Ptasi Raj

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Ptasi Raj Nature Reserve

The Ptasi Raj nature reserve (" Vogelparadies ", Polish Rezerwat przyrody Ptasi Raj ) is a nature and bird reserve , located on the Baltic Sea and Kühner Vistula on Wyspa Sobieszewska ( Bohnsacker Island ) in the Pomeranian Voivodeship in northern Poland .

history

Ptasi Raj (center left): At the dam the Messina peninsula, in front of it the Eastern Hook, behind it the Vistula
Bearded tit (male)
Eider duck (male and female)

At the end of January 1840 the Vistula broke through the Danzig Spit after a flood . As a result, sandbanks and islands emerged at their new estuary. The east of the estuary was named after the shipwreck of the Messina in 1867 . A cemetery for cholera deaths was established on this island in 1894 . Due to the influence of wind and currents ( compensation coast), the island of Messina became today's Mierzeją Messyńską peninsula ( Messina Spit ). Through measures of the coastal protection , among other things a long stone dam was built towards the Vistula, the Messina Lake (Jezioro Ptasi Raj) , which is about 50 hectares today, was created .

State bird sanctuary "Insel Messina" in the German Empire

After the area was initially used for water sports, from 1910 the Jordsand Association for the protection of seabirds campaigned for the establishment of a protected area. Despite the First World War , Messina was declared a state bird sanctuary in 1915.

At that time, 123 bird species could be detected, 27 of which were considered rarities and 24 as breeding birds. The occurrence of thick-billed mummies , wave walkers , predatory terns , snowy owls and bearded tits were particularly emphasized.

"Ptasi Raj" nature reserve in the Republic of Poland

In 1959, the 198 hectare Ptasi Raj nature reserve was designated. It is to serve as a resting place for migratory birds and a breeding area for water birds and waders. Today more than 200 species, including 32 breeding birds, have been recorded. The latter include: dwarf and black-necked grebe , bittern , gray and shelduck , teal , mergansers , Small and Spotted Crake , water rails , oystercatchers , sand and little ringed plover Green Sandpiper , river and little tern , woodcock , Bluethroat , cranes and marsh harrier . In 1997 the eider duck was detected here for the first time in Poland .

Information boards and two observation towers have been set up in the accessible parts.

geography

In addition to the gradually silted brackish Jezioro Ptasi Raj (about 50 ha), there is the 8.8-hectare Jezioro Karaś ( crucian carp pond ). Since December 1, 1973, the protected area belongs administratively to the city of Gdańsk ( Danzig ) . The next town, about 1 km south, is Górki Wschodnie ( Ostlich-Neufähr ).

literature

A. Ibarth: The bird world of the island of Messina. In: H.Conwentz: The state bird sanctuary at the old mouth of the Vistula near Neufähr not far from Gdansk. Contributions to the preservation of natural monuments V. (1916) issue 3. pp. 393–413.

Web links

Commons : Ptasi Raj Nature Reserve  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Johannes Trojan : Vistula trip between the Baltic Sea and the Russian border. 1898

Coordinates: 54 ° 21 ′ 33.5 ″  N , 18 ° 47 ′ 44.9 ″  E