Nassenfels

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the Nassenfels market
Nassenfels
Map of Germany, position of the Nassenfels market highlighted

Coordinates: 48 ° 48 '  N , 11 ° 14'  E

Basic data
State : Bavaria
Administrative region : Upper Bavaria
County : Eichstatt
Management Community : Nassenfels
Height : 400 m above sea level NHN
Area : 18.43 km 2
Residents: 2242 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 122 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 85128
Area code : 08424
License plate : EGG
Community key : 09 1 76 149
Market structure: 8 parts of the community

Market administration address : 		Schulstr. 9
85128 Nassenfels
Website : www.nassenfels.de
Mayor : Thomas Hollinger (CSU / Free Voters)
Location of the Nassenfels market in the Eichstätt district
Landkreis Donau-Ries Landkreis Roth Landkreis Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen Landkreis Neumarkt in der Oberpfalz Landkreis Regensburg Landkreis Kelheim Landkreis Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm Landkreis Neuburg-Schrobenhausen Ingolstadt Haunstetter Forst Adelschlag Altmannstein Beilngries Böhmfeld Buxheim (Oberbayern) Denkendorf (Oberbayern) Dollnstein Egweil Eichstätt Eitensheim Gaimersheim Großmehring Hepberg Hitzhofen Kinding Kipfenberg Kösching Lenting Mindelstetten Mörnsheim Nassenfels Oberdolling Pollenfeld Pförring Schernfeld Stammham (bei Ingolstadt) Titting Walting Wellheim Wettstettenmap
About this picture

Nassenfels is a market in the Upper Bavarian district of Eichstätt and the seat of the administrative community of the same name , to which the communities Adelschlag and Egweil also belong.

geography

The place is about 15 kilometers west of Ingolstadt , 9 km north of Neuburg and 13 kilometers south of Eichstätt in the Schuttertal on the edge of the Altmühltal nature park .

structure

The municipality consists of three districts and has eight officially named municipality parts (the type of settlement is indicated in brackets ):

Neighboring places and communities

Biesenhard ( Wellheim ) Möckenlohe ( Adelschlag )
Neighboring communities Buxheim
Bergen ( Neuburg an der Donau )
Attenfeld ( Bergheim ) 		Egweil Pettenhofen ( Ingolstadt )

history

Until the 19th century

The Nassenfelser area was already visited by the people of the Stone Age . On the Jura plateau of the Speckberg near Nassenfels, the largest Paleolithic open-air station in southern Germany was excavated from 1963 . During the investigation of a 3000 square meter area in the "Maueräcker" corridor, led by the archaeologist Anneli O'Neill, in autumn 2010, in addition to the expected civil post-castle findings from the early 2nd to 3rd centuries AD, Iron Age pit houses and two Tombs from the time of the bell jar come to light. Their equipment included a stone arm protection plate, flint arrowheads and carefully crafted ceramics.

The place goes back to the Nassenfels earth fort, founded by the Romans around 90 AD in the province of Raetia . With this foundation, the associated civil camp village, the vicus, was also created . The wood-earth store was abandoned, leveled and released for civil development at the latest by the beginning of the 2nd century. The regionally important business location Vicus Scuttarensium developed from the camp village at the intersection of two trade routes, which on the one hand connected the Germania magna across the Donausüdstraße with the Raetian provincial capital Augsburg and on the other served important border towns along the Raetian Limes . The name "Scuttarensium" was derived from the Latin name of the river Schutter - Scutara - which was handed down in the early Middle Ages and which is probably of Celtic origin. The flowering of the vicus is evidenced by a large number of stone monuments from the 2nd and 3rd centuries.

After the Alamamanneneinfällen and the Limes case to 259-260 n. Chr. Deserted the abandoned by the Romans trade and craft town. In the early Middle Ages, there were new settlements on the fringes of the Roman building remains. During the construction of the recycling center in 2013, twelve mining houses from the Carolingian era were uncovered. In the ruins of a formerly important Roman villa at the other end of the village in the Krautgartenfeld corridor, resettlement began in the 7th century. Among other things, pit houses and wells were built within the remains of the ancient building. Further excavations in the Krautgartenfeld yielded an early medieval church around seven by twelve meters. There were also outbuildings and a cemetery. In the 10th century the settlement of this place broke off to the present day. Under the 11/12 In the 19th century, the predecessor of the St. Nicholas Chapel, which was redesigned in baroque style in 1726, probably the former parish church, housed three Merovingian burials .

The current place name was taken from Nassenfels Castle and appears for the first time in a document from 1189; the beginnings of the castle go back to the 11th century. Until about 1300 the castle was owned by the local nobility as the Eichstättische ministerial . After that, episcopal nurses and casters of noble origin sat here , who administered the southernmost administrative district of the Hochstift Eichstätt until the exemption from office in 1802 in the course of secularization .

After an electoral Salzburg rent office had been set up from 1804 to 1806 , the Bavarian state then sold the castle as the new owner to private individuals, thereby sealing its decline. For decades it served as a "quarry", including the St. Wolfgang castle chapel, which was profaned in 1808 . In 1834 twelve families lived in nine houses in Burgarael, three of them in the stately box house, which was otherwise used for agriculture and which burned down in 1932 as a result of lightning.

20th and 21st centuries

In 1976 and again in 1983, buildings of a large-scale " Villa rustica " were discovered from the air on the western outskirts of Nassenfels and later excavated; the area with the main and two ancillary buildings was surrounded by 80 centimeters thick, up to one meter high, quarry stone walls over 1000 meters long, made using two-shell technology . In terms of its dimensions, the Nassenfelser complex, built around 200 AD, clearly stands out from other Roman country villas.

