Purple snail basid
| Purple snail basid | ||||||||||||
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Helicobasidium purpureum on birch |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Helicobasidium purpureum | ||||||||||||
| ( Tulasne ) Patouillard |
The violet snail basid ( Helicobasidium purpureum , syn .: Helicobasidium brebissonii ) is a type of fungus of the Tremellomycetes from the family of the ear flap fungus relatives (Auriculariaceae). The fruiting bodies of the species, which are found almost worldwide, are pink-violet, tomentose to membranous and resupinate . The fungus grows parasitically on trunks, roots and bark of trees, herbs and bushes, especially near the ground. The violet snail basid fructifies in spring and autumn. Known in agriculture as the violet root killer , it mainly causes damage in the cultivation of sugar beets, carrots, alfalfa and potatoes.
features
Macroscopic features
The fruiting body of the violet snail basid appears as a felty or membranous carpet on the surface of its host. The hymenium is pink-violet to tomentose violet-brown and frosted, it has no rhizomorphs . The fruit layer can often cover the entire surface of the host.
Microscopic features
The hyphae of the species are cylindrical and do not have buckles . Two to four-cell protobasidia form at their ends. The basidia are curved in the shape of a walking stick or snail. The thin-walled, smooth and inamyloid spores of the violet snail basid are ellipsoid and reach a size of 9–12.5 × 5–6.5 µm . The hyphae of the subcuticle are light purple and almost hyaline.
distribution
The violet snail basid is almost cosmopolitan, so it occurs in large parts of the world. From New Zealand and Australia it occurs over Asia to the Holarctic , East Africa and the Neotropic . In the Holarctic it prefers the meridional and temperate to boreal zone . In Europe, the species is mainly sub-Mediterranean and oceanic-suboceanic .
ecology
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Purple snail basidia grow saprobionic and parasitic on flowering plants, especially on the stumps, roots and bark of trees, shrubs and herbs. In the German Baden-Württemberg they prefer ash trees ( Fraxinus spp.) As a substrate.
meaning
The violet root killer, as it is called in agricultural cultivation, can be of particular importance in the cultivation of sugar beet , carrots , alfalfa and potatoes . It prefers weedy wet soils in warmer areas. A crop rotation with grain is recommended as a measure .
swell
- German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.): The large mushrooms of Baden-Württemberg . Volume 1: General Part. Stand mushrooms: jelly, bark, prick and pore mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3528-0 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Index Fungorum , accessed June 22, 2012
- ↑ a b ETH Zurich: Plant Pathology: Online Scripts: Diagnostics: Zuckerrübe. Online, accessed on June 21, 2013. ( Memento of the original from August 30, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
