Andreas Prokop
Andreas Prokop , also Prokop the Bald ; Prokop the Great (Czech: Prokop Holý , Prokop Veliký , Latin: Procopius Rasus Bohemus ; * around 1380; † May 30, 1434 near Lipan in Bohemia ), was a clergyman and preacher; in the Hussite Wars he was leader of the reform movement of the Taborites .
Origin and way of life
On his mother's side, Andreas Prokop came from the family of the German Prague patrician Jan z Cách (from Aachen). Nothing is known about his father. After studying theology at Charles University in Prague , he first became a Catholic clergyman in Prague , but turned to the religious doctrine of the Bohemian reformer Jan Hus , who was burned at the stake in Constance on July 6, 1415 . From 1420 he worked as a priest and preacher for the Hussites in Tábor . His nickname "the bald one" probably came from the tonsureof the Catholic and Hussite clergy as a shaved head military leader after a complete shave of the hair. There is no contemporary representation of him.
After the death of Jan Žižka , one of the leaders of the radical Taborites , Andreas Prokop became one of the field captains of their army groups in 1424. Under his leadership, the Hussites consolidated their military superiority over the armies of the Crusaders in 1426 in the Battle of Aussig , 1427 in the Battle of Zwettl and 1431 in the Battle of Taus . After the victory in the Battle of Tachau , he stopped the crusades of the Catholic army groups and thus shaped the historical course of the history of Bohemia . In association with troops of the Orebiten , Hussite armies raided the Catholic neighboring countries of Bohemia from 1427. As usual with longer campaigns at the time, the army captured by extorting ransom, looting of monasteries and cities the support of the mercenaries and mitziehenden baggage train . In 1430, Andreas Prokop forced a ransom of 12,000 guilders in the monastery of Bamberg to replace a pillage of the bishopric and the city of Bamberg at Zwernitz Castle .
In 1433 Prokop appeared at the Council of Basel as a defender of the more radical form of the Hussite doctrine. He did not recognize its negotiation results, the Prague compacts . On May 30, 1434 he fell as leader of the combined forces of the Taborites at the Battle of Lipan in the fight against the Utraquists , the moderate wing of the Hussites, and mercenary of the imperial army of the Bohemian King Sigismund of Luxembourg .
literature
- František Šmahel : Prokop / 3rd Pr. D. Size In: Lexicon of the Middle Ages (LexMA). Volume 7, LexMA-Verlag, Munich 1995, ISBN 3-7608-8907-7 , Sp. 245.
- Miloslav Polivka: Procopius the great. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 7, Bautz, Herzberg 1994, ISBN 3-88309-048-4 , Sp. 990-991.
- Biographical lexicon on the history of the Czech lands. published on behalf of the Collegium Carolinum (Institute) , Volume III, R. Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich 2000, ISBN 3-486-55973-7 , p. 334. (with further references in Czech)
- Handbook of the History of the Bohemian Lands , Volume 1, 1967.
- Masarykův slovník naučný (1925-1933) , volume 4
- Ottův slovník naučný , 1908.
- Lutz Mohr : The Hussites in Upper Lusatia with special consideration of their campaigns in the years from 1424 to 1434. Special edition No. 2 of the series: History and stories from Neusalza-Spremberg , Greifswald u. Neusalza-Spremberg 2014.
Web links
- Literature and other media by and about Andreas Prokop in the catalog of the National Library of the Czech Republic
- Literature by and about Andreas Prokop in the catalog of the German National Library
Individual evidence
- ↑ J. Hemmerle: Johan Huss. In: Religion Past and Present . Vol. 3, Tübingen 1959, p. 492.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Prokop, Andreas |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Procopius the Great; Procopius the Bald; Prokop Holý; Prokop Veliký; Procopius Rasus Bohemus (Latin) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Army leader of the Hussites |
| DATE OF BIRTH | around 1380 |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 30, 1434 |
| Place of death | at Lipan |