Towards the end of the Second World War there was fighting between Germans and Americans in Zell an der Speck.

Incorporations

On April 1, 1971, the previously independent communities Meilenhofen and Wolkertshofen were incorporated.

Population development

Between 1988 and 2018 the market grew from 1,403 to 2,220 by 817 inhabitants or 58.2%.

politics

Market council

By exceeding the mark of 2000 inhabitants, the municipal council has 14 members for the first time, who were elected in the local elections on March 15, 2020 . From the two additional seats in the municipal council, each of the two nominations was able to win a mandate. The election result is:

The turnout was 77.70%.

mayor

Mayor has been Thomas Hollinger since May 1, 2014 as a joint candidate of the CSU and Free Voters; he was confirmed in office on March 15, 2020, again as a candidate for both nominees, with 71.44% of the votes for a further six years. Previously, Andreas Husterer (1996–2014) and Peter Hecker were mayors for many years.

coat of arms

The description reads: "Three red rocks next to each other above silver waves in gold, the middle of which is covered with an upright, growing silver bishop's staff."

Community partnerships

Sister cities of Nassenfels are Fladungen in the Lower Franconian district of Rhön-Grabfeld and Anina in Romania.

Culture and sights

Buildings

Nassenfels Castle
The Church of St. Nicholas in Nassenfels
The Speckberg near Nassenfels

Although the market town has more of a village character, it has an impressive landmark with the ruins of the Gothic Nassenfels Castle . This, on a Jurassic coral reef , is made up of remains of the medieval castle, three towers with surrounding defensive walls, a mighty keep and small Jura houses. The “Nassenfels Castle Culture Days” have been taking place in the castle area since 2005.

The baroque parish church of St. Nikolaus, rebuilt in 1739 by Gabriel de Gabrieli from Graubünden , with a tower from 1763/64, is remarkable for its rich furnishings and ceiling paintings. A Roman inscription stone is walled in in the anteroom, which gives the Roman place name vicus Scutt (arensis) .

A visit to the St. Nicholas Chapel, newly built in 1726, with its baroque furnishings is also recommended. It is picturesquely located northeast of the village between chestnut trees and surrounded by greenery.

Natural monuments

Finds from the Paleolithic, Middle and Neolithic Ages were made on the Speckberg, west of the town, with its steppe heather landscape .

When sagenumrankten Gleßbrunnen the municipal part Wolkertshofen is four to six meters deep, with clear Karst water filled pond in Schutter Moss, the summer and winter, from a great depth of equal temperament (10 degrees) under high artesian pressure fed stationary sources. The water, always shimmering light blue, is of very good quality. A rare type of water strider lives on the spring water , the water witches as relics of the Ice Age. Some rare plants grow in the boggy area around the springs.

Regular events

Every year a one-week event, the so-called culture days, takes place in the Nassenfelser Burg.

Economy and Infrastructure

tourism

On September 21, 2011, the eight municipalities of Dollnstein , Wellheim , Nassenfels, Egweil, Oberhausen , Burgheim , Rennertshofen and Neuburg an der Donau formed ARGE Urdonautal , a working group whose purpose is to promote and coordinate tourism in the Urdonautal .

traffic

Nassenfels is centrally located between the three cities of Ingolstadt, Eichstätt and Neuburg an der Donau. A state road and several district roads meet in Nassenfels. The place is easy to reach.

literature

Web links

Commons : Nassenfels  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Nassenfels in the Topographia Franconiae (Mathäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ↑ Bavaria Atlas of the Bavarian State Government ( notes )
  3. ^ Community Wolferstadt in the local database of the Bayerische Landesbibliothek Online . Bavarian State Library, accessed on September 14, 2019.
  4. ^ Ua: Friedbert Ficker: The paleolithic open-air station Speckberg near Nassenfels . In: Historische Blätter für Stadt und Landkreis Eichstätt 18, 1969, pp. 9–12; Explorations in the palaeolithic open-air station “Speckberg” . In: Bavarian history sheets 31, 1966, pp. 1–33.
  5. ↑ Anneli O'Neill: Two bell-shaped graves in Nassenfels . In: The archaeological year in Bavaria 2010 (2011), pp. 37–38.
  6. ↑ Thomas Fischer, Erika Riedmeier-Fischer: The Roman Limes in Bavaria. Pustet, Regensburg 2008. ISBN 978-3-7917-2120-0 , pp. 186–187 (with ill.).
  7. ↑ Karlheinz Dietz : Comments on inscriptions from Nassenfels, district of Eichstätt, Upper Bavaria . In: Bavarian History Leaves 71 (2006), pp. 36–37; here: p. 34.
  8. ↑ Hans Bauer: Schwabmünchen. Historical Atlas of Bavaria . Part Schwaben, series I, issue 15. Edited by the Commission for Bavarian State History at the Academy of Sciences, Laßleben, Munich 1994, ISBN 3-7696-9947-5 , p. 15.
  9. ↑ Jochen Haberstroh : Vicus, Villa and Curtis? Excavations in the villa rustica of Nassenfels . In: The Archaeological Year in Bavaria 2004, pp. 116–119; here: p. 116.
  10. ^ Guided tour of the excavation , Donaukurier, April 26, 2013
  11. ↑ Jochen Haberstroh: Vicus, Villa and Curtis? Excavations in the villa rustica of Nassenfels . In: The Archaeological Year in Bavaria 2004, pp. 116–119; here: pp. 117–118.
  12. ↑ Daniel Funk: Unique treasure in the ground. State Office for Monument Preservation is critical of the expansion of “Krautgartenfeld” in Nassenfels . Donaukurier, December 1, 2015
  13. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 456 .