Umbels currant
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Umbel currant ( Ribes fasciculatum ) |
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| Ribes fasciculatum | ||||||||||||
| Siebold & Zucc. |
The umbellate currant ( Ribes fasciculatum ) is a small shrub up to 1.5 meters high with deep yellow, fragrant flowers and scarlet fruits from the gooseberry family (Grossulariaceae). The natural range of the species is in China, Japan and Korea. The species is very rarely cultivated.
description
The umbellate currant is a 1.5 meter high, deciduous shrub with thick, brownish, unreinforced branches. The buds are brownish, 2 to 5 millimeters long, ovate to oblong ovoid, glabrous and pointed. The leaves have a 1 to 3 centimeter long, hairy or rarely bare stem. The leaf blade is simple, three- to five-lobed, rounded, rarely from 2, usually 3 to 4 and rarely up to 8 centimeters long and 3.5 to 5 (rarely from 2.5 to 10) centimeters wide, with a truncated or flat heart-shaped base. The lobes are broadly ovate, coarsely and bluntly serrated with blunt or pointed end. The middle lobe is about the same length or slightly longer than the side lobes. Both sides are bald or hairy.
The flowers are dioecious . They are deep yellow and fragrant. The male inflorescences are sessile umbels of two to nine flowers. The female flowers are rarely single, usually in clusters of two to four, rarely six flowers. The bracts are elongated, 5 to 8 millimeters long, slightly downy, single-veined and fall off early. The flower stalks are glabrous or slightly hairy and rarely from 3, usually 5 to 9 millimeters long. The flower cup is dome-shaped, yellowish green, 2 to 3 millimeters long, with egg-shaped to tongue-shaped, 2 to 4 millimeters long and bent back at the time of flowering. The petals are deep yellow, 1.5 to 2 millimeters long and round to fan-shaped. The stamens are longer than the petals. The ovary is pear-shaped. The fruits are scarlet, round with a diameter of 6 to 10 millimeters.
The umbelliferous currant flowers from April to May, the fruits ripen from July to September.
Occurrence and location requirements
The natural range is in the Chinese provinces of Anhui , Gansu , Henan , Hubei , Jiangsu , Jiangxi , Shaanxi , Shandong and Zhejiang , on the Japanese islands of Honshu , Kyushu and Shikoku and on the Korean peninsula . The cone currant grows in forests, forest edges and bamboo forests at altitudes of 700 to 2400 meters, on fresh to moist, acidic to neutral, sandy to loamy, humus rich, nutrient-rich soils in light to partially shaded locations. The species is frost hardy .
Systematics
The umbellate currant ( Ribes fasciculatum ) is a species from the genus of currants ( Ribes ) in the gooseberry family (Grossulariaceae). It is assigned to the section Hemibotrya in the subgenus Berisia . The species was first scientifically described in 1843 by Philipp Franz von Siebold and Joseph Gerhard Zuccarini . The generic name Ribes is derived from the Arabic name of a type of rhubarb . The name was adopted for currants in the Middle Ages because of the sour taste of the berries of some species, which is reminiscent of the taste of rhubarb. The specific epithet fasciculatum comes from Latin and means "bundled".
There are three varieties :
- Ribes fasciculatum var. Chinense Maxim. with densely hairy branches and leaf blades and bald ovaries and fruits. The leaf blade is about 10 centimeters long.
- Ribes fasciculatum var. Fasciculatum with bare or initially loosely hairy and later almost bare branches and leaf blades.
- Ribes fasciculatum var. Guizhouense L.T. Lu with densely hairy branches and leaf blades and initially downy hairy ovaries and fruits, which later become bald. The leaf blade is about 6 inches long.
use
The cone currant is very rarely cultivated.
proof
literature
- Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China . Volume 8: Brassicaceae through Saxifragaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2001, ISBN 0-915279-93-2 , pp. 444 (English).
- Andreas Roloff , Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use. With a winter key from Bernd Schulz. 3rd, corrected edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6 , p. 539.
- Jost Fitschen : Woody flora . 12th, revised and expanded edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2007, ISBN 3-494-01422-1 , p. 729 .
- Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 (reprint from 1996).
Individual evidence
- ^ German name according to Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 539 and after Fitschen: Gehölzflora , p. 729
- ↑ a b c d Lu Lingdi, Crinan Alexander: Ribes fasciculatum , in: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (ed.): Flora of China . Volume 8: Brassicaceae through Saxifragaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2001, ISBN 0-915279-93-2 , pp. 444 (English).
- ↑ a b c d Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 539
- ↑ a b c Ribes fasciculatum. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, accessed May 5, 2012 .
- ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names, pp. 538–539
- ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 246
Web links
Ribes fasciculatum. In: The Plant List. Retrieved May 5, 2012 .