Collegiate pen Eisgarn
The Kollegiatstift Eisgarn , also called Propstei Eisgarn , was a Canon Monastery in Eisgarn in the northern Waldviertel in Lower Austria.
In the northernmost part of Lower Austria, near Heidenreichstein the smallest pin is located in Austria . A curiosity in church and regional history since its foundation, Eisgarn has been almost forgotten as a pen since the 20th century. Today Eisgarn is a realpropstei, the provost (a purely honorary title) is appointed by the diocesan bishop, there is no more chapter.
history
The eventful history of the monastery begins in 1330 when Johann von Klingenberg , Count von Litschau , enlarged a small St. Mary's Church in the village and, with the consent of the Passau bishop, made it the location of a collegiate monastery. Here Johann realized his prestige project: a small monastery for six canons with a provost as the monastery board was donated - in keeping with the good tone of the time. Johann von Klingenberg apparently appreciated culture.
After the death of Heinrich, the last lord of Klingenberg zu Litschau, who died in 1346 with King John of Bohemia (from the House of Luxembourg ) in the Battle of Crécy , the "noble Mr. Albero von Puchheim , supreme truchess in Austria", was made by Provost Konrad and elected by the convent as hereditary bailiff of the Eisgarn collegiate monastery and confirmed on July 12, 1357 by his successor, provost Stephan, and by the convent as bailiff and second founder. At the same time, he was also given the right to present the provost and new canons to be appointed. The monastery was obliged to employ a schoolmaster. The school still exists today and is one of the oldest elementary schools in Lower Austria. It was first mentioned in a document in 1393.
The music was valued and cared for, and anyone who wanted to become a canon had to be a good singer. Several talented composers and organists have also worked here over the centuries. Today the monastery is a foster home for contemporary music.
The 15th and 16th centuries, with its religious wars and the unrest of the Reformation, were not good for the monastery. Doubtful personalities used the turmoil of the time for their unfortunate endeavors. Provost Johann Reichermuet was one of them. After he had enriched himself for a few years at the expense of the monastery, he resigned his office and went to Raabs . In December 1563, he shot his successor, Provost Anton Rubeis, in his room at night. After he was taken into custody, he died there under mysterious circumstances. As in almost all monasteries, there were (almost) no priests in the convents at this time.
Since the Archduke of Austria (and Roman-German Emperor) claimed the right to elect the Eisgarner provosts, important personalities were also promoted to Eisgarner provost. Provost Heinrich Fastroyer (1624–1665) was both auxiliary bishop and vicar general of the imperial and imperial military camp (corresponds to today's military bishop ), provost Ignaz Freiherr von Rodt (1750–1768) was prince-bishop of Constance and cardinal , but rarely resided in Eisgarn and allowed himself to be provost coadjutor Ferdinand Graf von Herberstein (1755–1774), who had also been Bishop of Trieste since 1760.
The Eisgarner provosts had been provincial estates since the 16th century , that is, together with the nobility and the other prelates, they formed a body that ruled Austria under the Enns together with the sovereign prince. Until the end of the Austrian monarchy in 1918, the provosts were represented as representatives of the Lower Austrian clergy with a seat and vote in the Lower Austrian country house. Since 1918 only the title of Lower Austrian Prelate has remained .
In order not to reduce the income of the provosts appointed by the emperor, the positions of canons have not been filled since the 17th century. The college consisted only of the provost, who usually had a few priests at least as vicars at his side. Similar to a secular GmbH , one person is sufficient for a church college to continue to exist. After the memorable history of Eisgarn, the curious case of Provost Stephan Biedermann (1937–1976) was appointed by the government of the Austrian Republic in 1937 . The republic regarded itself as the legal successor to the emperor.
With a decree of May 4, 2009, Bishop Klaus Küng abolished the collegiate chapter of the Eisgarn Abbey and converted it into a realpropstei .
Collegiate church
In 1999 an extensive general renovation of the facade of the church was carried out. Only traces of the Romanesque substance of the church, first mentioned in a document in 1294, have been found. After the two-aisled early Gothic extension, the late Gothic was followed by the addition of a smaller south aisle. Inside, all of the plaster from the late 15th century could be exposed.
A tower was added to the westwork in the baroque era. The overriding principle of the renovation work was the restoration of the historical appearance using marble sump lime that had been deposited over several years and natural color pigments.
The small collegiate church is now one of the most beautiful early Gothic churches in the Waldviertel.
Art and culture: Waldviertel collegiate concerts
The cultural mandate of the founder Johann von Klingenberg is fulfilled in a special way today. Not only Gottfried von Eine was a friend and guest of the monastery, but a number of important Austrian composers came and came to the performance of their works in Eisgarn: Balduin Sulzer , Werner Pichner, Augustinus Franz Kropfreiter , Herbert Lauermann , Horst Ebenhöh , Ferdinand Weiss, Ulf- Diether Soyka , Heinrich Gattermeyer , Johann Sengstschmid a . a.
The annual concert series Waldviertler Stiftskonzerte in the Propstei Eisgarn has been an integral part of the Waldviertel cultural scene for more than 25 years.
In 2007, the Association of Friends of the Collegiate Foundation Eisgarn was founded, whose task is to promote the cultural activities of the monastery.
List of ice yarn provosts
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Prouds of the early days
Toast during / after the Hussite period
Provosts during the Reformation and the Peasant Wars
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Toast in the Thirty Years' War
Toast in the baroque period
Probes from modern times to the present
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literature
- Alfred Wendehorst ; Stefan Benz (Ed.): Directory of the secular canon pens of the imperial church . 1997. 216 pp., ISBN 3-7686-9146-2 .
- Wolfgang F. Rothe : The renewal of the collegiate chapter Eisgarn. Legal history and canonical appraisal , in: Das Waldviertel 56 (2007) 28–52.
- Wolfgang F. Rothe: The statutes of the collegiate chapters in the German-speaking area. Legal situation and legal practice (= Adnotationes in Ius Canonicum , 41), Frankfurt am Main / Vienna [u. a.] 2007.
- Hannes Gans, Eva Wrazdil: Monastery secrets: a look behind the walls of Austrian religious houses. Leopold Stocker Verlag, Graz [u. a.] 2004
- Collegiate chapter in the German-speaking area. A canonical inventory. In: Journal of the Savigny Foundation for Legal History 124 / Canonical Department 93, 2007
Web links
Individual evidence
- Stiftsarchiv Eisgarn
- ^ Christoph Tepperberg, "The Lords of Puchheim in the Middle Ages", page 47; Dissertation to obtain a doctorate at the humanities faculty of the University of Vienna, autumn 1978
- ↑ repeal of the foundation chapter (www.dsp.at)
- ↑ Wolfgang F. Rothe: STIEBAR, Johann Achaz Freiherr von. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 29, Bautz, Nordhausen 2008, ISBN 978-3-88309-452-6 , Sp. 1408-1410.
Coordinates: 48 ° 54 '58.8 " N , 15 ° 6' 0.6" E