Astheim and his Charterhouse . P. 93.
  34. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Schwarz, Ignaz: Die Karthaus Astheim . Pp. 12-38.
  35. ^ Egert, Gerhard: The Astheim Charterhouse and its rights of use in the Main area . P. 307.
  36. ↑ a b c d e f g h Stöhlker, Friedrich: The Astheim Charterhouse and its residents . P. 62 f.
  37. ↑ Benedum, Christa (among others): Astheim and his Charterhouse . P. 99.
  38. ^ Egert, Gerhard: Astheim . P. 212.
  39. ^ Egert, Gerhard: The records of the Astheim pastor JG Kantz . P. 82.
  40. ^ Wieland, Wolfgang: Schwarzenberg burial place . P. 228f.

Coordinates: 49 ° 51 '46.4 "  N , 10 ° 13' 0.8"  E