Peter Neidhardt
Peter Neidhardt (born July 17, 1911 in Graudenz , West Prussia (today Grudziądz), † February 4, 1973 in Waltersdorf near Berlin) was a German physicist and inventor in the field of color television .
Life
Peter Neidhardt was the only child of the postal chief inspector Paul Neidhardt (1878–1945) and his wife Else Neidhardt, nee. Hein (1886-1946). After graduating from high school, Neidhardt began studying electrical engineering with a focus on telecommunications and high-frequency technology at the Technical University of Charlottenburg , which he graduated with a diploma in 1935. He financed his studies with field tests for the troubleshooting service of the German post office . In 1937 he received his doctorate on the subject of "The generation of the shortest meter wave pulses by feedback transmitters".
After completing his studies, he first worked in the central laboratory at Siemens and Halske on the development of an aircraft altimeter and later as head of radio and television development at C.Lorenz AG . In the course of the armament of the Wehrmacht during the Second World War until 1945, his fields of activity were high frequency, radar and beacon technology, etc. a. with large-scale trials in Denmark .
After being bombed twice in Berlin, Neidhardt went to Thuringia in 1944. The "rocket research and production of the V2 rocket " has been located there since 1944 near Bleicherode .
He experienced the end of the war in April / May 1945 in Gebesee in the Sömmerda district. The Americans made him mayor of the place there, after the handover of Thuringia the Soviet occupiers confirmed him in this office.
Due to his knowledge in the field of control and high-frequency technology, it was interesting for the Soviet occupation and worked until October 1946 the Soviets at the Institute RAVEN ( Ra ketene b au and e evelopment) in Bleicherode , where he carries out research on radio frequency and radiolocation such as B. dealt with the Wolmannsender. The development of various positioning technologies had already started in rocket research in Peenemünde and should now be further developed for the Soviets.
As part of the Soviet secret operation Ossawakim in October 1946, he was conscripted to the Soviet Union and moved with his family to Moscow . Later the family moved to Lossino-Petrowski , where he first worked in the group around Helmut Gröttrup . In 1948, a group headed by Ferdinand Ruhle was spun off from this group, whose task it was to reproduce and also re-project remote control methods and aircraft instruments. In 1950 this group was transferred to the 1323 plant in Moscow-Kuzowo.
After his return from the Soviet Union in 1952, he became a senior researcher at the Telecommunications Works (from 1960 Works for Television Electronics, WF) and from 1954 built up the color television department there. Since he had previously dealt with the mathematical basics of the theory of information transfer, he was able to rely on a sound knowledge base. In the years from 1958 to 1961 he and his colleagues succeeded in developing a shadow mask color picture tube at the WF until it was ready for production. Compared to the corresponding types made in the USA, it had advanced design features. Although a small hall had already been built for the pilot production and 146 shadow mask tubes of the “Colorskop” B43G4C type had been produced by 1964 , this project was canceled on higher orders. For economic as well as political reasons, the GDR did not see itself in a position to start mass production. Instead, Soviet color picture tubes were built into the first color televisions in the GDR .
Already in 1961 Neidhardt had left the WF in strife after he had been banned from further involvement in the development of color picture tubes. In the following years he turned to his second field of work, the theory of information technology, and began in 1962 at the Institute for Telecommunications in Berlin-Oberschöneweide to set up the computer center for the electronic industry. In 1966 he became the head of the data center. This institute was incorporated into the VEB Kombinat Nachrichtenelektronik in 1980 . Also in 1966 Neidhardt received the order from the Ministry of Electrical Engineering and Electronics to take over the management of the central working group for the introduction of electronic data processing in the GDR.
He also held lectures on information theory as a lecturer at the Humboldt University in Berlin . In 1968 he completed his habilitation there with a thesis “On the problem of actively adaptive electronic systems”.
In public, Neidhardt also worked in various voluntary functions, including as chairman of the electrical engineering association of the GDR engineering organization KDT .
On February 8, 1973 Neidhardt died in a car accident near Walterdorf.
