Roberto Marinho

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Roberto Pisani Marinho (born December 3, 1904 in Rio de Janeiro ; † August 6, 2003 ibid) was a Brazilian journalist , media entrepreneur and patron of the arts , president of Grupo Globo , formerly known as Organizações Globo . He was the eldest son of five children of the journalist Irineu Marinho and Francisca Pisani Marinho. Until his death in 2003, he was considered the most influential media mogul in Brazil and created an empire . Probably no other Brazilian exercised as much power and influence as Roberto Marinho in the 20th century . The Globo Group is now the largest South American media company and the fourth largest TV company in the world. Marinho cultivated the tradition of closeness to power from the very beginning of the media giant and supported the military dictatorship (1964–1985) and all subsequent governments.

biography

Early years

Roberto Marinho studied at the Escola Profissional Sousa Aguiar University of Applied Sciences and at the Colégio Anglo-Brasileiro and the Colégio Paula Freitas e Aldridge (1911–1922) in Rio de Janeiro. After his father Irineu Marinho had lost all shares in the small, insignificant newspaper A Noite ("The Evening") founded in 1911, he founded the newspaper O Globo on July 29, 1925 with thirteen former colleagues . A few days later, on August 25, 1925, Irineu Marinho died suddenly of a heart attack . The family urged 20-year-old Roberto to take over the management of the company. But he initially refused to assume responsibility as director of the paper, which had appeared for the first time only a few days earlier. The position was instead taken over by Euclydes de Matos, a friend of his father's.

Media mogul

Before Roberto Marinho finally took over the management of the newspaper himself in 1931 at the age of 26, he was desk editor , editor-in-chief and secretary of the newspaper at the same time . In 1944 he started his media conglomerate with "Rádio Globo" , which Marinho later renamed Globo . In 1957 he won the first prize of the TV concession in Rio de Janeiro and on April 26, 1965, a year after the military coup in 1964, the television station TV Globo started . At the same time he made "O Globo" one of the most important papers in Brazil. It is at the heart of his media empire, but his power came from television. Marinho was a classic and arch-conservative patriarch , his employees called him "Doutor Roberto", also "God" behind closed doors.

The foundation, which has had his name since 1977, Fundação Roberto Marinho , continues to promote culture and education in the country to this day . The foundation financed, among other things, the restoration of the Christ statue and the national library, the renaturation of the botanical garden in Rio and the Ibirapuera park in São Paulo . In 1993 he applied for the vacant chair No. 39 of the Brazilian Academy of Literature (ABL), the guardian of the Brazilian language and culture, previously held by the well-known writer Otto Lara Resende . On July 22, 1993 he was elected as a member of the ABL and took office on October 19 of the same year.

Political influence

Under the military dictatorship (1964-85) Marinho received the license for a nationwide broadcaster. At that time, the Globo media network had risen to become the most powerful media company in the country. The British TV documentary Beyond Citizen Kane (1994) critically examines Marinho's role during this period and his close ties to the dictatorship. On the other hand, Marinho gave refuge to critical journalists in his editorial office during the military dictatorship. In September 2013 Globo apologized for supporting the military dictatorship. This was largely viewed as a tactical maneuver by the media giant because the media company's amalgamation with the state elites came into the focus of nationwide social protests.

In the 1989 presidential election , Globo openly campaigned for Marinho's favorite Fernando Collor de Mello ; the left Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva covered the station with a vicious campaign . Polls were also manipulated after a TV debate in favor of Collor de Mello. One day after the debate - and three days before the election - TV Globo broadcast a cut of the duel, which turned out to be Lula's disadvantage. The clear intention was to discredit the Workers' Party (PT) candidate . Collor de Mello eventually won the election by five percentage points. The so-called "Collor phenomenon" did not last long. Two and a half years later, President Collor de Mello had to resign because of corruption .

During the impeachment proceedings against Dilma Rousseff , the former President Lula da Silva accused the Marinhos in a public speech of actively promoting the impeachment against President Rousseff . "Every lie is okay with Globo," he shouted in a hoarse voice, "they are in league with the old elites". The crowd chanted “The people are not stupid - Globo has to go!” A large poster hangs next to the stage: “Globo out!” None of this appeared in the reports in the Globo media.

Personal

His greatest passion since 1939 was equestrian sport ; he fell off his horse several times and broke three ribs once. Marinho went on and on and even managed six times the Brazilian championship in show jumping . He developed another enthusiasm for underwater sports . He was also a major art collector . In his art collection Coleção Roberto Marinho there are around 1,400 paintings from modern to abstract paintings by Brazilian and foreign artists.

Roberto Marinho had been married to Lily de Carvalho Marinho , born in Cologne in 1920, since 1984 , the daughter of an Englishman and a Frenchwoman, his third wife. He had his four children with Stella Goulart Marinho: Roberto Irineu (* 1947), Paulo Roberto (* 1950), José Roberto (* 1953) and João Roberto (* 1955). On New Year's Eve 1970, his son Paulo Roberto, then 19 years old, died in a car accident. His second wife was Ruth de Albuquerque Marinho.

From 1998 Roberto Marinho shared the Globo organization with his children and retired to his home in Cosme Velho . He died on the evening of August 6, 2003 at the Hospital Samaritano in a pulmonary edema . On his death he left twelve grandchildren and six great-grandchildren.

documentary

  • Beyond Citizen Kane (in Brazil: Muito Além do Cidadão Kane ) - 1993, British documentary, directed by Simon Hartog, produced by John Ellis, premiered on Channel 4

Web links

Commons : Roberto Marinho  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b ROBERTO MARINHO - Presidente das Organizações Globo até 6 de agosto de 2003 . memoria.oglobo.globo.com. Accessed August 24, 2016 (Portuguese)
  2. ↑ Saiba mais sobre Roberto Marinho, fundador da Globo . folha.com.br. 6 August 2003 (Portuguese)
  3. ↑ a b Brazil: Lula and the scandal duel . dw.com. From September 24, 2005
  4. ↑ a b c Brazil: Media group Globo and the dictatorship . amerika21.de. 18 April 2014
  5. ↑ DIED Roberto Marinho . spiegel.de. 11 August 2003
  6. ↑ Fundação Roberto Marinho website . frm.org.br. Accessed August 24, 2016 (Portuguese)
  7. ↑ CAIU DO CAVALO ( Memento from 23 August 2016 in the Internet Archive ). robertomarinho.com.br. Accessed August 24, 2016 (Portuguese)
  8. ^ Arte e Cultura . robertomarinho.com. Accessed August 24, 2016 (Portuguese)
  9. ↑ SOTHEBY'S AUCTION GEMS FROM LILY MARINHO'S COLLECTION . Sotheby's press release dated May 15, 2008
  10. ↑ Dona Lily Marinho morre no Rio . g1.globo.com. From January 5, 2011 (Portuguese)
  11. ^ Marinho é a família mais rica do Brasil, segundo 'Forbes'; veja lista . economia.uol.com.br. May 14, 2015 (Portuguese)
  12. ↑ Globo Communicação e Participações SA . bpb.de. From September 1, 2012

Web links

Commons : Roberto Marinho  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Marinho, Roberto
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Pisani Marinho, Roberto
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Brazilian media entrepreneur
DATE OF BIRTH December 3, 1904
PLACE OF BIRTH Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
DATE OF DEATH August 6, 2003
Place of death Rio de Janeiro