Royal Academy of Arts

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The Royal Academy at Burlington House (2010)

The Royal Academy of Arts in London is one of the most important arts institutions in Great Britain . It is dedicated to teaching and promoting painting , sculpture and architecture .

history

Johann Zoffany : The portraits of the founding members of the Royal Academy (1771–72, oil on canvas).

The Royal Academy of Arts was founded in 1768 by George III. founded, with 34 important artists and architects as founding members under the direction of the painter Joshua Reynolds ; including two women, the painters Angelika Kauffmann and Mary Moser , the trigger was a dispute within the then leading artists' association, the Society of Artists of Great Britain . The architect William Chambers left this association after running for the presidency in vain. After using his good connections to the English royal family, the king finally established a new artists' association. It officially began its work in 1769. Initially, the academy accepted a maximum of 40 members, now there are up to 80.

location

For the first three years the Royal Academy was housed in Pall Mall in the City of Westminster . Shortly thereafter, she moved to the newly completed Somerset House . In 1837 it was moved to the National Gallery in Trafalgar Square . The Royal Academy has been located in Burlington House since 1868 .

activities

Although the academy was officially under the patronage of the king, it received no funding from the state treasury. The main source of income has been and has been the Academy's exhibitions since 1870, which enjoy an excellent reputation worldwide. In addition to exhibitions on loan, the annual summer exhibition is one of the central events in the London art world. In addition to members, other artists can submit their works and, if approved, show them at the summer exhibition.

membership

Christopher Le Brun, President of the Royal Academy, at the opening of the RA Summer Exhibition 2015

The number of members, members or RAs (the latter as the abbreviation for " Royal Academicians ") was initially limited to 40, in 1972 it was increased to 50 and has been limited to 80 since 1991, in addition to a number of seniors who are the age of 75 and are clearing their place for new members. The prerequisite for admission is that the artistic profession is at least partially practiced in Great Britain. The members are divided into the following three groups:

New members are elected by the RAs. This election as a full member is usually preceded by a multi-year qualification as an ARA (abbreviation for " Associated Royal Academician "). It is stipulated that there must be at least 14 sculptors, 12 architects and 8 printmakers among the maximum of 80 RAs at all times. Since 1869, artists who are not active in Great Britain can also be appointed as honorary members of the Hon. RA .

Membership gives all RAs the right to exhibit up to six of their own works in the annual Summer Exhibition , which has been taking place continuously since 1769 . They can also hold small exhibitions in the Friends' Room ; occasionally they get the opportunity to large exhibitions of their work in the Sackler Galleries . As part of the RA Education Program , many RAs are involved as lecturers in education.

Well-known students / professors (selection)

Exhibitions (selection)

Literature at the beginning

  • The art exhibition at the Royal Academy of London . In: Illustrirte Zeitung . No. 25 . J. J. Weber, Leipzig December 16, 1843, p. 396-398 ( books.google.de ).
  • William Sandby: The history of the Royal Academy of Arts from its foundation in 1768 to the present time. With biographical notices of all the members. Volume I. Longman Green, Longman Roberts & Green, London 1862 ( Text Archive - Internet Archive ).
  • William Sandby: The history of the Royal Academy of Arts from its foundation in 1768 to the present time. With biographical notices of all the members. Volume II. Longman Green, Longman Roberts & Green, London 1862 ( Text Archive - Internet Archive ).
  • Henry Blackburn: Academy notes 1875. With illustrations of the principal pictures at Burlington House. Chatto and Windus, London 1875 ( Text Archive - Internet Archive ).
  • Henry Blackburn: Academy notes 1883. With illustrations of the principal pictures at Burlington House. Chatto and Windus, London 1883 ( Text Archive - Internet Archive ).
  • Henry Blackburn: English art in 1884. D. Appelton & Company, New York 1895 ( Text Archive - Internet Archive ).
  • Henry Blackburn: Academy notes 1891. With illustrations of the principal pictures at Burlington House. Chatto and Windus, London 1891 ( Text Archive - Internet Archive ).
  • List of Appendices. In: JE Hodgson, Fred. A. Eaton: The Royal academy and its members 1768-1830. Charles Scribner's Sons, London 1905 ( Text Archive - Internet Archive ).

Web links

Commons : Royal Academy of Arts  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Royal Academy of Arts: About the Royal Academy of Arts , accessed January 23, 2014.
  2. ^ Portraits of the founding members of the Royal Academy of Arts, RA Magazine. No. 114, 2012. ( Memento of February 2, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ^ Amy Bluett: Mary Moser and Angelica Kauffman: the RA's founding women. International Women's Day series. March 2, 2016, accessed March 17, 2016 .
  4. ↑ Helen Tierney (ed.): Women's Studies Encyclopedia. Volume 3, Greenwood 1999, ISBN 978-0-313-29620-8 , p. 1236.
  5. ^ Allison Lee Palmer: Historical Dictionary of Neoclassical Art and Architecture. Scarecrow Press 2011, ISBN 978-0-8108-6195-4 , pp. 245 f.
  6. ^ Hyacinth Holland:  Ramberg, Johann Heinrich . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 27, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1888, pp. 207 f.

Coordinates: 51 ° 30 ′ 33 ″  N , 0 ° 8 ′ 22 ″  W.