Ramses V.

Name of Ramses V.
Horus name	Ka-nechet-men-maat K3-nḫt-mn-m3ˁt Strong bull, with constant mate
Gold name	User-renput-mi-Atum Wsr-rnpwt-mj-Jtm Rich in years like Atum
Throne name	User-maat-Re-Secheper-en-Re Wsr-m3ˁt-Rˁ-sḫpr.n-Rˁ Rich in Maat , a Re whom Re raised
Proper name	Ramesisuimen (cher) chepeschef (Ra mesi su Imen [cher] chepeschef) Rˁ msj sw Jmn (ḥr) ḫpš.f Re it is who created him; Amun is in his power

Ramses V was the fourth ancient Egyptian king ( pharaoh ) of the 20th dynasty . He ruled from around 1150 to 1145 BC. Chr. About his origins is not known, perhaps he was a son of Ramses IV. And Queen Duatentopet / Tentipet.

supporting documents

Ramses V is attested by monuments in Timna and Sinai , by fragments of stelae and lintel fragments in Heliopolis , a stele in Karnak that was usurped by Ramses X , a rock stele in Jabal al-Silsila , blocks in that taken over by Ramses IV Temple of Deir el-Bahari , an inscription on the occasion of a quarry expedition in Silsila-West and in the border fortress Buhen .

Vizier under Ramses V as well as under his predecessor and successor is Neferrenpet .

Domination

The reign of Ramses V was marked by the growing power of the Amun priesthood. This came to more prosperity and influence, as more and more land passed into the possession of the temples , which ultimately also meant a weakening of the royal rule. The Turin Papyrus 1887 reports of a financial scandal at the time of Ramses V, in which priests from Elephantine are said to have been involved. Signs of political instability can also be found in the Turin Papyrus 2044. Craftsmen from Deir el-Medina are said to have repeatedly stopped work on the royal tomb KV9 in the first year of their reign , for fear of hostile Libyan tribes invading the country and attacking the city of Per-Nebyt and a few days later advanced to Thebes . This shows that the Egyptian state was apparently no longer able to guarantee the security of its own elite workers or the general population.

The Papyrus Wilbour from the 4th year of reign, a land register for tax collection in part of Central Egypt , is one of the most important documents of his reign and serves to better understand the Egyptian economy. He testifies that much of the land between Crocodilopolis in Fajum and today's al-Minya - a distance of about 145 kilometers - was owned by temples. The document underlines the increasing power of the Amun high priest Ramsesnacht , whose son, a certain Usermaatrenacht, also exercised the office of chief tax administrator.

death

Head of the mummy of Ramses V.

The circumstances of Ramses V's death are unknown, but it is believed that he reigned for four full years. It is quite possible that his successor Ramses VI. deposed him before his death, as he also usurped his grave KV9 in the Valley of the Kings . An ostracon reports that the king did not follow Ramses VI until the year 2. was buried, which is quite unusual as kings usually have to be mummified and buried 70 days after their death. One reason for the delayed burial measures could have been the expulsion of Libyan invaders in the Theban area and the search for an alternative temporary burial site, as KV9 was now planned as a double grave. A workers protocol (P. Turin 1923) from the 2nd year of Ramses VI's reign. confirms that theben West returned to the normal agenda at this time.

In the 21st dynasty , the mummy was reburied in Amenophis II's grave KV35, which was used as a hiding place , where it was rediscovered in 1898. It shows signs (such as pockmarks) that the Pharaoh died of smallpox when he was just over 30 years old . This makes him one of the earliest known victims of the smallpox virus .

literature

• Darrell D. Baker: The Encyclopedia of the Egyptian Pharaohs, Volume I: Predynastic to the Twentieth Dynasty (3300-1069 BC). Bannerstone Press, London 2008, ISBN 978-1-905299-37-9 , pp. 321-323.
• Erik Hornung : The New Kingdom. In: Erik Hornung, Rolf Krauss, David A. Warburton (eds.): Ancient Egyptian Chronology. (= Handbook of Oriental studies. Section One. The Near and Middle East. Volume 83). Brill, Leiden / Boston 2006, ISBN 978-90-04-11385-5 , pp. 197-217 ( online ).
• Alexander J. Peden: The Usurped Karnak Stela of Ramesses V. In: Göttinger Miszellen . (GM) Vol. 110, Göttingen 1989, pp. 41-46.
• Thomas Schneider : Lexicon of the Pharaohs. Albatros, Düsseldorf 2002, ISBN 3-491-96053-3 , p. 237.

Web links

Commons : Ramses V.  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Rolf Krauss: Sothis and moon data: Studies on the astronomical and technical chronology of ancient Egypt. Gerstenberg, Hildesheim 1985, ISBN 3-8067-8086-X , pp. 131-132.
2. ↑ Wolfgang Helck : History of ancient Egypt. Brill, Leiden / Cologne 1981, ISBN 9004064974 , p. 202.
3. ↑ ^{a b} A. J. Peden: The reign of Ramesses IV. Aris & Phillips, Warminster 1994, ISBN 0856686220 , p. 21.
4. ↑ Peter A. Clayton : Chronicle of the Pharaohs: the reign-by-reign record of the rulers and dynasties of ancient Egyp. Thames & Hudson, New York, NY 1994, ISBN 0500050740 , p. 168.
5. ↑ Peter A. Clayton: Chronicle of the Pharaohs: the reign-by-reign record of the rulers and dynasties of ancient Egyp. New York, NY 1994, p. 167.
6. ↑ Kamal Sabri Kolta, Doris Schwarzmann-Schafhauser: Egyptian Medicine (3000-30 BC). In: Werner E. Gerabek u. a. (Ed.): Encyclopedia of medical history. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , pp. 9-14, here: pp. 11 and 1541.
7. ↑ Erik Hornung : The Pharaoh. In: Sergio Donadoni (ed.): The Egyptians. University of Chicago Press, Chicago 1997, ISBN 978-0-2261-5556-2 , p. 292.
8. ↑ Donald R. Hopkins: Ramses V - Earliest known victim? (of smallpox). In: World Health. 1980, ISSN  0043-8502 , p. 22, ( PDF file ).

predecessor	Office	successor
Ramses IV	Pharaoh of Egypt 20th Dynasty	Ramses VI.