Pueraria
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Pueraria montana var. Lobata |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Pueraria | ||||||||||||
| DC. |
Pueraria is a genus in the subfamily Schmetterlingsblütler (Faboideae) within the family of the Leguminosae (Fabaceae). The 20 or so species are common in tropical and eastern Asia .
description
Vegetative characteristics
Pueraria species grow as climbing, perennial herbaceous plants or up to independently upright shrubs . Root tubers are formed as permanent organs if these are necessary under the climatic conditions.
The opposite leaves are almost always pinnate in three parts. The large leaflets are ovate or rhomboid with a smooth or slightly lobed edge. There are stipules and secondary leaflets of the leaflets.
Generative characteristics
Solitary axillary or in groups at the shoot ends, on long inflorescence shafts are racemose or panicle inflorescences usually with many flowers. There are usually small or narrow bracts and small to tiny bracts .
The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five sepals are fused bell-shaped, with two calyx teeth completely fused or still freely forming the upper of the two calyx lips at the top. The five purple to blue petals have the typical shape of the butterfly flower and are longer than the calyx. The only ovary contains many ovules . The thin stylus is bent back at the top and ends in a small, head-shaped scar.
Elongated to cylindrical legumes are formed. The flattened seeds are almost circular or transversely rectangular.
Systematics and distribution
The genus Pueraria belongs to the subtribe Glycininae from the tribe Phaseoleae in the subfamily of the Faboideae within the family of the Fabaceae .
The genus Pueraria was first published in 1825 by Augustin-Pyrame de Candolle in Annales des Sciences Naturelles (Paris) , 4, 1, p. 97. Type species is Pueraria tuberosa (Roxb. Ex Willd.) DC. who died in 1802 as Hedysarum tuberosum Roxb. ex Willd. was first described. Synonyms for Pueraria DC. are Neustanthus Benth. , Zeydora Lour. ex Gomes .
The 20 or so species are common in tropical and eastern Asia . Ten species occur in China , three of them only there.
There are 17 to 20 Pueraria typologies:
- Pueraria alopecuroides Craib : It occurs in southern Yunnan, Myanmar and Thailand .
- Pueraria bella Prain : It is rare and occurs in India.
- Pueraria bouffordii H.Ohashi : It was first described in 2005 and only grows on river banks at altitudes of 700 to 1000 meters in the Chinese province of Guizhou .
- Pueraria calycina Franch. (Syn .: Pueraria forrestii W.E. Evans ): It thrives in the thicket in the mountains at altitudes of 2000 to 2600 meters in the Chinese province of Yunnan .
- Pueraria candollei Benth. : It occurs in India, Bangladesh , Laos , Myanmar, Thailand and the Andaman Islands .
- Pueraria edulis Pamp. (Syn .: Pueraria bicalcarata Gagnep. , Pueraria quadristipellata W.W.Sm. ): It occurs in India, Bhutan and in the Chinese provinces of Sichuan and Yunnan.
- Pueraria garhwalensis L.R.Dangwal & DSRawat : It occurs only in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh .
- Pueraria imbricata Maesen : The home is Thailand and Laos.
- Pueraria lacei Craib : It is rare and occurs in Myanmar.
- Pueraria montana (Lour.) Merr. : It iswidespreadwith three varieties in Asia, Australia , New Guinea and on islands in the Pacific; it is a neophyte in many other areas.
- Pueraria peduncularis (Benth.) Benth. (Syn .: Pueraria yunnanensis Franchet ): It iswidespreadin Bangladesh, Pakistan, India, Bhutan , Nepal , Myanmar, Tibet and in the Chinese provinces of Guangxi , Guizhou, Sichuan and Yunnan.
- Pueraria phaseoloides (Roxb.) Benth. : It is widespread in Asia, New Guinea and the islands in the Pacific; it is a neophyte in many other areas.
- Pueraria pulcherrima (Coord.) Coord.-Schum. : It is common in Indonesia , the Philippines , New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago and the Solomon Islands .
- Pueraria sikkimensis Prain : It is common in India, Nepal and Bhutan.
- Pueraria stracheyi Baker : It only occurs in the Indian state.
- Pueraria stricta Kurz (Syn .: Pueraria brachycarpa Kurz , Pueraria collettii Prain , Pueraria hirsuta Kurz , Pueraria longicarpa Thuan , Pueraria siamica Craib ): It is common in Yunnan, Myanmar, Thailand and perhaps Laos.
- Pueraria tuberosa (Willd.) DC. : It is common on the Indian subcontinent (India, Pakistan and Nepal).
- Pueraria wallichii DC. : It occurs in India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Myanmar, Thailand, Tibet and Yunnan.
- Pueraria xyzhui H.Ohashi & Iokawa : It was first described in 2005 and only grows in mountain regions at altitudes of around 1500 meters in the Chinese province of Yunnan.
swell
- LJG van der Maesen: Pueraria, the kudzu and its relatives: an update of the taxonomy , In: Proc. 1st Int. Symp. Tuberous legumes. Guadeloupe, FWI , 1992, pp. 55-86.
- Delin Wu, Mats Thulin: Pueraria , p. 254 - online with the same text as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (ed.): Flora of China. Volume 10: Fabaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 2010, ISBN 978-1-930723-91-7 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Pueraria in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i Delin Wu, Mats Thulin: Pueraria , p. 254 - online with the same text as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (ed.): Flora of China . Volume 10: Fabaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 2010, ISBN 978-1-930723-91-7 .
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Enter Pueraria in the search mask at ILDIS = International Legume Database & Information Service - World Database of Legumes , Version 10.01 from November 2005.
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