Wellheim

The title of this article is ambiguous. Further meanings are listed under Wellheim (disambiguation) .

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 48 ° 49 '  N , 11 ° 5'  E
Basic data
State :	Bavaria
Administrative region :	Upper Bavaria
County :	Eichstatt
Height :	400 m above sea level NHN
Area :	33.81 km 2
Residents:	2690 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	80 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	91809
Area code :	08427
License plate :	EGG
Community key :	09 1 76 166
Market structure:	8 parts of the community
Market administration address :	Marktplatz 2 91809 Wellheim
Website :	www.wellheim.de
Mayor :	Robert Husterer ( CSU )
Location of the Wellheim market in the Eichstätt district

Wellheim ( dialect Wöiha ) is a market in the Upper Bavarian district of Eichstätt .

geography

View of Wellheim

Wellheim from the southeast

The place lies roughly in the middle of the Wellheimer dry valley named after him , a primeval Danube valley, south of Dollnstein and north of Rennertshofen . The Schutter , which flows into the Danube in Ingolstadt, rises from several sources .

Market structure

The municipality has eight officially named municipality parts (the type of settlement is indicated in brackets ):

Aicha (village) Espenlohe ( wasteland ) Biesenhard ( Kirchdorf ) Gammersfeld (Kirchdorf)

Hard (Kirchdorf) Konstein (Kirchdorf) Wellheim (main town) Wielandshöfe (wasteland)

Neighboring places and communities

Mörnsheim	Dollnstein	Ochsenfeld (Adelschlag)
		Nassenfels
	Rennertshofen	Bergen ( Neuburg an der Donau )

history

Until the church is planted

Wellheim was first mentioned in 1121 with the local nobility. In the dispute over the inheritance of the Hirschberg inheritance after the death of Count Gebhard VII (1305), Wellheim came to the Counts of Oettingen in 1309 together with Dollnstein , who sold their property to the Lords of Heideck in 1360 . At this time at the latest, the place was raised to the market. In 1393 the Heidecker sold the patronage rights over the parish Wellheim to the monastery Kaisheim . In 1448, following a feud as spoils of war , the rule was handed over to the Margrave of Ansbach-Brandenburg Albrecht Achilles , who enfeoffed Hipolyt von Seckendorff with it. He sold the rule so that Wellheim was owned by the Counts of Helfenstein from 1458 to 1627 . In 1525 the lawyer and peasant leader Zacharias Krell seized the castle with cunning. Krell was shot dead during the siege of the castle by the Neuburger in the same year.

In 1548 the place became Protestant after the sovereign, Count Sebastian von Helfenstein, converted to the Protestant church. In 1567 Wellheim returned to Catholicism with his brother Sebastian. In 1627 the place came to the Counts of Oettingen-Baldern by marriage .

In the Thirty Years War Wellheim was spared the first invasion of Sweden, but in August 1646 the Swedes invaded. The few residents of Wellheim fled to Neuburg an der Donau, did not return until the following year and immediately had to flee from the Swedes again (until 1648).

In 1681 Wellheim became a margravial-Ansbachian and two years later it was sold to a prince-bishopric-eichstättisch. From 1683 the place was a seat of Pflegamts Hochstift Eichstaett , which in 1803 with most of the high pin in favor of the Duchy of Salzburg of Archduke Ferdinand of Tuscany secularized was. Since the peace treaties of Brno and Pressburg in 1805, the place has belonged to the Kingdom of Bavaria . In 1818, the Bavarian municipal edict created today's political municipality, which has belonged to the Upper Bavarian district of Eichstätt since the regional reform in 1972 .

20th century

Wellheim is a state-approved resort in the Altmühltal Nature Park .

In the municipality of Aicha, there is evidence of a grave field from the Middle Bronze Age (1600–1200 BC) comprising around 80 burial mounds ; some of the graves, some of which were used several times over a longer period of time, were explored during excavations in 1982/1983 and 1996.

Wellheim owned a train station on the Dollnstein – Rennertshofen railway, which opened in 1916, was used until 1993 and completely dismantled until 2000 .

