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municipality Krauschwitz
Coordinates: 51 ° 29 ′ 15 ″  N , 14 ° 51 ′ 45 ″  E
Height : 121 m above sea level NN
Area : 29.1 km²
Residents : 217  (May 9, 2011)
Population density : 7 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : January 1, 1994
Postal code : 02957
Area code : 035775

Pechern , in Sorbian Pěchč , is a village in the northeastern part of the district of Görlitz ( Saxony ). Pechern has been part of the Krauschwitz community since 1994 . The place is on the eastern edge of the official Sorbian settlement area in Upper Lusatia .

geography

Pechern is located on the western bank of the Lausitzer Neisse on the state road 127, which - following the Neisse - leads from Bad Muskau to Görlitz . Skerbersdorf lies to the north-west and Werdeck to the south-east . To the west of the village is the Pechern district of Neudorf .

history

Local history

Pechern was first mentioned in 1398 when the judge von Pechirn was mentioned in a Görlitz court book. The village has the shape of an extended round hamlet , so it should be of Sorbian origin. The name is probably derived from the pitch ovens that were in the place. In contrast to many places in the area west of the Neisse, Pechern itself was not associated with the Muskau rulership , but belonged to the Priebus rule. When this fell to the Silesian Duchy of Sagan in 1413 , Pechern also became Silesian. By 1625 at the latest there was a manor in Pechern that had a lasting impact on the development of the town.

In Pechern, in addition to pitch production from the wood of the surrounding pine forests, agriculture and forestry were practiced. Other sources of income were charcoal burning and beekeeping .

Half-timbered church

The existence of the half-timbered church in Pechern is assured for the years 1593 and 1597 as a branch church of Muskau. It was closed during the Counter Reformation in 1668 and only reopened in 1747 by a decree of King Friedrich II . After renovation, it was re-inaugurated in 1751. During the almost 80-year-long blocking period, Pechern was parish off to Podrosche , to whose parish the place was assigned in 1855.

Since the occupation of Silesia by Prussia, Pechern belonged to the Sagan district . In the course of the dissolution of the Sagan district, Priebus and the surrounding rural communities, including Pechern, were incorporated into the Rothenburg district (Ob. Laus.) In 1932 .

In February 1945 the nearby village of Wendisch Musta burned down . After the end of the war, the parts of the province of Lower Silesia to the west of the Neisse were assigned to the state of Saxony.

On January 1, 1994, the communities of Krauschwitz , Sagar , Skerbersdorf , Pechern and Klein Priebus on the Neisse merged to form the unitary community of Krauschwitz.

Population development

year Residents
1825 287
1871 351
1885 347
1905 281
1925 418
1933 497
1939 487
1946 546
1950 530
1964 436
1990 255
1993 251
2011 217

Pechern shows a very uneven population development. While the number rose continuously in the 19th century, in the last quarter and on the threshold of the 20th century a decrease of about 20% to 281 inhabitants in 1905 can be observed. By the outbreak of World War II, that number rose by almost 75% to 487 in 1939. After the end of the war, this number rose to around 550 as a result of refugees and displaced persons from the occupied eastern territories, but fell continuously in the following decades and reached a low in the early 1990s with 250 to 260 inhabitants - less than half compared to the post-war period.

When Arnošt Muka compiled statistics on the Sorbs in Lusatia in the 1880s, Pechern was already outside the Sorbian-speaking area. At that time Neudorf was on the outskirts, but Mukas statistics summarized it with the data from the Brand settlement. According to this, 100 of the 110 inhabitants in these two towns are Sorbs (91%).

Attractions

  • Neisse Valley
  • Half-timbered church

  • War memorial at the church

  • Neisse valley near Pechern

  • Close up of the church

Sons and daughters of the place

  • Wolfgang Buder (* 1954), German politician (DVU), former member of the state parliament in Saxony-Anhalt
  • Theodor Peckolt (1822–1912), German pharmacist, pharmacist, botanist and naturalist in Brazil

Sources and further reading

literature

  • From the Muskauer Heide to the Rotstein. Home book of the Lower Silesian Upper Lusatia District . Lusatia Verlag, Bautzen 2006, ISBN 3-929091-96-8 , p. 241 f .

Footnotes

  1. ↑ a b Small-scale community gazette. (PDF; 236 KB) 2011 Census - Krauschwitz. State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony , p. 5 (7 in PDF) , archived from the original on July 10, 2018 ; accessed on July 9, 2018 .
  2. ↑ Steffen Menzel: New findings on first mentions of Upper Lusatian localities . In: New Lusatian Magazine . No. 137 , 2015, p. 149 .
  3. ^ Description of the Sagan district in 1792
  4. ^ Ordinance on the reorganization of districts from August 1, 1932 . In: Prussian State Ministry (Hrsg.): Preußische Gesetzessammlung . Berlin 1932, district reform in the Liegnitz administrative district, p. 257 ( digitized version ).
  5. ^ Pechern in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
  6. ↑ Saxony regional register. Retrieved April 17, 2008 .

Web links

Commons : Pechern  - collection of images, videos and audio files