Ochsenfeld (Adelschlag)

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Oxfield
Municipality Adelschlag
Coordinates: 48 ° 50 ′ 40 ″  N , 11 ° 9 ′ 39 ″  E
Height : 465 m
Residents : 742  (2020)
Incorporation : April 1, 1971
Postal code : 85111
Area code : 08421
Oxfield
Ochsenfeld, pond with church

Ochsenfeld is a municipality Adelschlag in Eichstätt in the district of Upper Bavaria .

location

The village is located south of Eichstätt on the plateau of the southern Franconian Jura . There are road connections via Moritzbrunn to the town hall and thus to State Road 2035, via Tempelhof to Eichstätt-Wasserzell and to Biesenhard (community of Wellheim ).

history

Towards the end of the 3rd century there was a first permanent settlement of Germanic tribes for around a hundred years, who smelted iron on the spot. A rare find from this era is an ice skate made from the metatarsus of a horse with holes for binding . A curved gamshorn flute made of reddish clay with four flute holes, which was made around 1450 and is still fully playable, also comes from Ochsenfeld.

In Pappenheimer Urbar 1214 Ochs field is first mentioned; the clearing village of 17 hubs of roughly the same size with post structures was laid out around 1200 by the Eichstätter bishop. A Stillind von Ochsenfeld of the local nobility is mentioned in 1250 as the wife of Ulrich von Dollnstein ; the Burgstall, which can no longer be localized, is mentioned in 1525 and last in 1758. In 1305, in the Gaimersheim Treaty, concluded between the dukes of Bavaria and the Eichstätter bishop, “Ochsenueld” was awarded to the bishop. The place was subordinate to the court box office Eichstätt; Bailiwick, village and community rule exercised the high esteem office of the Landvogtei up to secularization . The Eichstätter collegiate foundation “Our Dear Lady” and the Maltese Coming from Neuburg an der Donau were also wealthy here.

After secularization, Ochsenfeld became Tuscan in 1802 and Bavarian in 1806. In 1808 the tax district Ochsenfeld was formed in the district court (later: district) Eichstätt, to which the pheasantry, Moritzbrunn, the (later abandoned) outer and inner parking garage as well as (the also abandoned) hermitage Wittmes were integrated. The 18th and 19th centuries changed the originally very regularly laid out village in a west-east direction around an anger with new houses.

In 1959 the corridor was cleaned up. In 1966 a war memorial was inaugurated. On April 1, 1971, Ochsenfeld was incorporated into Adelschlag.

A farmhouse from 1455, a timber frame construction, which was demolished and archaeologically examined in 1986 in the center of the village by the village pond, the "Hü", has been rebuilt in the Franconian Open Air Museum in Bad Windsheim . In 1983 the village with 593 inhabitants consisted of eleven full-time agricultural businesses and 23 part-time businesses. In a bank branch that was closed in 2001, a new one was reopened in 2003, two years after the last village shop had closed.

Population development

Year / date Residents
1741 252
1801 37 families
1830 214
1885 292
1912 307
1938 390
1950 517
1961 522
1970 519
1973 512
1983 593
2007 613
2011 700
Baroque interior of the Ochsenfeld Church
Sacrament niche in the Ochsenfeld Church

Catholic parish church of St. Nicholas

The church was built as a typical choir tower church in the late Gothic 1486 under the Eichstätter Bishop Wilhelm von Reichenau , whose coat of arms can be found in the choir room at the foot of the 1.20 m high sacrament niche made of limestone. The church was damaged and looted during the Thirty Years War , and it was restored in 1651. In the 18th century, the interior was baroque and the windows changed. In 1871 the nave was extended to the west. In 1883 the choir vault was raised and a sacristy was added . The four-storey church tower in the east with its saddle roof between stepped gables is still late Gothic in the basement and was raised in 1913. In it hang three bells from 1950 and the smallest one a death bell cast in 1913.

The sacrament niche was surrounded by wall paintings around 1600. "Several good wood carvings" come from the late Gothic; five stand in niches of the neo-Gothic main altar from 1883: St. Nicholas, St. Willibald, St. Walburga, a bishop figure and St. James the Elder. On the side altars from 1728 you can see a late Gothic figure of St. Katharina, on the left a Madonna, both around 1500. A baroque work of art are the Rosary Madonna above the choir arch (around 1700, perhaps by the Eichstatt sculptor Christian Handschuher ) and four busts of church fathers (1720–1730) next to the side altars. The three ceiling paintings in the old part of the nave have stucco frames and date from the early 18th century. The organ (681 pipes) was made in 1996 by the organ building company Sandtner in Dillingen . The Christmas crib from 1998 consists of some older South Tyrolean figures.