Incorporations

On January 1, 1971, the previously independent communities Gammersfeld and Hard were incorporated. On May 1, 1978 Konstein was added.

Population development

Between 1988 and 2018 the market grew from 2,479 to 2,732 by 253 inhabitants or by 10.2%.

Population development
year	1961	1970	1987	1991	1995	2000	2005	2010	2015
Residents	2440	2493	2452	2705	2736	2739	2754	2635	2700

politics

Market council

Wellheim's market council has 14 members. The local election on March 15, 2020 resulted in the following cast:

• CSU : 6 seats (44.59%)
• SPD : 3 seats (21.23%)
• Free electorate Wellheim : 5 seats (34.19%).

Compared to the 2014–2020 term of office, the CSU and SPD each had to surrender one mandate, and the free electorate gained two additional seats.

In 2020, the turnout was 69.96%.

mayor

Mayor has been Robert Husterer (CSU) since May 1, 2008; he was elected for another six years on March 15, 2020 with 58.72% of the vote.

coat of arms

The description of the coat of arms, which has been in use since the 15th century, reads: "In silver on a green ground, a jumping, gold-armored red horse."

Culture and sights

On September 21, 2011, the eight municipalities of Dollnstein , Wellheim, Nassenfels , Egweil , Oberhausen , Burgheim , Rennertshofen and Neuburg an der Donau formed the ARGE Urdonautal , a working group whose purpose is to promote and coordinate tourism in the Urdonautal.

Buildings

Wellheim, church and rectory.

Above the village stands Wellheim Castle , which dates back to the 12th century and has fallen into disrepair since the 18th century, on a jagged Jura rock; the keep is best preserved.

The substructure of the tower of the Catholic parish church of St. Andrew and parts of the south wall come from the previous church of the 11th / 12th. Century, which was canceled around 1618. The church was rebuilt in the Baroque style around 1700, probably according to plans by Eichstätter Hofbaumeister Jakob Engel , consecrated on December 12, 1701 and extended to the west in 1945. Shortly before 1900 the tower received the onion dome with a lantern. The high altar and side altars are baroque (around 1700); the altarpiece from this period shows the martyrdom of the church patron. The baroque stucco, probably the earliest work by the Eichstätt plasterer Jakob Egg , frames the ceiling painting from 1700, in the nave shows the central image of the Assumption of the Virgin . In the western part, the modern ceiling design comes from the painter and restorer Franz Kugelmann from Kleinaitingen . There are baroque paintings on the balustrade of the gallery. The richly decorated high altar with Andreas painting and the two side altars (with 19th century Nazarenes by Gorg Lang from Deining ) date from 1700/1701; The pulpit, which is richly carved, is also baroque. In addition to numerous baroque figures, such as Saint Walburga , Sebastian , Joachim , Katharina , Anna with Maria, the church houses baroque-era pews and various epitaphs . Next to the church is a baroque parsonage, built between 1709 and 1712. The parish belongs to the diocese of Augsburg . Instead of tombstones, only wooden crosses may be placed in the cemetery.

The Kreuzelberg chapel, located southeast of Wellheim on dolomite rocks, was built in the Baroque period in 1654; shortly afterwards a hermit settled there. Hermits can still be found until 1790. It is a small hall church with an open chapel to the south. Inside there is stucco in Regency style (1720–1730) and baroque painting in medallions.

The former brewery bears the coat of arms marked 1722 ( Obereichstätter Guss) of Eichstätter Prince-Bishop Johann Anton I. Knebel von Katzenelnbogen .

While the eastern gatehouse was demolished in 1719, the western one has been preserved. There is a local museum in it.

See also : List of architectural monuments in Wellheim

Protected areas

Landscape and Natura2000 protected areas

Wellheim's Castle Hill

Schutter spring on the Galgenberg

The jackdaw rock near Konstein

Large parts of the municipality are in the nature reserve protection zone in the Altmühltal nature park (LSG-00565.01, WDPA-396115) and the Natura2000 areas of the Middle Altmühltal with Wellheimer Trockenental and Schambachtal (FFH area 7132-371, WDPA-555521819), Galgenberg and Schutterquelle (FFH- Schutterquelle Area 7132-372, WDPA-555521820) and rocks and hillside forests in the Altmühltal and Wellheimer Trockenental (EU bird sanctuary 7132-471, WDPA-555537875).

