Paul Weber (painter)

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Paul Weber , photo 1850

Gottlieb Daniel Paul Weber (born January 19, 1823 in Darmstadt ; † October 12, 1916 in Munich ) was a German landscape painter and early proponent of naturalism .

life and work

Weber was born as the son of the grand ducal court musician Johann Daniel Weber (1784–1848) and Sophie Friederike Adolphine Mangold (1788–1848) on the tower of the Darmstadt city church . As a musician, his father was obliged to maintain an apartment there according to tradition. As a child he spent his free time drawing in the wildlife park , where he preferred to draw the old oak trees. When he was 13, his parents enabled him to take private art lessons from August Lucas (1803–1863). He earned his pocket money with colored portraits that he made for soldiers.

From 1842 to 1844 he studied at the Städelschule in Frankfurt am Main with Jakob Becker . Together with Anton Burger , he moved to Munich to study, where they shared an apartment. Both then studied at the Munich Academy until 1848 . As a draftsman, he accompanied Prince Regent Luitpold of Bavaria from 1846 to 1847 on a journey to the Eastern Mediterranean that led to Constantinople, Asia Minor, Greece and Sicily. He completed his artistic training with Josephus Laurentius Dyckmans and Gustave Wappers in Antwerp .

Pastoral Summer Landscape , 1857

In 1849 he went to Hamilton ( Cincinnati ), USA . When his painter colleague Karl Christian Köhler also moved to the United States, they both went on painting trips across the country. In 1850 his son Carl was born . Weber settled in Philadelphia in 1854, where he quickly became a renowned painter. There he was considered a wealthy and "made man". His works were bought by wealthy citizens and museums. He was also a lecturer at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts . His students included William Stanley Haseltine , Edward Moran , Edward Lamson Henry, and William Trost Richards .

Homesickness and the prospect of a court position at home motivated Weber to return to Europe and to give up the economically successful position in America. In August 1855, Weber, accompanied by Haseltine, traveled via Paris to Düsseldorf before returning to Philadelphia.

He returned to Darmstadt via Scotland in 1861 and France. At court he worked primarily as a private lecturer to Princess Alice , privately he also taught his son-in-law Phillip Röth , who had married his daughter Pauline. Röth and his friend Eugen Bracht followed Paul Weber on painting trips during the semester break.

From 1864 Weber traveled to Paris several times with Adolf Schreyer . He befriended Theude Greenland , who introduced him to Jean-François Millet and Charles Emile Jacque from the Barbizon School . During the journey in 1875, the Fonatinebleau forest interior was created . Bodmer, Teichlein and Brendel also belonged to the common circle in Paris. The Biedermeier painting by Ludwig Richter also had an influence on Weber . He stayed loyal to the USA through exhibitions, works were a. a. shown at the National Academy of Design and the Boston Athenæum .

In the second half of the 19th century, Munich was the German art metropolis. Together with his son Carl , who studied at the academy, Paul Weber settled there in 1872. In Munich he maintained an exchange with friends from Hesse, such as Karl Raupp and Ludwig von Löfftz . From then on he devoted himself to urban genre scenes and the rural landscape around Munich. He often enlivened his landscape paintings with small animal or human scenery. Weber was buried in the Westfriedhof . Paul Weber is not related to the somewhat older Frankfurt painter August Weber .

Awards

  • 1858: Academy of Fine Arts Philadelphia silver medal
  • 1865: Gold medal at the exhibition in London's Crystal Palace

Exhibitions (selection)

  • 1901: 8th International Art Exhibition in the Glaspalast, Munich
  • 1902: Great Berlin art exhibition
  • 1908, 1912 and 1916: Munich annual exhibition in the Glaspalast
  • 1913 and 1918: Paul Weber Darmstädter Kunstverein
  • 1917: Paul Weber memorial exhibition in the Heinemann Gallery, Munich
  • 1976: Philadelphia, three centuries of American art. Philadelphia Museum of Art
  • 2001: Rhine-Main Art Landscape: Painting in the 19th Century 1867-1918, Girsch Museum, Frankfurt
  • 2006: Mathilda is calling - memories as future , Institut Mathildenhöhe , Darmstadt

plant

Pennsylvania Landscape , 1862
Cows in the pasture , a late work from the conservative Munich creative phase

Paul Weber cultivated an intimate naturalism and was one of the earliest representatives of the paysage intimate in Germany. Werner Ebnet also describes Paul Weber's work as “a naturalism approaching impressionism” .

