Roald Sinnurowitsch Sagdejew

Roald Sagdeev ( Russian Роальд Зиннурович Сагдеев Roal'd Zinnurovič Sagdeev , Tatar Роальд Зиннур улы Сәгъдиев Roald Zinnur Uli Säğdiev *  26 December 1932 in Kazan , Soviet Union ) is a Russian physicist , a leading international authority in plasma physics is. From 1973 to 1988 he was the director of the Space Research Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR . He was also a scientific advisor to Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev .

Life

Sagdejew was born to Tatar parents. His younger brother is the chemist Renad Sinnurowitsch Sagdejew . Roald Sagdejew graduated from the University of Kazan and the Lomonosov University in Moscow , where he was a student of Lev Landau . From 1956 to 1962 he was on the fusion research team at the Kurchatov Institute . In 1961 he founded the laboratory for theoretical plasma physics at the Budker Institute for Nuclear Physics in Novosibirsk , where he was until 1971. As early as 1966 he advocated international collaboration, particularly with US scientists, in the then very successful plasma physics conferences at the ICTP in Trieste , which he led with Marshall Rosenbluth . In 1973 he took over the management of the Moscow Institute for Space Research, which he headed until 1988. In 1989 he was elected to the Supreme Soviet of the USSR . Since 1989 he has been a professor at the University of Maryland , where he is director of the East West Space Science Center.

He has lived in the USA since 1990 .

Roald Sagdejew was married to Susan Eisenhower, the granddaughter of the late American President Dwight D. Eisenhower .

Sagdejew dealt with plasma physics, applications of plasma physics in astronomy (e.g. essay with Charles Kennel Cosmic Shock Waves , Spectrum of Science June 1991, p. 102, and Critical phenomena in plasma astrophysics , Reviews of modern physics 1979) and related issues Problems of nonlinear dynamics.

In his early work with L. Rudakov he discovered several instabilities of plasmas that became important in fusion research and astrophysics, including drift waves (1960/61). He and A. Galeev developed a neoclassical transport theory for tokamak plasmas and in 1956 he predicted shock waves in plasmas without collision (as in dilute plasmas in space).

Honors

He is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1990), the American Philosophical Society (2008), the Royal Astronomical Society (1988), the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences (1988), the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (1988), the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences (1988), the National Academy of Sciences (1987), the Max Planck Society (1976), the Academy of Sciences for the Developing World (1987) and the Pontifical Academy of Sciences (1990). Since 1964 he has been a corresponding and since 1968 a full member of the Soviet Academy of Sciences . Since 1980 he has been a member of the International Academy of Astronautics .

He became a socialist hero in 1986 (for leading the international Vega mission to Halley Comet) and received the Lenin Prize in 1984 (for his work on fusion research). In 1995 he received the Leo Szilard Award from the American Physical Society (APS) and in 1992 the Tate Medal from the American Institute of Physics. In 2003 he received the Carl Sagan Memorial Award . In 2001, he received the James Clerk Maxwell Prize in Plasma Physics for an unprecedented amount of contributions to modern plasma physics including non-collision shock waves, stochastic magnetic fields, ion temperature gradient instabilities, quasi-linear theory and neoclassical transport theory of plasmas and weak turbulence theory .

Fonts

• The making of a Soviet scientist: my adventures in nuclear fusion and space from Stalin to Star Wars, New York, Wiley 1994

References

1. ↑ Especially for space research and arms control
2. ^ The World Academy of Sciences
3. ^ Roald Sagdeev on the page The Pontifical Academy of Sciences. Retrieved October 24, 2018 . 
4. ↑ turbulent plasmas
5. ↑ Laudation for the Maxwell Prize: For an unmatched set of contributions to modern plasma theory including: collisionless shocks, stochastic magnetic fields, ion temperature gradient instabilities, quasi-linear theory, neo-classical transport, and weak turbulence theory

Web links

• Literature by and about Roald Sinnurowitsch Sagdejew in the catalog of the German National Library
• To receive the Maxwell Prize