Geotopes

There are ten geotopes designated by the Bavarian State Office for the Environment in the municipality :

• Jackdaw rocks near Konstein , a 35 meter high rock tower
• Rock castle with cave ruins at the Wielandshöfen , a rock castle with a karst cave
• Wellheimer dry valley , a 9 km long dry valley
• Old castle rocks of Aicha , a rock castle
• Galgenberg near Wellheim on the Galgenberg ( 446.5  m ), a 50 meter high circular mountain of the Urdonau
• Schloßberg in Wellheim with a rock gate , a rock castle with a natural karst bridge
• Schutter source , a karst spring as a natural monument designated
• Kreuzelbergfelsen , a rock tower
• Chalk outcrop in Wellheimer Oberholz , a former quarry.
• Aicha rock group , a rock group with karst caves.

See also : List of geotopes in the Eichstätt district

Economy and Infrastructure

According to official statistics, there were 6 employees at the place of work in the field of agriculture and forestry, 75 in the manufacturing sector and 52 in trade and transport. In other economic sectors, 79 people were employed at the place of work subject to social security contributions. There were a total of 938 employees at the place of residence subject to social security contributions. There was 1 company in the manufacturing sector and 2 companies in the main construction sector. In addition, in 1999 there were 47 farms with an agricultural area of ​​1084 ha, of which 801 ha were arable land.

The municipal tax receipts in 1999 amounted to the equivalent of 1,090,000 euros, of which the trade tax income (net) amounted to the equivalent of 106,000 euros.

education

The following institutions exist (as of 2017):

• Day care center: 104 kindergarten places with 102 children
• Primary school: 1 with 10 teachers and 110 students

literature

• Wellheim castle ruins . In: Castles and Palaces . Hercynia, Kipfenberg 1983, pp. 50f.
• Wellheim. In: Fritz Heidingsfelder (introduction), Felix Mader (ed.), Kurt Müllerklein (illustrations): Die Kunstdenkmäler von Mittelfranken. Eichstätt District Office. Volume 5, Issue 2, Munich 1928. Reprint: Oldenbourg, Munich / Vienna 1982, pp. 348–358.
• Wellheim Market . In: Hans Baier (Ed.): The Eichstätter space in past and present . Stadt und Kreissparkasse Eichstätt 1984, p. 300f.
• Bert Braun: Chronicle of the market town of Wellheim . With the districts of Konstein, Bieshenard, Gammerfeld and Hard. Braun self-published, Spardorf 1981.
• Christina Grimminger, Edmund Hausfelder, Achim Bunz (photos): The churches of the parish of Wellheim . Fink, Lindenberg 2002, ISBN 3-89870-062-3 .
• Heinz means (ed.): Legends and stories from the Urdonautal. (collected from ancient writings and oral tradition and illustrated by children from the area), Mittel Selbstverlag, Ingolstadt 1978.
• Heinz Mittel: Guide through the Wellheim Valley and its history . Hikes in the Wellheim Valley. Mittel Selbstverlag, Ingolstadt 1981.
• Karl Zecherle, Toni Murböck, District of Eichstätt (ed.): Nature worth seeing in the district of Eichstätt . District of Eichstätt, Eichstätt 1982, pp. 60-70.

Web links

Commons : Wellheim  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Entry on the coat of arms of Wellheim  in the database of the House of Bavarian History

• Wellheim: Official statistics of the LfStat
• Information about Wellheim and the surrounding area

Individual evidence

1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ^ Community Wellheim in the local database of the Bavarian State Library Online . Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, accessed on September 13, 2019.
3. ↑ Historical Atlas Bavaria: Franconia Series 1 Issue 6: Eichstätt, page 32
4. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 456 .
5. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 599 .
6. ↑ Protection zone in the "Altmühltal" nature park , protectedplanet.net, accessed on December 23, 2015
7. ↑ reserves Wellheim , geodienste.bfn.de, accessed on 23 December 2015
8. ↑ Official municipality statistics. (PDF) pp. 13, 14