Geesthacht pumped storage power plant
| Geesthacht pumped storage power plant | |||
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| location | |||
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| Coordinates | 53 ° 25 '40 " N , 10 ° 23' 55" E | ||
| country | Germany | ||
| Waters | Elbe | ||
| Data | |||
| Type | pumped storage power plant | ||
| Primary energy | water | ||
| power | 120 MW | ||
| operator | Vattenfall | ||
| Start of operations | 1958 | ||
| turbine | 3 × Francis turbines | ||
| Website | http://kraftwerke.vattenfall.de/geesthacht | ||
| was standing | 2011 | ||
The Geesthacht pumped storage plant near Geesthacht on the Elbe is used to quickly cover the electricity demand at peak times and as an emergency reserve in the event of blackouts. The pumped storage power plant went into operation on October 15, 1958 and it is the largest of its kind in northern Germany .
technology
Three sets of one pump and one turbine each are connected to the reservoir , which is around 80 m higher, via three pipelines . The turbines each have an output of 40 MW, making a total of 120 MW, the pumps each 32 MW. The reservoir has a total volume of 3,800,000 m³, of which 3,300,000 m³ are usable. The reservoir located at Geesthacht directly on federal highway 5 is fed directly from the Elbe. When the pool is full, its water surface is 90.6 m above sea level, the lowering target is 76.6 m above sea level. The Elbe dammed up by the Geesthacht barrage serves as a lower basin . This has a storage space of 8,210,000 m³. The average height of fall is 83 m. According to the information on the display board, an energy content of 600 MWh can be stored in the upper basin, which corresponds to a working capacity of 534 MWh. Originally an expansion to double the capacity was planned (6 turbines of 35 MW = 210 MW). Instead, there are only three turbines today.
The operator of the pumped storage plant barely used the pumped storage plant between 2001 and 2011 because the federal state had introduced a levy on the use of surface water from the Elbe, the so-called "water penny", which made the operation of the pumped storage plant unprofitable. After this tax was lowered, the storage power plant has been fully operational again since October 2011. The plant is currently being renovated, and an expansion is also being discussed in order to be able to store more electricity during phases of high wind power feed-in and thus support the energy transition.
In 2014, the plant came under fire for protecting fish. According to the Naturschutzbund Deutschland (NABU), the plant does not meet the fish protection measures and should therefore be taken out of service or retrofitted immediately. Robert Habeck , Environment Minister of Schleswig-Holstein, however, spoke out in favor of continued operation. In the bay in front of the inlet structure, there are no large fish that could be sucked in, while small fish cannot be technically protected anyway. It is therefore only necessary to shut down operations in late summer to protect small schooling fish.
Pump storage plant shell, 1957
Downpipes
Power house
Upper basin
The upper basin covers an area of 500 m × 600 m. It has a ring dam about 2000 m long and 17 m high. Its 6 m wide crown is 92.6 m above sea level. The embankment has embankments that are inclined 1: 2.5 inwards and 1: 3.5 outwards. You can reach the reservoir, on the edge of which there is also a 12-meter-high observation tower , via an access on federal road 5 . In good weather, the tower offers a view of Hamburg and Lüneburg .
Power generation
Due to load requirements, the turbines are switched on around 4,800 times a year to cover peak loads. After just 70 seconds, electricity is generated at full power, which can be delivered for up to five hours, depending on how full the reservoir is. The efficiency of the pumped storage plant is 80%, so four fifths of the energy used (for pumping up and storing the water in the upper basin) are recovered by driving the turbines. The pump storage plant is therefore the most important system for the stability of Hamburg's electricity supply. It is a black-start capable power plant that can restart the other, idle power plants in the event of a complete failure of the power supply.
It belonged to Hamburgische Electricitäts-Werke AG , which has since been taken over by Vattenfall .
The Krümmel nuclear power plant is directly adjacent .
The grid connection is made via the Bergedorf switchgear on the 110 kV high voltage level in the grid of Stromnetz Hamburg .
Affiliated plants
In addition to this pumped storage plant, there is also a wind power plant in the Geesthacht energy park, which stands on the dam crest of the storage lake, as well as a solar power system , whose energy is also used to pump water into the upper basin. The wind power plant consists of a wind power plant with a generator of 500 kW. It drives three pumps that have outputs of 59, 144 and 315 kW and are switched on depending on the available output. Up to 2040 m³ of water from the Elbe can be pumped up every hour. The wind power plant generates 1,100 MWh annually .
The solar power plant has collectors with a total area of 573 m² and drives two pumps with a total output of 60 kW. The solar power plant generates 50 MWh annually.
See also
literature
- Josef Frank: Two new pumped storage plants in Germany: Geesthacht and Happurg (approx. 1956).
- HEW: Geesthacht pumped storage plant, publisher: Hamburgische Elektrizitätswerke, 1987.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Kent Krøyer: Storing energy: A challenge for renewable energy . LORC . April 20, 2012. Archived from the original on April 29, 2016. Retrieved on February 28, 2017.
- ^ Tino Jann: Vattenfall invests in the future ( memento of December 26, 2012 in the Internet Archive ), Bergedorfer Zeitung , September 17, 2009
- ↑ Pump storage plant stores wind energy . In: shz.de , November 30, 2011. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
- ↑ Fish death by Vattenfall In nabu.de , accessed on November 17, 2014.
- ↑ The pumped storage plant chops up the fish In Bergedorfer Zeitung , September 2, 2014. Retrieved on November 17, 2014.
- ↑ Habeck: Clear “Yes” to the pumped storage plant , In Bergedorfer Zeitung, October 6, 2014. Accessed November 30, 2014.
- ↑ Energy in reserve. In: Metropole, 4/2011, pp. 10–11.
- ↑ People at Vattenfall. The Libero. In: Metropole, 4/2011, pp. 28–29.
- ↑ List of power plants. Federal Network Agency , May 10, 2016, accessed on October 24, 2016 .
- ^ Geesthacht: Energy park: photovoltaic system
