Oskar Stylish

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Oskar Stillich (born September 26, 1872 in Metschlau, Sprottau district , † 1945 or earlier, place and time unknown) was a German national and social economist and pacifist .

Life

Ernst Gotthold Oskar Stillich was born in the Prussian administrative district of Liegnitz in the rural community of Metschlau. From 1882 to 1890 he attended the secondary school in the district town of Sprottau and then completed a two-year agricultural apprenticeship. After completing his training, he stayed in the district and worked as a manager of an estate . In 1893 he began studying economics at the University of Leipzig and received his doctorate there in 1896 with the dissertation: On the influence of the work of the cows on the amount and composition of milk . In his scientific work, he initially dealt mainly with agricultural issues, e.g. B. with analyzes of the “nitrogen-based fertilizer use” or the “English agricultural crisis, its causes and course”. His attention was increasingly directed towards the social and political context in the industrial society of the German Empire . In 1898 he published the results of a field research on the " home industry in the Meininger Oberland " and in 1902 a study on the situation of " female servants in Berlin". His next subject area was industrial enterprises and the cartel system in the steel industry and in coal mining . From the middle of the first decade of the 20th century he researched the functioning of the banking system and the social and economic role of political parties .

His left-liberal attitude and his socially critical analyzes of economic and social conditions made him an outsider among academics during the imperial era. As an opponent of Wilhelmine militarism , he took a pacifist stance, so that despite his widely recognized reputation as a political economist, he was not appointed to a chair. He worked as an honorary professor and private lecturer at the “ Humboldt Academy ” and at the “Freie Hochschule” in Berlin .

Oskar Stillich saw the German defeat in the First World War as a logical result of the global hubris of Wilhelminism before the outbreak of war. In 1922 he published a “Catechism of the Peace Treaty for Youth and the People” in accordance with the Association of Resolute School Reformers , which he supported with lectures and publications. Alongside Ludwig Quidde , he was one of the few notable voices in the Weimar Republic who defended the legitimacy of the Versailles Peace Treaty, bearing in mind the annexationist German war aims and saw in it the chance for a peaceful and democratic future. From the point of view of the German national and National Socialist opponents of democracy, he joined the “ November criminals ”.

After the seizure of power, Oskar Stillich was banned from teaching, his books were banned and he was banned from writing. As a private scholar he went into internal emigration and no longer appeared in public from 1933. His name was last mentioned in 1935 - probably by mistake - in Kürschner's German Scholars Calendar .

“Neither a date of death nor his whereabouts can be determined. He was probably killed by the Nazis because his materialistic view of history and his republican outlook contradicted the ideas of the regime. A fragmentary legacy in the Institute for Contemporary History contains some incomplete manuscripts of this type. ”These works have not been noted for a long time since 1945 and only published in 2013 by the economic and social historian Toni Pierenkemper in the articles on “ History of the Economy, Volume 42 ” .

German Volkischer Catechism

Only three volumes of the Deutschvölkisch catechism , which is laid out in five volumes, have been published so far. In particular, the “meaningfulness and action functions” of the German-national movement are worked out.

In the “Deutschvölkischen Catechism” of 1931, Oskar Stillich wrote: “ In distant times [...] one will certainly read with boundless astonishment about the existence of the German Volkish associations and organizations and their views [...] One might be inclined to believe that it is happening [...] about fantasy products. The organizations discussed here are time-dependent; they are temporary phenomena. “A year later these“ temporary phenomena ”came to power under the leadership of the NSDAP and took revenge.

Banned from publication by the Nazis, during the phase of his inner emigration he was able to use a pseudonym to make transparent the German nationalist goal of “creating a world view that is genuine to the race” and the “plurality of ethnic forms of belief”. According to Uwe Puschner , it is difficult to speak of an independent, genuinely ethnic worldview or even a religious community on the basis of Stillich's work. Puschner plans to edit the previously unpublished manuscripts of Stillich's last two volumes and thus make them accessible to research.

