Otterbach (Michelsbach)
Otterbach | ||
Course of the Otterbach (below) |
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Data | ||
Water code | DE : 237522 | |
location | Germany | |
River system | Rhine | |
Drain over | Michelsbach → Rhine → North Sea | |
source | northeast of Guttenberg Castle 49 ° 4 ′ 53 ″ N , 7 ° 55 ′ 52 ″ E |
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Source height | 283 m above sea level NHN | |
muzzle | in Leimersheim in Fischmal Coordinates: 49 ° 7 '25 " N , 8 ° 21' 6" E 49 ° 7 '25 " N , 8 ° 21' 6" E |
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Mouth height | 97 m above sea level NHN | |
Height difference | 186 m | |
Bottom slope | 4.4 ‰ | |
length | 42.2 km | |
Catchment area | 119.158 km² | |
Left tributaries | s. Section tributaries | |
Right tributaries | s. Section tributaries | |
Small towns | Kandel , Wörth am Rhein | |
Communities | Oberotterbach , Niederotterbach , Vollmersweiler , Freckenfeld , Minfeld , Jockgrim , Neupotz , Leimersheim | |
Residents in the catchment area | 120,000 | |
Otterbach near Neupotz, from the left the Wattbach |
The Otterbach is a 42 km long stream and the right source river of the Michelsbach in Rhineland-Palatinate . It flows along its entire length through the southern Palatinate .
Surname
The brook name is derived - like numerous corresponding compositions in German-speaking countries - from the marten species otter , which is still sometimes found in Central Europe today.
geography
course
The Otterbach rises in the Upper Mundat Forest , which is located in the southeast of the Wasgau in southern Palatinate , the southern part of the Palatinate Forest . The source is the Rothenbrunnen at 283 m above sea level. NHN in a notched valley northeast of the Schloßberg ( 503.1 m ) and southwest of the Farrenberg ( 489.3 m ).
Between the eastern rivers of Hohenberg ( 420 m ) in the north and Steinbühl ( 402 m ) in the south, the Otterbach breaks through the eastern edge of the low mountain range and enters the Rhine plain . It flows through the two municipalities named after him, Oberotterbach - there it crosses under the German Wine Route - and Niederotterbach , then Vollmersweiler and Freckenfeld , where it passes the Bienwald on its northern edge. In Minfeld it takes up the Dierbach from the left , then it forms the border between the districts of Kandel and Wörth . The Bruchbach flows into Kandel from the right . The Otterbach meanders heavily as it runs through Jockgrim . It then flows through Neupotz and the Fischmal , located southeast of Leimersheim , an oxbow lake from the Rhine that was already there in 1595. The still water is 1.5 km long and a maximum of 100 m wide and represents a biotope for numerous water birds and plants.
While a pumping station on the Rhine dam leads part of the Otterbach water from the Fischmal ( ⊙ ) to the right (northeast) into the Leimersheimer Altrhein and thus directly to the Rhine , the left drain runs as Michelsbach to the northwest through the local area of Leimersheim and picks up there 97 m up the Erlenbach coming from the left . The Michelsbach is a former loop of the river Rhine and flows into the main stream after a good 12 km at a height of 96 m from the left.
In contrast to the described estuary, the Rhineland-Palatinate Water Management Authority classifies the Otterbach as a tributary of the Leimersheimer Altrhein flowing to the northeast, which is also evident from the river code numbers (Michelsbach 2375 4 , Otterbach 2375 22 ). For this purpose, the Otterbach estuary ( ⊙ ) will be relocated 200 m in front of the Fischmal and this reservoir will be added to the Leimersheimer Altrhein.
Tributaries and branches
Tributaries and branches downstream with orographic side, length and catchment area:
- Graben am Heidenbrunnenhof ( left ), 1.0 km, 0.452 km²
- Schulzenteichgraben ( left ), 0.9 km, 0.753 km²
- Salzgraben ( right ), 2.4 km, 2.875 km²
- Müllergraben ( left ), 0.1 km, 0.016 km²
- Bruchteichgraben ( left ), 1.2 km, 1.496 km²
- Sandwiesengraben ( left ), 0.4 km, 0.098 km²
- Ditch from the railway ( left ), 0.3 km, 0.241 km²
- Dorfbach ( left ), 2.1 km, 0.497 km²
- Immensackgraben ( right ), 0.5 km, 0.128 km²
- Vorderbach ( right ), 3.1 km, 1.583 km²
- Mittelbach ( right ), 1.5 km, 0.252 km²
- Bruchbach ( right ), 11.1 km, 13,945 km²
- Lower Dorfwiesengraben ( left )
- Dierbach ( left ), 18.5 km, 24,686 km²
- Mühlbach ( left )
- Oberbuschgraben ( left )
- Neugraben ( right ), 11.2 km, 8.883 km²
- Rift ditch ( right )
- Kleiner Dörninggraben ( left )
- Dörninggraben ( left ), 10.0 km, 11,194 km²
- Wattbach ( left ), 1.0 km
- Wanzenheimer Wiesengraben ( left )
- Rheingraben ( right )
- Kapplachgraben ( left )
nature and environment
In the Rhine Plain , the nature reserve No. 7334-103 Bruchbach-Otterbachniederung (1543.2 ha) extends south of the middle Otterbach towards the Bienwald . It is criss-crossed by numerous old irrigation ditches and is therefore a valuable wetland biotope .
Mills
A number of mills used to be operated with the water from the Otterbach . Brendelsmühle , Heldenmühle , Höllenmühle and Schaidter Mühle , for example , have been preserved as residential names to this day.
Web links
- Germersheim. (PDF; 2.2 MB) NSG album “Bruchbach-Otterbachniederung I; Habitat flowing water ”. State Office for the Environment, Water Management and Trade Inspection Rhineland-Palatinate, March 2012.
- Germersheim. (PDF; 2.6 MB) NSG album “Bruchbach-Otterbachniederung II; Grassland Habitat ”. State Office for the Environment, Water Management and Trade Inspection Rhineland-Palatinate, March 2012.
- Germersheim. (PDF; 1.9 MB) NSG album “Bruchbach-Otterbachniederung III; Still waters habitat ”. State Office for the Environment, Water Management and Trade Inspection Rhineland-Palatinate, March 2012.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Map service of the landscape information system of the Rhineland-Palatinate Nature Conservation Administration (LANIS map) ( notes )
- ↑ a b c d GeoExplorer of the Rhineland-Palatinate Water Management Authority ( information )
- ↑ Heinz Musall: The development of the cultural landscape of the Rhine valley between Karlsruhe and Speyer from the late 16th to the late 19th century. (= Heidelberg geographical works , booklet 22) Geographical Institute of the University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 1969, p. 53.
- ↑ a b junction
- ↑ Bruchbach-Otterbach lowlands. Südpfalz-Tourismus Landkreis Germersheim, accessed on March 29, 2015 .