Neidhardt was married and had two daughters, the younger of whom was born in Moscow in December 1948.
effect
Neidhardt played an important role in the introduction and development of television in the GDR. The development of the "Colorskop" B43G4C shadow mask color picture tube until it was ready for production was the highlight of his work in this field. An all-glass rectangular flask with a screen diagonal of 43 cm / 70 degrees was used for the picture tube. Distraction used. That was a novelty at that time, because the third-party products from the USA available at the time still had round-bottomed flasks made of sheet steel.
A “preliminary data sheet” already existed for this picture tube and there were successful demonstrations of experimental color receivers in 1961. The GDR would have been technically able to produce the most important component in color television itself. The production of this tube, however, would have overwhelmed the economic possibilities of the GDR at that time. Nevertheless, this development was a preliminary achievement which, under the given political circumstances, demonstrated the technical competence of the WF in the field of tube development. Numerous scientific publications by Neidhardt on the problem of color television and later on information theory, in particular on the theory of self-learning electronic systems in magazines and specialist books as well as translations of Soviet specialist literature, testify to his scientific competence and creativity.
Publications (selection)
- with Michael S. Nejman: Ultra-frequency generators with triodes and tetrodes , Berlin (East) 1956,
- Introduction to Information Theory , Berlin (East) 1957
- Information theory and automatic information processing. Introduction to the mathematical requirements, knowledge and applications as well as the basics of logic circuits and learning automatons . Berlin (East) / Stuttgart 1964.
- Television engineering. Television Electronics. Television technology. Television electronics . With around 3500 technical terms. (In English, German, French and Russian.) In the series Technik -verzeichnis , Berlin (Ost) 1964
- Technology Dictionary: Electronics. Electronics. Electronique Elektronika , Berlin (East) 1966.
About his color television development
- How far is color television with us? In: company newspaper "WF-Sender", continuation in issue 6-11, 1961 with the description of critical production steps and assessment of functional tests of the picture tube samples.
- Development of a color picture tube B 43 G 4 C "Colorskop" . In: Research and Development Reports of the Works for Television Electronics (WF), December 1960, 54 p. And Appendix Volume, December 1960, 80 p., With illustrations.
literature
- Obituary in "Telekommunikation - Elektronik" 23, 1973, issue 5, p. 197.
- Memories of Peter Neidhardt's daughter B. Winter, 2019, Archive Industriesalon Schöneweide , No. Archive 70050.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Henze, Bernd and Hebestreit, Gunther: Rocket construction and development in Bleicherode on the southern Harz 1943-1948 . 1st edition. H & H-Verlag, 1998, ISBN 3-00-003321-1 , p. 18, 96, 97, 102 .
- ↑ W. houseZ, US Ord .: Interrogation of Helmut Gottrup Dipl. Ing. Electromechanical works. Combined Intelligence Objectves sub Committee, May 28, 1945, accessed February 24, 2020 .
- ^ Arthur O. Bauer: V2-Ortler-Papgai (report on the Wolmannsender). In: Foundation for German communication and related technologies (History of Technology). March 3, 2014, accessed February 24, 2020 .
- ^ Ulrich Albrecht, Andreas Heinemann-Grüder and Arend Wellmann: The specialists. German scientists and technicians in the Soviet Union after 1945 . Berlin 1992, ISBN 3-320-01788-8 , pp. 97, 116/117 .
- ↑ VEB plant for telecommunications: Provisional cost center directory of the VEB plant for telecommunications "HF". November 1, 1952, accessed February 4, 2020 .
- ^ VEB plant for telecommunications: cost center directory of the VEB plant for telecommunications. January 1, 1954, accessed February 4, 2020 .
- ^ Winfried Müller: From the past of the factory for television electronics, striking events 1945-1960. In: Industriesalon Schöneweide (ed.): History of technology from the industrial salon . Book 6, p. 34 ff .
- ↑ Development of a color picture tube B 43 G 4 C "Colorskop", 1960 :: Industriesalon Schöneweide :: museum-digital: berlin. Retrieved January 28, 2020 .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Neidhardt, Peter |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German physicist and inventor |
| DATE OF BIRTH | July 17, 1911 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Graudenz , West Prussia |
| DATE OF DEATH | 4th February 1973 |
| Place of death | Waltersdorf near Berlin |