Fonts (selection)

  • About the influence of the work of the cows on the amount and composition of the milk , Dissertation - Thesis (doctoral) - University of Leipzig, H. Voigt, Leipzig 1896, OCLC 52162589 ( online ).
  • The English Agricultural Crisis: Its Extent, Causes, and Remedies . Gustav Fischer, Jena 1899, OCLC 476597617 .
  • The toy house industry of the Meininger Oberland . Gustav Fischer, Jena 1899, OCLC 260041501
  • The situation of the female servants in Berlin. Edelheim, Berlin / Bern 1902, DNB 363662375 .
  • Iron and steel industry (= economic research in the field of large-scale industrial enterprise, Volume 1) Franz Siemeroth, Berlin 1904, OCLC 631629843 .
  • Hard coal industry (= economic research in the field of large-scale industrial enterprises, Volume 2) Jäh & Schunke, Leipzig 1906, OCLC 16399750 .
  • Money and banking . A textbook and reading book. Publishing house K. Curtius, Berlin 1909
  • The stock exchange and its business . Publishing house K. Curtius, Berlin 1909
  • The political parties in Germany . Verlag W. Klinkhardt, Leipzig, 1908/11
    • Volume I: The Conservatives . (1908)
    • Volume II: Liberalism . (1911)
  • Social structural changes in banking . Volkswirtschaftlicher Verlag, Berlin 1916
  • Germany's future with a power and legal peace . (Co-author: Otto Hue , foreword and afterword by Ludwig Quidde), Verlag Naturwissenschaften, Leipzig 1918
  • National bankruptcy and asset rescue . Zeitfragen, Berlin 1920
  • The Versailles Peace Treaty as reflected in German war aims . (A sociological consideration of: methods of combating it, its opponents, its legal character, its material feasibility, its influence on the redesign of the world.), Verlag O. Wachsen, Berlin 1921
  • Catechism of the Peace Treaty for Youth and People . (For use in elementary, middle and high schools), Verlag Friede und Recht, Ludwigsburg 1922
  • Introduction to economics. Verlag Kabelitz & Mönnich, Leipzig (1922–1927)
    • Volume I: Introduction .
    • Volume II: Theory of Production .
    • Volume III: Theory of Exchange .
    • Volume IV: Theory of Distribution .
  • The free money . A criticism . Industriebeamten-Verlag, Berlin 1923
  • The monetary system . (Handbook of Money, Banking and Stock Exchange Volume 1), Verlag GA Gloeckner, Leipzig 1924
  • The banks and their businesses . (Handbook of Money, Banking and Stock Exchange Volume 2), Verlag GA Gloeckner, Leipzig 1924
  • The solution of the social question through the reform of inheritance law . (= Cultural and contemporary issues - a series of publications, issue 16), Ernst Oldenburg, Leipzig 1924
  • Germany as the winner! . Ernst Oldenburg, Leipzig 1924
  • Systems of exploitation . Book series: The Trade Union School Volume 2; Thuringian Publishing House, Jena 1925
  • German Volkischer Catechism . 3 volumes; Ernst Oldenburg, Leipzig / Berlin 1929–1932

swell

  • Ludwig Quidde: German pacifism during the world war 1914-1918 . (Eds. Karl Holl / Helmut Donat ), Verlag Boldt, Boppard am Rhein, 1979, ISBN 3-7646-1647-4
  • Toni Pierenkemper (Ed.): Company history . Book series: Basic Texts History Volume 7; Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 2011, ISBN 978-3-515-09385-9
  • Toni Pierenkemper: Oskar Stillich (1872–1945): agricultural economist, economist, sociologist . Book series: History of the German-speaking Economy Volume 42; Metropolis Verlag for Economics, Society and Politics, Weimar ad Lahn 2013, ISBN 978-3-7316-1024-3

Web links

Footnotes

  1. ↑ See e.g. B. Oskar Stillich / Paul Oestreich : Away with the VDA from schools! Publishing house for the German people, Breslau 1930
  2. ↑ Oskar Stillich uses the term "catechism" in the sense of "manual for teachers and learners".
  3. ^ Salomon Grumbach : The annexionist Germany: A collection of documents 1914-1918. (= History & Peace series, ed. Helmut Donat ), Donat Verlag, Bremen 2017, ISBN 9783943425345 .
  4. ^ Toni Pierenkemper (Ed.): Company history . Book series: Basic Texts History Volume 7, Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 2011, p. 23f ISBN 978-3-515-09385-9
  5. ↑ What did the Germans believe 1933-1945? A new perspective on the relationship between religion and politics under National Socialism (last accessed on March 17, 2019)
personal data
SURNAME Stylish, Oskar
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Stylish, Ernst Gotthold Oscar
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German economist, sociologist and pacifist
DATE OF BIRTH September 26, 1872
PLACE OF BIRTH Metschlau, Sprottau district
DATE OF DEATH 1945