Raphael Weichbrodt

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Raphael Weichbrodt (born September 21, 1886 in Labischin an der Netze (province of Posen ) (today Łabiszyn / Poland ); † May 31, 1942 Mauthausen concentration camp ) was a German psychiatrist , neurologist and university professor who was a victim of the Holocaust .

Life

Weichbrodt was the son of a wealthy Jewish merchant family. In 1906 he graduated from the humanistic grammar school in Bromberg (today Bydgoszcz ) and studied medicine in Berlin , Heidelberg , Freiburg im Breisgau and Munich . In 1912 he received his license to practice medicine and received his doctorate in the same year (“The most common methods for determining the value of digitalis”, Med. Diss.) In Munich. After various assistants at Berlin clinics, he was from June 15, 1915 to December 31, 1925 in Frankfurt under Emil Sioli , later under Karl Kleist , assistant doctor at the Municipal Institute for the Insane and Epileptic , which had become part of the Frankfurt University Clinic in 1914 . In the last year of the war in 1918 - despite severe walking difficulties due to clubfoot on both sides - he was a military doctor at the club hospital 128 in Frankfurt. In 1920 he completed his habilitation with the text “The Therapy of Paralysis ” and was awarded the Venia Legendi at the University of Frankfurt am Main for psychiatry and neurology. Since the summer of 1921 he gave lectures as a private lecturer at Frankfurt University in psychiatry and neurology. In 1926 he settled in Frankfurt as a specialist in neurology and psychiatry and worked mainly as an expert for insurance companies, associations and private individuals. After leaving the clinic, he continued to teach at the medical faculty in Frankfurt and continued to work scientifically as a journalist. In 1926, Weichbrodt was appointed an unofficial professor. From 1932 he was head of the chemical-serological laboratory at the University Clinic for the Mentally Ill and Nervous in Frankfurt. In 1933, as a non-Aryan, his license to teach was revoked on the basis of the “Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service” (Section 3 BBG) of April 7, 1933.

Due to the National Socialist reprisals, Weichbrodt was unable to continue his practice and expert work in the following years and devoted himself intensively to professional writing. Since 1916 he had published numerous articles in specialist journals; In addition, he was co-editor of the "Handbuch der Ärztlichen Assessment" (2 volumes, 1931) and collaborator of the "Handbuch der Complete Unfallheilkunde" (1934). The monograph “The Suicide” represents one of his own interests. He had dealt with it thematically since 1918. The monograph first appeared in 1923, then again heavily revised and expanded in 1937 in Switzerland. Also in Switzerland in 1940 “The Insurance Fraud” appeared. His manuscript “Jealousy” is only preserved in the estate, a work on “Ingenious Creation and Disturbance of the Soul” is considered lost. In 1941, Weichbrodt handed over important documents, letters and manuscripts for safekeeping to his friend, the journalist Oskar Quint, which have been preserved in the Quint family estate at the Institute for City History .

Raphael Weichbrodt was sent to Mauthausen concentration camp on May 30, 1942 and died there on May 31, 1942. Raphael Weichbrodt is remembered in Frankfurt am Main by memorial plaques on the grave of his wife Meta in the New Jewish Cemetery , on the Neuer Börneplatz memorial and a Stumbling stone in Mainzer Landstrasse 23.

Weichbrodt married Meta Markus (* 1895) on June 6, 1919, who died of cancer in 1932. The marriage resulted in the two daughters Ruth (* 1920) and Dorrit (* 1921). Ruth Weichbrodt emigrated to the USA in 1938 and later to Brazil. According to Kurt Schäfer, Ruth Weichbrodt stated in 1996 that her sister Dorrit had been deported shortly after her father, but that there was no further trace (Kurt Schäfer p. 33). However, there is an undated reference to Dorrit Weichbrodt's stay in the Lodz ghetto.

A previously common diagnostic method for the detection of immunoglobulins in the cerebral fluid in inflammatory diseases of the brain tissue and meninges was named after him as "Weichbrodt sublimate reaction".

literature

  • Literature by and about Raphael Weichbrodt in the catalog of the German National Library
  • Walther Killy, Rudolf Vierhaus (ed.): German Biographical Encyclopedia. Volume 10, Saur, Munich 1999, p. 380.
  • Monica Kingreen: Forcibly abducted from Frankfurt. The deportations of the Jews in 1941–1945. In: Monica Kingreen (Ed.): "After the Kristallnacht". Jewish life and anti-Jewish politics in Frankfurt am Main 1938–1945. Frankfurt, New York 1999, pp. 357-402.
  • Kurt Schäfer: Following a Trace (Raphael Weichbrodt). (= Biographies No. 2). Fritz Bauer Institute , Frankfurt 1998, ISBN 3-932883-16-0 .
  • Renate Heuer, Siegbert Wolf (ed.): The Jews of the Frankfurt University. Frankfurt / New York 1997, ISBN 3-593-35502-7 , pp. 382-383.
  • Wolfgang Klötzer (Hrsg.): Frankfurter Biographie . Personal history lexicon . Second volume. M – Z (=  publications of the Frankfurt Historical Commission . Volume XIX , no. 2 ). Waldemar Kramer, Frankfurt am Main 1996, ISBN 3-7829-0459-1 . , P. 538.
  • Wilhelm Kallmorgen: Seven Hundred Years of Medicine in Frankfurt am Main. Diesterweg, Frankfurt am Main 1936, DNB 580328651 , p. 444.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ see access list for Mauthausen concentration camp , archived in the Mauthausen Memorial ( http://www.mauthausen-memorial.at/ )
  2. ↑ see death book of the SS medical officer Mauthausen, archived in the Mauthausen Memorial ( death book of the Gusen camp ( memento of November 14, 2014 in the web archive archive.today )). Kurt Schäfer had given two possible places of death in his publication on Weichbrodt: the Groß-Rosen concentration camp and the Mauthausen concentration camp (Kurt Schäfer p. 32). The Mauthausen concentration camp can be clearly documented as the place of death; how it came to the statement Groß-Rosen remains unclear. Whether - as Kurt Schäfer suspected - Weichbrodt was present at the Frankfurt deportation of Jews on May 24, 1942 from the Frankfurt wholesale market “to the east” (Kurt Schäfer p. 32) is not documented. According to Monica Kingreen's investigations into the deportations of Jewish citizens from Frankfurt between 1941 and 1945, it emerges that the deportation train of May 24, 1942 was destined for the Ghetto Izbica transit camp (see Monica Kingreen p. 372f.)
  3. ↑ Information by email of January 26, 2016 from Archiwum Państwowe w Łodzi: In a file with the title “Receipts for postal and bank payments. Name directories of Frankfurt Jews. Correspondence of the Frankfurt collective on sending money from abroad ”, Dorrit Weichbrodt is listed
personal data
SURNAME Weichbrodt, Raphael
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German psychiatrist, neurologist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH September 21, 1886
PLACE OF BIRTH Labishin
DATE OF DEATH May 31, 1942