Paul Weber's teaching activity in Philadelphia influenced the representatives of the Hudson River School , in some cases he is assigned to this direction himself. The discovery and exploration of an ideal landscape and its settlement by people who are in harmony with nature are the subjects of his American phase, which is also continued in Germany, especially through sketches that Paul Weber had made on site.

The late work, on the other hand, moves away from the pioneering phase, and impressionistic features are now also less common. Paul Weber limited himself to late romantic painting during his Munich phase.

  • Landscape with a view of the Hudson River , 1855, privately owned (shown in the Giersch Museum)
  • Madonna del Ponte , formerly Abraham Adelsberger Collection (lost)
  • Olevano Romano , oil on canvas
  • Graf Arco Chapel near Berchtesgaden , formerly Abraham Adelsberger Collection (lost)
  • River landscape , formerly Otto Rothschild Collection (lost)
  • Lakeshore , oil on canvas, 34 × 52, estate of Paul Weber, later Antonie Weber

Works in public collections

  • Scene in the Catskills , 1858, Corcoran Gallery of Art
  • Wooded landscape with Lake and Mountains , Metropolitan Museum of Art New York
  • Forest scene , The Walters Art Museum Baltimore
  • Crater lake in the Scottish highlands , 1861 Neue Pinakothek Munich
  • Steep coast (Mediterranean landscape) , 1863 Neue Pinakothek Munich
  • Upper Hessian children , 1868, Hessisches Landesmuseum
  • Peat bog landscape , oil on canvas 67 × 40, 1885 Neue Pinakothek Munich (lost)
  • Sunny autumn day in the Odenwald , Darmstadt City Archives
  • Darmstadt Forest , oil on canvas 42 × 73, City of Darmstadt
  • Court lady N. Crecelius , 1851, oil on canvas 53.5 × 42.5, City of Darmstadt
  • Fontainebleau , oil on canvas 46 × 57, former Otto Spitzweg collection, later Georg Schäfer Museum (inventory number MGS 3175)
  • Team of oxen , 1874, Hessisches Landesmuseum

Further works are u. a. in the Museum Georg Schäfer (inventory number MGS3590), Frye Art Museum Seattle, Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, Woodmere Art Museum, Timken Museum of Art in San Diego, Butler Institute of American Art, Kulturhistorisches Museum Magdeburg, in Behnhaus Lübeck, Landesmuseum Mainz , and in the Wuppertal Municipal Museum.

literature

Web links

Commons : Paul Weber  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Werner Ebnet: You lived in Munich: Biographies from eight centuries . P. 631
  2. ^ Die Kunst , F. Bruckmann, born 1917, p. 444
  3. ↑ Manfred Grosskinsky, Birgit Sander: art of the Rhine-Main: Painting in the 19th Century, 1806-1866 . 2000 p. 30
  4. ↑ Gerd-Helge Vogel: From Stein to Wolkenburg: "Mahlerische Reisen" through the Zwickauer Muldenland . P. 103
  5. ↑ Sabine Morgen: The broadcast of the Düsseldorf school to America in the 19th century. Düsseldorf paintings in America and American painters in Düsseldorf . Göttingen Contributions to Art History, Volume 2. Göttingen 2008, ISBN 978-3-7675-3059-1 , p. 386
  6. ↑ Kurt Schleucher, Darmstädter draussen : Your life abroad: For the 650th anniversary of Darmstadt (1330–1980) . Turris, 1980
  7. ^ John K. Howat: American Paradise: The World of the Hudson River School . P. 311
  8. ↑ rmt-magazin.de
personal data
SURNAME Weber, Paul
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Weber, Gottlieb Daniel Paul (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German landscape and portrait painter
DATE OF BIRTH January 19, 1823
PLACE OF BIRTH Darmstadt
DATE OF DEATH October 12, 1916
Place of death Munich