Romualds Grīnblats

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Romualds Grīnblats even Romuald Samuilowitsch Grinblat ( Russian Ромуальд Самуилович Гринблат ., Scientific transliteration Romual'd Samuilovič Grinblat * 11. August 1930 in Tver , later temporarily Kalinin, the Soviet Union ; † 14. August 1995 in Saint Petersburg , Russia ) was a Latvian - Russian composer .

Life

Grīnblats, the son of a doctor and a textile artist, grew up in a Latvian family with Jewish roots. From 1946 he graduated from the music school of the Leningrad Conservatory in the subjects of piano and composition with Sergei Wolfenson and Orest Jewlachow . In 1950 he went to Riga and studied at the Latvian Music Academy Jāzeps Vītols composition with Ādolf's sculptures . He made his final diploma in 1955 with his 1st symphony. He then worked as a sound engineer for the Latvian Radio until 1957 and then as a music editor for the State Music Publishing House until 1961. During this time he had his first great success as a composer in 1959 in Riga with the Rigonda ballet . More symphonies followed, and at the same time Grīnblats increasingly wrote music for theater and cinema. In 1971 he moved to Leningrad, where he worked as an editor for the “Sovietski kompozitor” publishing house. His tomb is located in the Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery in Saint Petersburg.

style

Grīnblats wrote in a remarkable variety of styles - his ranged from rock opera to polystylistic works, from popular music to atonality , twelve-tone technique and serialism . He wrote operas, including children's, rock operas and musicals, ballets, orchestral works, including 7 symphonies, as well as vocal, chamber and piano music as well as theater and film music. His compositional credo was:

“My artistic goals are: perfecting the unity of all components. For each work a different composition idea. ... being free from dogmas. I do not give preference to any composition technique, but rather use different techniques (such as dodecaphony, serialism, etc.) in their interaction. If necessary, I also use more traditional means. "

- Romualds Grīnblats :

He belonged to the Soviet avant-garde at the time, Luigi Nono described Grīnblats' 4th Symphony (1967) as the most important work of the Soviet era after Shostakovich's 8th Symphony . Grīnblats was considered one of the first composers in the USSR to combine different levels of style. In his 1970 suite Das Leben Molière (based on Mikhail Bulgakov ), he combined a rococo- style melody with cluster sounds. The term polystylistic was initially related to this work in the Soviet Union - even before Alfred Schnittke's 1st Symphony . Also in the rock opera The Flemish legend about Till Eulenspiegel (1978) merged with Grīnblats symphonic pop, Estrada and Jazz .

Awards

  • 1960: Latvian State Prize
  • 1987: Honored Artist of the RSFSR

Works (selection)

  • 1st symphony, 1954
  • 2nd symphony, 1957
  • Rigonda , ballet (after Vilis Lācis ), 1959
  • Piano concerto, 1963
  • 3rd symphony, 1964
  • Riga , ballet, 1965
  • Nocturne for 17 instruments, 1966
  • Daugawa , symphonic poem, 1966
  • Ballada , symphonic poem, 1966
  • The legend of Till Eulenspiegel ( Leģenda par Pūcesspieģeli ), musical based on Charles De Coster , 1966 (revised to rock opera in 1978, see there)
  • 4th Symphony, 1967
  • Sonata for piano, 1968
  • Phonetic exercises ( Упражнения по фонетике ), cantata for chamber choir and 5 instruments after Robert Roschdestwensky , 1969
  • Kater und Vogel ( басня Кот и птица ), fairy tale for children's choir based on Jacques Prévert , 1970
  • The Green Bird ( Zaļais putniņš , Зелёная птичка ), musical based on Carlo Gozzi , 1970
  • Concerto for flute and chamber orchestra, 1970
  • Bãrddziņa meita ( The Barber's Daughter ), children's opera based on Hans Christian Andersen , 1972
  • The Life of Molière , suite for harpsichord and 12 strings based on Michail Bulgakov's Die Cabal der Hypheiligen , 1973
  • Peter Pan ( Pīters Pens ), musical, 1976
  • The Flemish Legend ( Фламандская легенда ), rock opera based on Charles De Coster (originally The Legend of Till Eulenspiegel ), 1978
  • The Merry Wives of Windsor after William Shakespeare , 1981
  • 5th Symphony, 1983
  • 6th Symphony Intervalle , 1989/90
  • 7th Symphony, 1995

Film music (selection)

  • Двое , 1965
  • Сломанная подкова , 1973
  • Раз, два - горе не беда! , 1988

literature

Web links

annotation

  1. ↑ In the sources Grīnblats or Grinblat is listed differently, partly as a Latvian, partly as a Russian, partly as a Latvian-Soviet or Latvian-Jewish-Soviet composer. Born in the old Russian city of Tver and trained in Leningrad, he worked in the Latvian SSR from 1950 to 1971 , but lived in Leningrad from 1971 until his death in 1995. The epitaph is Russian with patronymic.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Romuald Grinblat . In: Hermann Danuser, Hannelore Gerlach, Jürgen Köchel (eds.): Soviet music in the light of perestroika . Laaber, Laaber 1990, ISBN 3-89007-120-1 , pp. 343-344 .
  2. ↑ Daiga Mazvērsīte: Pieminot komponistu Romualdu Grīnblatu! In: Latvias Sabriediskie Mediji (LSM). April 6, 2015 (Latvian, For the composer's 85th birthday).;
  3. ↑ a b c Anete Ašmane: Romualds Grīnblats. In: Latvian Music Information Center. 2019 (English).;
  4. ↑ a b Jānis Torgāns:  Grinblat, Romual'd Samuilovič. In: Ludwig Finscher (Hrsg.): The music in past and present . Second edition, personal section, volume 8 (Gribenski - Hilverding). Bärenreiter / Metzler, Kassel et al. 2002, ISBN 3-7618-1118-7  ( online edition , subscription required for full access)
  5. ↑ a b Iosif Genrikhovich Rayskin:  Grinblat, Romual'd Samuilovich. In: Grove Music Online (English; subscription required).
  6. ↑ Tomb in the Preobrazhenskoe Cemetery (Russian)
  7. ↑ a b Dorothea Redepenning: The history of Russian and Soviet music . The 20th century. tape 2.1 . Laaber-Verlag, Laaber 2008, ISBN 978-3-89007-709-3 , p. 632, 635, 700-701 .
  8. ↑ Short biography and selection of works on kino-teatr (Russian)
  9. ↑ Boris Yoffe : In the flow of the symphonic . Wolke, Hofheim 2014, ISBN 978-3-95593-059-2 , pp. 370 .
personal data
SURNAME Grīnblats, Romualds
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Гринблат, Ромуальд Самуилович (Russian); Grinblat, Romuald Samuilowitsch
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian-Latvian composer
DATE OF BIRTH August 11, 1930
PLACE OF BIRTH Tver
DATE OF DEATH January 14, 1995
Place of death St. Petersburg