In 1985 the church was renovated inside and out. The two-storey rectory with a mansard roof , which stands next to the church , was built in 1798 by Domenico Maria Salle . In 1983 a parish and youth home was built in the parish garden.

The parish kindergarten St. Nikolaus has been in operation since 1990. On the road to Moritzbrunn there is a path chapel with an icon of Mary . The field cross "Reichertkreuz", restored in 1996, stands between Ochsenfeld and Tempelhof . The parish also includes Biesenhard, 3 km away, with the Church of St. John the Baptist and 271 Catholics in 2007.

literature

  • M. Bacherler: The field names of the community Ochsenfeld . In: Heimgarten, supplement of the Eichstätter Volkszeitung , 1925, No. 34f.
  • Felix Mader (editor): The art monuments of Middle Franconia. II Eichstätt District Office. Munich: R. Oldenbourg Verlag 1928 (reprint Munich, Vienna 1982), pp. 251-254
  • Gerhard Hirschmann: Historical Atlas of Bavaria. Franken series I issue 6: Eichstätt , Munich 1959. See
  • Oxfield . In: Karl Zecherle: Churches and monasteries in the Eichstätt district . Eichstätt: District of Eichstätt 1983, p. 86f.
  • The Eichstätter area past and present . Eichstätt: Sparkasse 1984, p. 163
  • The bone ice skate of the primal ox field . In: Eichstätter Kurier from April 15, 1998
  • Konrad Held: a village of rare beauty. The farmer's patron saint St. Nicholas is the patron saint of Ochsenfeld . In: Church newspaper for the Diocese of Eichstätt , No. 35 of September 1, 2002, p. 18
  • Thomas Fischer: Excavations in the area of ​​a medieval-modern farmhouse in Ochsenfeld, Gde. Adelschlag, Lkr. Eichstätt, Obb . In: Mitt. Of the Friends of Bavarian Pre- and Early History , No. 42 (1986)
  • Thomas Fischer: Excavations in the area of ​​a medieval-modern farmhouse in Ochsenfeld, Gde. Adelschlag, Lkr. Eichstätt, Obb . In: Excavations and finds in Altbayern 1985/86. Exhibition catalog Gäubodenmuseum Straubing (1986), pp. 99–101
  • Thomas Fischer: Excavations in the area of ​​a medieval-modern farmhouse in Ochsenfeld, Gde. Adelschlag, Lkr. Eichstätt, Obb . In: Franken under one roof , 9 (1986), pp. 70f.
  • Birgit Münz: The ceramics from a farmhouse in Ochsenfeld, district of Eichstätt . Bamberg 1991 (Master's thesis)
  • Konrad Bedal: semi-detached house from Ochsenfeld . In: Das Jura-Haus , 6 (2000/2001), pp. 52–62

Personalities

  • Bernd Bredendiek, poet, * 1965 in Essen, resident in Ochsenfeld, see

Web links

Commons : Ochsenfeld (Adelschlag)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Archäologie Aktuell 15 ( Memento from September 28, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
  2. ↑ Eichstätter Kurier of April 15, 1998.
  3. ↑ Bedal, p. 54.
  4. ^ Bedal, p. 52.
  5. ↑ Collection sheet HV Eichstätt 92/93 (1999/2000), p. 289.
  6. ↑ C. H. de Lang: Regesta Boicarum Autographa ... , Vol. V., Munich 1836, p. 89.
  7. ↑ Historical Atlas, p. 129.
  8. ↑ Historical Atlas, p. 197.
  9. ^ Bedal, p. 52.
  10. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 456 .
  11. ↑ Excavations in the area of ​​a medieval - modern farmhouse in Ochsenfeld ( Memento from August 5, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ), messages from the Friends of Bavarian Pre- and Early History, No. 42, 1986
  12. ↑ The Eichstätter Room, p. 257.
  13. ↑ Held, p. 18.
  14. ↑ a b Zecherle, p. 86.
  15. ↑ Mader, p. 251.
  16. ↑ Mader, p. 253.
  17. ↑ Mader, p. 252.
  18. ↑ Mader, p. 254.
  19. ↑ Cesare Santi: Domenico Maria Sala. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . February 21, 2011 , accessed June 7, 2019 .
  20. ↑ The Eichstätter Room, p. 257.
  21. ↑ Schematism of the Diocese of Eichstätt 2007, p. 100.
  22. ↑ Historical Atlas of Bavaria - hit list
  23. ↑ Bernd Bredendiek